scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Segregation Evolution during the Vacuum Arc Remelting Process of Ni-Based Superalloy Ingots

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2046
Author(s):  
Jiajun Cui ◽  
Baokuan Li ◽  
Zhongqiu Liu ◽  
Fengsheng Qi ◽  
Beijiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Segregation Behavior ◽  
Channel Segregation ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Solute Enrichment

Segregation defects greatly affect the service performance and working life of castings during the vacuum arc remelting (VAR) process. However, the corresponding research on the prediction of segregation defects is still not comprehensive. Through considering the influence of water-cooled crucible on the electromagnetic field inside an ingot, a full-scale model for the comprehensive prediction of freckles and macrosegregation defects during the VAR process is developed in this paper. The macroscopic solute transport phenomenon and the segregation behavior of Ni-5.8 wt% Al-15.2 wt% Ta alloy are predicted. The results indicate that the freckles are mainly concentrated in the lower region of the ingot. With the growth of the ingot, the solute enrichment channels gradually develop into solute enrichment regions, and the channel segregation evolves into macrosegregation. The Lorentz force mainly affects the flow pattern at the top of the molten pool, while the complex flow of multiple vortices is dominated by thermosolutal buoyancy. The maximum and minimum relative segregation ratio inside the ingot can reach 290% and −90%, respectively, and the positive segregation region accounts for about 79% of the total volume. This paper provides a new perspective for understanding the segregation behavior inside the ingot by studying the segregation evolution during the VAR process.

UDIMET 700

Alloy Digest ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract UDIMET 700 is a wrought nickel-base alloy produced by vacuum-induction melting and further refined by vacuum-arc remelting. It has excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures. Among its applications are blades for aircraft, marine and land-based gas turbines and rotor discs. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-51. Producer or source: Special Metals Corporation. Originally published March 1959, revised January 1987.

UDIMET 90

Alloy Digest ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract UDIMET 90 is a nickel-base alloy developed for elevated-temperature service. It is produced by vacuum induction melting and vacuum arc remelting techniques to develop optimum properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-174. Producer or source: Special Metals Corporation.

LESCALLOY 15-5 VAC-ARC

Alloy Digest ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Delta Ferrite ◽  
Clean Steel ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting

Abstract LESCALLOY 15-5 VAC-ARC is a precipitation hardening martensitic stainless steel with minimal delta ferrite. Vacuum arc remelting in the production of the alloy provides a low gas content, clean steel with optimum transverse properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-522. Producer or source: Latrobe Steel Company.

VASCOMAX T-300

Alloy Digest ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract VASCOMAX T-300 is an 18% nickel maraging steel in which titanium is the primary strengthening agent. It develops a tensile strength of about 300,000 psi with simple heat treatment. The alloy is produced by Vacuum Induction Melting/Vacuum Arc Remelting. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-454. Producer or source: Teledyne Vasco.

ALLVAC Ti-15Mo

Alloy Digest ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Beta Alloy ◽  
Metastable Beta

Abstract Allvac Ti-15Mo is a metastable beta alloy melted in a vacuum arc remelting (VAR) furnace to minimize segregation. The alloy has a unique combination of properties and is used in the medical, chemical, and aerospace industries. This datasheet provides information on composition. Filing Code: TI-136. Producer or source: Allvac, an Allegheny Technologies Company.

FINKL 420M PREMIUM QUALITY

Alloy Digest ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Aisi 420

Abstract Finkl 420 Premium Quality stainless steel is a modification of AISI 420 with vacuum arc degassing and vacuum arc remelting. The modification results in a refined structure yielding cleanliness, strength, and isotropic properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and hardness. It also includes information on heat treating. Filing Code: SS-707. Producer or source: A. Finkl & Sons Company.

Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Thermal Stress Development During VAR of Ingots

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Alam ◽  
K. K. Wong ◽  
S. L. Semiatin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Aerospace Materials ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
High Cooling Rates ◽  
Dc Arc

Abstract The vacuum arc remelting (VAR) process has been developed to melt and cast high quality aerospace materials such as titanium alloys. VAR comprises the continuous remelting of a consumable electrode by means of a dc arc under vacuum or a low partial pressure of argon. The molten metal solidifies in a water-cooled copper crucible leading to high cooling rates that often results in large thermal stresses. The development of temperature gradients and the resulting thermal stresses during the VAR processes was investigated using an elasto-plastic material model with temperature dependent thermomechanical properties. Detailed solutions were obtained by using the commercial finite element code ABAQUS.

Modelling of plasma generation and expansion in a vacuum arc: application to the vacuum arc remelting process

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Chapelle ◽  
J P Bellot ◽  
H Duval ◽  
A Jardy ◽  
D Ablitzer
Keyword(s):  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Plasma Generation ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting

Modeling of the Vacuum Arc Remelting Process for Estimation and Control of the Liquid Pool Profile

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Beaman ◽  
Luis Felipe Lopez ◽  
Rodney L. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Liquid Pool ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Equations ◽  
Pool Profile ◽  
Estimation And Control ◽  
Molten Liquid

Vacuum arc remelting (VAR) is an industrial metallurgical process widely used throughout the specialty metals industry to cast large alloy ingots. The final ingot grain structure is strongly influenced by the molten metal pool profile, which in turn depends on the temperature distribution in the ingot. A reduced-order model of the solidifying ingot was developed specifically for dynamic control and estimation of the depth of molten liquid pool atop the ingot in a VAR process. This model accounts only for the thermal aspects of the system ignoring other physical domains such as fluid flow and electromagnetic effects. Spectral methods were used to obtain a set of nonlinear dynamic equations which capture the transient characteristics of liquid pool profile variations around a quasi-steady operating condition. These nonlinear equations are then linearized and further simplified by suppressing fast modes. The resulting system was used to construct a linear-quadratic-gaussian (LQG) controller which was tested in a laboratory-scale furnace showing a good performance. A high-fidelity physics-based model is used in real-time to provide information about the solidifying ingot and potential solidification defects.

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