scholarly journals Bionic Organs: Shear Forces Reduce Pancreatic Islet and Mammalian Cell Viability during the Process of 3D Bioprinting

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Marta Klak ◽  
Patrycja Kowalska ◽  
Tomasz Dobrzański ◽  
Grzegorz Tymicki ◽  
Piotr Cywoniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Carrier Solution ◽  
Human Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Cell Carrier ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Extrusion Method

Background: 3D bioprinting is the future of constructing functional organs. Creating a bioactive scaffold with pancreatic islets presents many challenges. The aim of this paper is to assess how the 3D bioprinting process affects islet viability. Methods: The BioX 3D printer (Cellink), 600 μm inner diameter nozzles, and 3% (w/v) alginate cell carrier solution were used with rat, porcine, and human pancreatic islets. Islets were divided into a control group (culture medium) and 6 experimental groups (each subjected to specific pressure between 15 and 100 kPa). FDA/PI staining was performed to assess the viability of islets. Analogous studies were carried out on α-cells, β-cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Results: Viability of human pancreatic islets was as follows: 92% for alginate-based control and 94%, 90%, 74%, 48%, 61%, and 59% for 15, 25, 30, 50, 75, and 100 kPa, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between control and 50, 75, and 100 kPa, respectively. Similar observations were made for porcine and rat islets. Conclusions: Optimal pressure during 3D bioprinting with pancreatic islets by the extrusion method should be lower than 30 kPa while using 3% (w/v) alginate as a carrier.

Des-Acyl Ghrelin Fragments and Analogues Promote Survival of Pancreatic β-Cells and Human Pancreatic Islets and Prevent Diabetes in Streptozotocin-Treated Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 2585-2596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccarda Granata ◽  
Fabio Settanni ◽  
Michel Julien ◽  
Rita Nano ◽  
Gabriele Togliatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells ◽  
Human Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin

scholarly journals Palmitate Activates Autophagy in INS-1E β-Cells and in Isolated Rat and Human Pancreatic Islets

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e36188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Martino ◽  
Matilde Masini ◽  
Michela Novelli ◽  
Pascale Beffy ◽  
Marco Bugliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Human Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Isolated Rat

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 receptor Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme type 2 (ACE2) is expressed in human pancreatic β-cells and in the human pancreas microvasculature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Fignani ◽  
Giada Licata ◽  
Noemi Brusco ◽  
Laura Nigi ◽  
Giuseppina E. Grieco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin I ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Human Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Ductal Cells ◽  
Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme

AbstractIncreasing evidence demonstrated that the expression of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme type 2 (ACE2), is a necessary step for SARS-CoV-2 infection permissiveness. In the light of the recent data highlighting an association between COVID-19 and diabetes, a detailed analysis aimed at evaluating ACE2 expression pattern distribution in human pancreas is still lacking. Here, we took advantage of INNODIA network EUnPOD biobank collection to thoroughly analyse ACE2, both at mRNA and protein level, in multiple human pancreatic tissues and using several methodologies.Using multiple reagents and antibodies, we showed that ACE2 is expressed in human pancreatic islets, where it is preferentially expressed in subsets of insulin producing β-cells. ACE2 is also is highly expressed in pancreas microvasculature pericytes and moderately expressed in rare scattered ductal cells. By using different ACE2 antibodies we showed that a recently described short-ACE2 isoform is also prevalently expressed in human β-cells.Finally, using RT-qPCR, RNA-seq and High-Content imaging screening analysis, we demonstrated that pro-inflammatory cytokines, but not palmitate, increases ACE2 expression in the β-cell line EndoC-βH1 and in primary human pancreatic islets.Taken together, our data indicate a potential link between SARS-CoV-2 and diabetes through putative infection of pancreatic microvasculature and/or ductal cells and/or through direct β-cell virus tropism.

scholarly journals Palmitate-induced lipotoxicity alters acetylation of multiple proteins in clonal β cells and human pancreatic islets

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Ciregia ◽  
Marco Bugliani ◽  
Maurizio Ronci ◽  
Laura Giusti ◽  
Claudia Boldrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Human Pancreatic Islets

scholarly journals Persistent Infection of Human Pancreatic Islets by Coxsackievirus B Is Associated with Alpha Interferon Synthesis in β Cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (21) ◽  
pp. 10153-10164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wassim Chehadeh ◽  
Julie Kerr-Conte ◽  
François Pattou ◽  
Gunar Alm ◽  
Jean Lefebvre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Human Islets ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Alpha Interferon ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Human Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Vp1 Capsid Protein

ABSTRACT The interactions of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), CVB4E2 (diabetogenic), and CVB4JBV (nondiabetogenic) strains with human pancreatic islets from eight adult brain-dead donors were investigated. Persistent replication of viruses in human islets was proved by detection of viral RNA by in situ hybridization, VP1 capsid protein by immunofluorescence (IF) staining, negative-strand viral RNA by reverse transcription-PCR in extracted RNA from islets, and release of infectious particles up to 30 days after infection without obvious cytolysis. By double IF staining, glucagon-containing α cells and insulin-containing β cells were shown to be susceptible to CVB. The persistence of CVB3 and CVB4 in islet cells was associated with the chronic synthesis of alpha interferon (IFN-α), as evidenced by the detection of IFN-α mRNA and immunoreactive IFN-α with antiviral activity. By double IF staining, IFN-α was detected in insulin-producing β cells only. Experiments with neutralizing anti-coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) antibodies provided evidence that CAR was expressed by α and β cells and that it played a role in the infection of these cells with CVB and the consecutive IFN-α expression in β cells. The viral replication and the expression of IFN-α in islets were not restricted to the CVB4E2 diabetogenic strain and did not depend on the genetic background of the host. The neutralization of endogenous IFN-α significantly enhanced the CVB replication in islet cells and resulted in rapid destruction of islets. Thus, human β cells can harbor a persistent CVB infection, and CVB-induced IFN-α plays a role in the initiation and/or maintenance of chronic CVB infection in human islets.

scholarly journals Author Correction: Atorvastatin but Not Pravastatin Impairs Mitochondrial Function in Human Pancreatic Islets and Rat β-Cells. Direct Effect of Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Urbano ◽  
Marco Bugliani ◽  
Agnese Filippello ◽  
Alessandra Scamporrino ◽  
Stefania Di Mauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Human Pancreatic Islets

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

scholarly journals Culture Medium Modulates Proinflammatory Conditions of Human Pancreatic Islets Before Transplantation

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2791-2795 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marzorati ◽  
B. Antonioli ◽  
R. Nano ◽  
P. Maffi ◽  
L. Piemonti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Human Pancreatic Islets

scholarly journals Mechanism and regulation of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) uptake by mouse and human pancreatic β-cells/islets: physiological and molecular aspects

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (9) ◽  
pp. G1052-G1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhisek Ghosal ◽  
Hamid M. Said
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells ◽  
Human Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Primary Mouse ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Interfering Rna ◽  
First Time

Riboflavin (RF) is essential for the normal metabolic activities of pancreatic β-cells and provides protection against oxidative stress. Very little is known about the mechanism of RF uptake by these cells and how the process is regulated. We addressed these issues using mouse-derived pancreatic β-TC-6 cells and freshly isolated primary mouse and human pancreatic islets. Our results showed 3H-RF uptake by β-TC-6 cells is Na+ independent, cis inhibited by RF-related compounds, trans stimulated by unlabeled RF, and saturable as a function of concentration (apparent Km of 0.17 ± 0.02 μM). The latter findings suggest involvement of a carrier-mediated process. Similarly, RF uptake by primary mouse and human pancreatic islets was via carrier-mediated process. RF transporters 1, 2, and 3 (RFVT-1, -3, and -2) were all expressed in mouse and human pancreatic β-cells/islets, with RFVT-1 being the predominant transporter expressed in the mouse and RFVT-3 in the human. Specific knockdown of RFVT-1 with gene-specific small interfering RNA leads to a significant inhibition in RF uptake by β-TC-6 cells. RF uptake by β-TC-6 cells was also found to be adaptively upregulated in RF deficiency via a transcriptional mechanism(s). Also, the process appears to be under the regulation of a Ca2+/calmodulin-mediated regulatory pathway. Results of these studies demonstrate, for the first time, the involvement of a carrier-mediated process for RF uptake by mouse and human pancreatic β-cells/islets. Furthermore, the process appears to be regulated by extracellular and intracellular factors.

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