Antiprotozoal Activity of Turkish Origanum onites Essential Oil and Its Components

Essential oil of Origanum species is well known for antimicrobial activity, but only a few have been evaluated in narrow spectrum antiprotozoal assays. Herein, we assessed the antiprotozoal potential of Turkish Origanum onites L. oil and its major constituents against a panel of parasitic protozoa. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation from the dried herbal parts of O. onites and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The in vitro activity of the oil and its major components were evaluated against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi, Leishmania donovani, and Plasmodium falciparum. The main component of the oil was identified as carvacrol (70.6%), followed by linalool (9.7%), p-cymene (7%), γ-terpinene (2.1%), and thymol (1.8%). The oil showed significant in vitro activity against T. b. rhodesiense (IC50 180 ng/mL), and moderate antileishmanial and antiplasmodial effects, without toxicity to mammalian cells. Carvacrol, thymol, and 10 additional abundant oil constituents were tested against the same panel; carvacrol and thymol retained the oil’s in vitro antiparasitic potency. In the T. b. brucei mouse model, thymol, but not carvacrol, extended the mean survival of animals. This study indicates the potential of the essential oil of O. onites and its constituents in the treatment of protozoal infections.

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In Vitro Activity of Foeniculum vulgare and Its Main Essential Oil Component Trans-Anethole on Trichomonas vaginalis

Iranian Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.18502/ijpa.v14i4.2106 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Faezeh KARAMI ◽

Dara DASTAN ◽

Mohammad FALLAH ◽

Mohammad MATINI

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Major Constituent ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Foeniculum Vulgare

Background: Trichomoniasis is one of the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infections worldwide which drug-resistant cases of the infection are rising. The aim of the study was to assessment the in vitro activity of Foeniculum vulgare and its main essential oil component on Trichomonas vaginalis. Also phytochemical investigation of F. vulgare essential oil was performed. Methods: Five T. vaginalis isolates subjected to susceptibility testing against essential oil and extracts of F. vulgare and anethole using microtiter plate method. The minimum lethal concentration (MLC) of the natural products was assessed in comparison with metronidazole. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector was applied for chemical investigation of the essential oil. Results: After 48 hours incubation, the most potent antitrichomonal agents were the methanolic and hexanic extract with MLC of 360 µg/ml and followed by the essential oil and anethole (1600 µg/ml). The isolates were sensitive to metronidazole with a mean MLC of 13.7 µg/ml. E-Anethole (88.41 %) was the major constituent of F. vulgare essential oil. Conclusion: The results suggested in vitro antiprotozoal properties of F. vulgare and anethole against T. vaginalis. Therefore further studies are needed to evaluate their in vivo effects and toxicity.

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Melissa officinalis essential oil loaded glycerosomes: preparation and in vitro activity evaluation against herpes labialis (HSV-1)

10.1055/s-0039-3399654 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

G Vanti ◽

V Dourdouni ◽

D Lazari ◽

C Panagiotidis ◽

SG Ntallis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

Herpes Labialis ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Melissa Officinalis ◽

Activity Evaluation ◽

Hsv 1

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In vitro activity of the essential oil from Hesperozygis myrtoides on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and Haemonchus contortus

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia ◽

10.1016/j.bjp.2016.08.005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 70-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Caroline V.V. Castilho ◽

Rafaela R. Fantatto ◽

Yousmel A. Gaínza ◽

Humberto R. Bizzo ◽

Nancy S. Barbi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Boophilus Microplus ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

In Vitro Activity

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In Vitro Study of Multi-Therapeutic Properties of Thymus bovei Benth. Essential Oil and Its Main Component for Promoting Their Use in Clinical Practice

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm7090283 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 283 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sherif Hassan ◽

Kateřina Berchová-Bímová ◽

Miroslava Šudomová ◽

Milan Malaník ◽

Karel Šmejkal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Structural Parameters ◽

Antihypertensive Agents ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Main Component

Thymus bovei Benth. (TB) is an important plant in the traditional medicine of the Mediterranean region. This study investigates the health-promoting properties of TB essential oil (TB-EO) for its possible use in clinical practice with regards to its cytotoxic, anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and antihypertensive (through inhibition of human angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACE) properties. The phytochemical profile of EO (99.9%) was analyzed by Gas Chromatography with Flame-Ionization Detection (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). In this study, all biological methods were performed at the level of in vitro studies. The results showed that TB-EO exerted remarked cytotoxic properties against human cervical carcinoma cells, colon cancer cells, and lung adenocarcinoma cells with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 7.22, 9.30, and 8.62 µg/mL, respectively, in comparison with that of standard anticancer drug cisplatin with IC50 values of 4.24, 5.21, and 5.43 µg/mL, respectively. Fascinatingly, TB-EO showed very weak cytotoxicity on the healthy human fetal lung fibroblast cells with an IC50 value of 118.34 µg/mL compared with that of cisplatin (IC50 = 10.08 µg/mL). TB-EO, its main component geraniol, TB-EO combined with acyclovir (ACV) along with standard ACV, have displayed pronounced inhibitory properties against the replication of HSV-2 with the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of 2.13, 1.92, 0.81 and 1.94 µg/mL, respectively, with corresponding selectivity indices (SI) 98.59, 109.38, 259.26 and 108.25, respectively. TB-EO and geraniol at a concentration of 15 µg/mL showed prominent inhibitory activities against ACE with % of inhibition 95.4% and 92.2%, respectively, compared with that of standard inhibitor captopril (99.8%; 15 µg/mL). Molecular docking studies were performed to unveil the mechanism of action of geraniol as well as structural parameters necessary for anti-HSV-2 activity (through the inhibition of HSV-2 protease) and ACE inhibition. This is the first report on the chemical composition of Egyptian TB-EO along with the above-mentioned biological activities. Our results may be considered as novel findings in the course of a search for new and active anticancer, anti-HSV-2 and antihypertensive agents, and expand the medicinal value of this plant and its phytochemicals in clinical practice.

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Anti-Legionella Activity of Essential Oil of Satureja cuneifolia

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1400900534 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 1934578X1400900

Author(s):

Valerija Dunkić ◽

Antonija Mikrut ◽

Nada Bezić

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

High Concentration ◽

Different Sources

The essential oil of Satureja cuneifolia Ten. was characterized by a high concentration of the phenolic compounds carvacrol (21.3%) and thymol (9.2%). The in vitro activity of the essential oil against Legionela pneumophila serogroups (SG) 1 and 2-15 and Legionella spp. from different sources, using micro-dilution, showed that L. pneumofila is sensitive to the oil, with MICs ranging from 0.12 to 0.5%, v/v, and a MBC at 0.5 to 1%, v/v. The essential oil of S. cuneifolia was effective in the reduction of Legionellosis infections.

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