scholarly journals Magnetoencephalography in the Detection and Characterization of Brain Abnormalities Associated with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Geoffrey W. Peitz ◽  
Elisabeth A. Wilde ◽  
Ramesh Grandhi
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Functional Brain Imaging ◽  
Original Research ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Clinical Role

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional brain imaging technique with high temporal resolution compared with techniques that rely on metabolic coupling. MEG has an important role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) research, especially in mild TBI, which may not have detectable features in conventional, anatomical imaging techniques. This review addresses the original research articles to date that have reported on the use of MEG in TBI. Specifically, the included studies have demonstrated the utility of MEG in the detection of TBI, characterization of brain connectivity abnormalities associated with TBI, correlation of brain signals with post-concussive symptoms, differentiation of TBI from post-traumatic stress disorder, and monitoring the response to TBI treatments. Although presently the utility of MEG is mostly limited to research in TBI, a clinical role for MEG in TBI may become evident with further investigation.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Long-Term Neuroimaging Correlates of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Repetitive Head Injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Victoria Echlin ◽  
Alma Rahimi ◽  
Magdalena Wojtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Level Of Evidence

Objective: To systematically review the literature on the long-term neuroimaging findings (≥10 years from exposure) for exposure in adulthood to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and repetitive head impacts (RHIs) using neuroimaging across all available populations.Data sources: Four electronic databases: MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and EMBASE.Study selection: All articles were original research and published in English. Studies examined adults with remote exposure to mTBI and/or RHIs from ten or more years ago in addition to any associated neuroimaging findings.Data extraction: Parameters mainly included participants' population, age, years since head injury, race, sex, education level, and any neuroimaging findings. Scores for the level of evidence and risk of bias were calculated independently by two authors.Results: 5,521 studies were reviewed, of which 34 met inclusion criteria and were included in this study. The majority of adults in these studies showed positive neuroimaging findings one or more decades following mTBI/RHI exposure. This was consistent across study populations (i.e., veterans, athletes, and the general population). There was evidence for altered protein deposition patterns, micro- and macro-structural, functional, neurochemical, and blood flow-related differences in the brain for those with remote mTBI/RHI exposure.Conclusion: Findings from these studies suggest that past mTBI/RHI exposure may be associated with neuroimaging findings. However, given the methodological constraints related to relatively small sample sizes and the heterogeneity in injury types/exposure and imaging techniques used, conclusions drawn from this review are limited. Well-designed longitudinal studies with multimodal imaging and in-depth health and demographic information will be required to better understand the potential for having positive neuroimaging findings following remote mTBI/RHI.

scholarly journals Alterations in the brain’s connectome during recovery from severe traumatic brain injury: protocol for a longitudinal prospective study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e016286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Conde ◽  
Sara Hesby Andreasen ◽  
Tue Hvass Petersen ◽  
Karen Busted Larsen ◽  
Karine Madsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
Healthy Participants

IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is considered one of the most pervasive causes of disability in people under the age of 45. TBI often results in disorders of consciousness, and clinical assessment of the state of consciousness in these patients is challenging due to the lack of behavioural responsiveness. Functional neuroimaging offers a means to assess these patients without the need for behavioural signs, indicating that brain connectivity plays a major role in consciousness emergence and maintenance. However, little is known regarding how changes in connectivity during recovery from TBI accompany changes in the level of consciousness. Here, we aim to combine cutting-edge neuroimaging techniques to follow changes in brain connectivity in patients recovering from severe TBI.Methods and analysisA multimodal, longitudinal assessment of 30 patients in the subacute stage after severe TBI will be made comprising an MRI session combined with electroencephalography (EEG), a positron emission tomography session and a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with EEG (TMS/EEG) session. A group of 20 healthy participants will be included for comparison. Four sessions for patients and two sessions for healthy participants will be planned. Data analysis techniques will focus on whole-brain, both data-driven and hypothesis-driven, connectivity measures that will be specific to the imaging modality.Ethics and disseminationThe project has received ethical approval by the local ethics committee of the Capital Region of Denmark and by the Danish Data Protection. Results will be published as original research articles in peer-reviewed journals and disseminated in international conferences. None of the measurements will have any direct clinical impact on the patients included in the study but may benefit future patients through a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the recovery process after TBI.Trial registration number:NCT02424656; Pre-results.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological and neuroimaging findings in traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-323 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Post Traumatic

Advances in imaging technology, coupled with military personnel returning home from Iraq and Afghanistan with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and/or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), have increased interest in the neuropsychology and neurobiology of these two conditions. There has been a particular focus on differential diagnosis. This paper provides an overview of findings regarding the neuropsychological and neurobiological underpinnings of TBI and for PTSD. A specific focus is on assessment using neuropsychological measures and imaging techniques. Challenges associated with the assessment of individuals with one or both conditions are also discussed. Although use of neuropsychological and neuroimaging test results may assist with diagnosis and treatment planning, further work is needed to identify objective biomarkers for each condition. Such advances would be expected to facilitate differential diagnosis and implementation of best treatment practices.

scholarly journals Psychiatric effects of traumatic brain injury events in Cambodian survivors of mass violence

2002 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Mollica ◽  
David C. Henderson ◽  
Svang Tor
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
New Public Health ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Time Periods

BackgroundThe prevalence of brain injury and its effects in populations exposed to war violence has not been studied in recent years.AimsTo examine the association between traumatic brain injury events and psychiatric symptoms of major depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Cambodian survivors of mass violence.MethodThe population comprised a multi-stage random sample of Cambodian refugees livingin a Thai refugee camp. The main results analysed the relationship between six categories of trauma events and psychiatric symptoms of depression and PTSD during two time periods.ResultsAlmost 15 000 trauma events were reported (n=13481, Pol Pot period; n=1249, past year). Traumatic brain injury was most common in the highly educated and in individuals with the highest levels of cumulative trauma. Of all trauma categories, traumatic brain injury revealed the strongest association with symptoms of depression, and a weaker association with PTSD. Brain injury represented 4% of the total number of traumatic events for both time periods, contributing 20% of the total symptom score for depression and 8% of that for PTSD.ConclusionsClinical identification and treatment of traumatic brain injuries in highly traumatised populations must be maintained in order to develop a new public health model for their treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document