scholarly journals Bismuth Subnitrate-Catalyzed Markovnikov-Type Alkyne Hydrations under Batch and Continuous Flow Conditions

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2864
Author(s):  
Zsanett Szécsényi ◽  
Ferenc Fülöp ◽  
Sándor B. Ötvös
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Methyl Ketones ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Ready Availability ◽  
Bismuth Subnitrate ◽  
Terminal Acetylenes

Bismuth subnitrate is reported herein as a simple and efficient catalyst for the atom-economical synthesis of methyl ketones via Markovnikov-type alkyne hydration. Besides an effective batch process under reasonably mild conditions, a chemically intensified continuous flow protocol was also developed in a packed-bed system. The applicability of the methodologies was demonstrated through hydration of a diverse set of terminal acetylenes. By simply switching the reaction medium from methanol to methanol-d4, valuable trideuteromethyl ketones were also prepared. Due to the ready availability and nontoxicity of the heterogeneous catalyst, which eliminated the need for any special additives and/or harmful reagents, the presented processes display significant advances in terms of practicality and sustainability.

Rapid synthesis of propyl caffeate in ionic liquid using a packed bed enzyme microreactor under continuous-flow conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Shuang-Shuang Gu ◽  
Hong-Sheng Cui ◽  
Liu-Qing Yang ◽  
Xiang-Yang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Rapid Synthesis

Ultra-fast Cu-based A3-coupling catalysts: faceted Cu2O microcrystals as efficient catalyst-delivery systems in batch and flow conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huizhi Bao ◽  
Alain Y. Li ◽  
Vanessa Kairouz ◽  
Audrey Moores
Keyword(s):  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Thermal Heating ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Cu Contamination ◽  
Drug Synthesis ◽  
A3 Coupling

Cu(I) catalysts were studied for the synthesis of a propargylamine via A3-coupling of aldehyde, amine, and alkyne, under solvent-free and low loading conditions, using batch microwave or flow thermal heating. We explore ultra-low loading conditions with Cu(I) salts as ultra fast and active catalysts featuring TOFs above 105 h-1. Well-defined octahedral and cubic Cu2O microcrystals were also successfully applied and compared to this reaction. Both types of microcrystals exhibited excellent catalytic activities within minutes, via in-situ generation of low dose of Cu(I) ions within the reaction medium, to achieve TON beyond 2000 and recycling up to 10 times in a flow reactor. The study of the catalytic system demonstrated that the activity was surface-structure dependent and allowed for the design of low Cu contamination A3-coupling systems, affording a product at the decigram scale, with Cu contamination below FDA recommendations for drug synthesis, without the need for a purification procedure.

Photodecarboxylative Benzylations of N-Methoxyphthalimide under Batch and Continuous-Flow Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Mohammadkhani Pordanjani ◽  
Christian Faderl ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Cherie A. Motti ◽  
Peter C. Junk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Methoxy Group ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Reaction Conditions

A series of photodecarboxylative benzylations of N-methoxyphthalimide were successfully realised using easily accessible starting materials. The reactions proceeded smoothly and the corresponding benzylated hydroxyphthalimidines were obtained in moderate to good yields of 52–73 %. No competing photoinduced dealkoxylation of the N-methoxy group was observed. The reaction with potassium phenylacetate was subsequently investigated in an advanced continuous-flow photoreactor. The reactor allowed rapid optimization of the reaction conditions and gave the desired benzylated product in higher yield and shorter irradiation time compared with the batch process.

Expanding the scope of enzymatic carboligation reactions in flow-mode: production of optically active tertiary alcohols with packed-bed micro-bioreactors

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 3904-3915 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. Giovannini ◽  
O. Bortolini ◽  
A. Cavazzini ◽  
R. Greco ◽  
G. Fantin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Optically Active ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Tertiary Alcohols ◽  
Chiral Tertiary Alcohols ◽  
Mode Production

A packed-bed microreactor functionalized with acetylacetoin synthase effectively produces valuable chiral tertiary alcohols under continuous-flow conditions via umpolung catalysis.

scholarly journals Metal-porphyrin catalyzed aziridination of α-methylstyrene: Batch vs. flow process

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (04-06) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Intrieri ◽  
Sergio Rossi ◽  
Alessandra Puglisi ◽  
Emma Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Dft Calculations ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Porphyrin Ring ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Metal Porphyrin ◽  
Flow Process ◽  
Influence Of Substituents

This work describes the aziridination process of [Formula: see text]-methylstyrene by using electron poor aromatic azides in the presence of metal-based porphyrins as catalysts. Different ruthenium and cobalt-based porphyrins were successfully employed for the synthesis of [Formula: see text]-aryl aziridines performed under a traditional batch methodology and under continuous flow conditions. In general, yields obtained using ruthenium-based catalysts in a traditional batch process were higher than those observed when the reaction was performed under flow conditions. However, cobalt-based porphyrins showed better activities and short reaction times when employed in a flow system process. DFT calculations were also performed in order to understand the influence of substituents on the porphyrin ring in the aziridination process.

scholarly journals Continuous-flow enantioselective α-aminoxylation of aldehydes catalyzed by a polystyrene-immobilized hydroxyproline

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1486-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xacobe C Cambeiro ◽  
Rafael Martín-Rapún ◽  
Pedro O Miranda ◽  
Sonia Sayalero ◽  
Esther Alza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Optical Purity ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Packed Bed Reactors ◽  
Effective Catalyst ◽  
Fold Reduction

The application of polystyrene-immobilized proline-based catalysts in packed-bed reactors for the continuous-flow, direct, enantioselective α-aminoxylation of aldehydes is described. The system allows the easy preparation of a series of β-aminoxy alcohols (after a reductive workup) with excellent optical purity and with an effective catalyst loading of ca. 2.5% (four-fold reduction compared to the batch process) working at residence times of ca. 5 min.

Design of a continuous flow immobilized-cell reactor for biosynthetical production of L-aspartic acid

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 2122-2133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jindřich Zahradník ◽  
Marie Fialová ◽  
Jan Škoda ◽  
Helena Škodová
Keyword(s):  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Immobilized Cell

An experimental study was carried out aimed at establishing a data base for an optimum design of a continuous flow fixed-bed reactor for biotransformation of ammonium fumarate to L-aspartic acid catalyzed by immobilized cells of the strain Escherichia alcalescens dispar group. The experimental program included studies of the effect of reactor geometry, catalytic particle size, and packed bed arrangement on reactor hydrodynamics and on the rate of substrate conversion. An expression for the effective reaction rate was derived including the effect of mass transfer and conditions of the safe conversion-data scale-up were defined. Suggestions for the design of a pilot plant reactor (100 t/year) were formulated and decisive design parameters of such reactor were estimated for several variants of problem formulation.

Metal–organic frameworks for the removal of the emerging contaminant atenolol under real conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 2493-2500
Author(s):  
Sara Rojas ◽  
Jorge A. R. Navarro ◽  
Patricia Horcajada
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Emerging Contaminant ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Fixed Bed System

A defective Metal-Organic Frameworks as an improved material for the construction of a fixed-bed system working under continuous flow conditions for the removal of the emerging contaminant atenolol.

scholarly journals Formation and Utility of Reactive Ketene Intermediates Under Continuous Flow Conditions

Tetrahedron ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 132305
Author(s):  
Harry R. Smallman ◽  
Jamie A. Leitch ◽  
Tom McBride ◽  
Steven V. Ley ◽  
Duncan L. Browne
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions
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