scholarly journals Consumption of Sinlek Rice Drink Improved Red Cell Indices in Anemic Elderly Subjects

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6285
Author(s):  
Peerasak Lerttrakarnnon ◽  
Winthana Kusirisin ◽  
Pimpisid Koonyosying ◽  
Ben Flemming ◽  
Niramon Utama-ang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Red Cell Indices ◽  
Group A

Iron fortifications are used for the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia; however, iron dosing may cause oxidative damage to the gut lumen. Thai Sinlek rice is abundant in iron and contains phytochemicals. We aimed at evaluating the effect of an iron-rice (IR) hydrolysate drink (100 mL/serving) on neurological function, red cell indices and iron status in elders. Healthy elderly subjects were divided into three non-anemic groups and one anemic group. The non-anemic groups consumed one WR (2 mg iron/serving) and two IR drinks (15 and 27 mg iron/serving) (groups A, B and D, respectively), while the anemic group consumed one IR drink (15 mg iron serving) (group C) every day for 30 days. There were no significant differences in the MMSE Thai 2002 and PHQ9 test scores for members of all groups, while the nutrition scores and body weight values of group D subjects were significantly increased. Hemoglobin (Hb) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations increased significantly only in group C. Serum iron and transferrin saturation levels tended to increase in group A, while these levels were decreased in members of group C. Serum antioxidant activity levels were increased in all groups, and were highest in group C. Thus, consumption of an IR drink for 15 days functioned to increase Hb and antioxidant capacity levels in anemic elders.

scholarly journals Inherited microcytic anemias

Hematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Maria Domenica Cappellini ◽  
Roberta Russo ◽  
Immacolata Andolfo ◽  
Achille Iolascon
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Microcytic Anemia ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Distribution Width

Abstract Inherited microcytic anemias can be broadly classified into 3 subgroups: (1) defects in globin chains (hemoglobinopathies or thalassemias), (2) defects in heme synthesis, and (3) defects in iron availability or iron acquisition by the erythroid precursors. These conditions are characterized by a decreased availability of hemoglobin (Hb) components (globins, iron, and heme) that in turn causes a reduced Hb content in red cell precursors with subsequent delayed erythroid differentiation. Iron metabolism alterations remain central to the diagnosis of microcytic anemia, and, in general, the iron status has to be evaluated in cases of microcytosis. Besides the very common microcytic anemia due to acquired iron deficiency, a range of hereditary abnormalities that result in actual or functional iron deficiency are now being recognized. Atransferrinemia, DMT1 deficiency, ferroportin disease, and iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia are hereditary disorders due to iron metabolism abnormalities, some of which are associated with iron overload. Because causes of microcytosis other than iron deficiency should be considered, it is important to evaluate several other red blood cell and iron parameters in patients with a reduced mean corpuscular volume (MCV), including mean corpuscular hemoglobin, red blood cell distribution width, reticulocyte hemoglobin content, serum iron and serum ferritin levels, total iron-binding capacity, transferrin saturation, hemoglobin electrophoresis, and sometimes reticulocyte count. From the epidemiological perspective, hemoglobinopathies/thalassemias are the most common forms of hereditary microcytic anemia, ranging from inconsequential changes in MCV to severe anemia syndromes.

scholarly journals Correlation of red cell indices and hemoglobin concentration with serum ferritin among iron deficiency anemia patients

Biomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-273
Author(s):  
N. L Sharanya Raj ◽  
U Ajay Sharma ◽  
M. L Revathi Devi ◽  
S. M Purushothama ◽  
S. N Manjunath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Red Cell Indices

Introduction and Aim: Iron deficiency anemia is the commonest cause of anemia in developing country like India in all age groups. It is most easy to prevent as well as to treat. Its diagnosis and treatment are based on serum ferritin levels in developed countries which is not possible in India at primary healthcare setting. This study was undertaken to explore if red cell indices could replace serum ferritin in detecting iron deficiency. Materials and Methods: Study of association of red cell indices like Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Red cell Distribution Width (RDW) and Hemoglobin concentration (Hb%) with iron deficiency anemia and the correlation of these Red cell indices and Hb% with serum ferritin was done in 220 anemia patients of all age groups with Hb% <12g/dL. Results: Descriptive data showed skewed distribution of serum ferritin. Statistically significant reduction in all red cell indices values among iron deficiency anemia patients and statistically significant correlation of all red cell indices values except red cell distribution width with serum ferritin was found. Conclusion: Unlike developed countries we can use simple estimation of hemoglobin concentration along with red cell indices for diagnosing iron deficiency anemia in primary healthcare setting of India.  

scholarly journals A comparative study on selected iron status assessment assays among secondary school students in Bauchi State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rufai A. Dachi ◽  
Sani Awwalu ◽  
Aliyu D. Waziri ◽  
Kasim M. Pindiga ◽  
Usman M. Abjah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
School Students ◽  
Red Cell Indices

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common form of anemia worldwide, with highest burden in developing countries. The assays used in detecting iron deficiency comprise of red blood cell indices such as Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin and Mean Corpuscular Volume, serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (STfR) and STfRL-index. Each of these assessment tools has its drawback(s). This study was conducted to assess IDA diagnostic inter-rater agreements between red cell indices, serum ferritin, STfR and STfLF-Index. A cross sectional descriptive study using systematic random sampling of eligible secondary school students in Misau LGA, Bauchi State, Nigeria. Complete Blood Count with cellular indices, serum ferritin and STfR assays were conducted. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Proportions were compared using Z-tests of proportions. Cohen’s Un-weighted kappa analyses were used to assess pairwise agreements in the ability of STfLF-Index, serum ferritin, STfR and red cell indices to classify participants into IDA and non-IDA. Level of significance was set at P≤0.05. A total of 210 participants were enrolled in the study with females constituting 153 (72.9%). STfLF-Index, STfR, serum ferritin levels and red cell indices revealed that 130/210 (61.9%), 160/210(76.2%), 7/210 (3.3%) and 112/210 (53.3%) respectively had iron deficiency. STfR revealed a significantly higher percentage of students with iron deficiency compared to serum ferritin, STfLF-Index and red cell indices. Assessment of iron deficiency showed concurrence between STfR and STfLF-Index. STfR and STfLF-Index have similar ability in classifying iron status.

scholarly journals Laboratory tests of iron status: correlation or common sense?

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 718-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hastka ◽  
J J Lasserre ◽  
A Schwarzbeck ◽  
A Reiter ◽  
R Hehlmann
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Zinc Protoporphyrin ◽  
Iron Supply ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Red Cell Indices ◽  
Total Body

Abstract We demonstrate that simple correlation between the various tests of iron status is not sufficient for examining their value in diagnosing iron deficiency (ID). Three degrees of ID are recognized: Iron depletion (ID grade I) is defined by decreased total body iron and normal iron support to erythropoiesis, as diagnosed by decreased storage iron, decreased ferritin, normal sideroblast count, normal zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), and transferrin saturation &gt;15%. When the iron supply to erythropoiesis becomes insufficient, as diagnosed by transferrin saturation &lt; or = 15%, increased ZPP, and decreased sideroblast count, iron-deficient erythropoiesis (ID grade II) occurs. When finally hemoglobin is below its normal range, iron-deficiency anemia (ID grade III) results. The various tests for ID cannot be compared without taking into account the severity of the deficiency. Depending on the grade of ID examined, the correlation of markers seen in our patients' data varied considerably. We conclude that a "best" marker of ID does not exist. However, the different tests efficiently complement each other by detecting different stages and individually show the clinical extent of ID. Ferritin reflects the iron stores. ZPP indicates whether the ID in a given patient is clinically relevant or not. Finally, the extent of a clinically relevant ID can be assessed by the measured ZPP, hemoglobin concentration, and red cell indices.

scholarly journals Assessment of Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Non-transferrin Bound Iron After Oral Ferrous Sulfate and Iron-enriched Aspergillus Oryzae Supplementation in Women (P24-039-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Bries ◽  
Chong Wang ◽  
Brian Wels ◽  
Isaac Agbemafle ◽  
Olivia Meier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Supplements

Abstract Objectives Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a widespread nutritional deficiency. Iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) is the most common strategy to treat IDA; however, the compliance with daily FeSO4 administration is poor, due to contraindicating side effects. Previously, we have reported that A. oryzae (Ultimine®; ULT) is a novel iron source. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the biochemical assessment, non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI) and commonly related gastrointestinal side effects to assess the safety of A. oryzae compared to FeSO4. Methods Female participants (n = 16) with serum ferritin concentrations 40 µg/L were randomized to a double-blind, 9-wk cross-over study with a 3-wk placebo washout period between treatments. Oral iron supplements (65 mg Fe), FeSO4 and ULT were administered for 21 consecutive days for each subject. Side effect questionnaires were collected 3d/wk over the 9-wk study period. Side effects and biochemical markers (nausea, heartburn, abdominal pain, fatigue, headache, diarrhea, constipation, oxidative stress and liver and kidney function) from iron supplementation were evaluated, along with serum iron, % transferrin saturation (TS) and NBTI 8 h curves. Results Serum iron, TS, and NTBI were all markedly higher with FeSO4 at each time-point from 2–8 hours (P < 0.001) compared to ULT, whereas NTBI was undetected. Among treatments, FeSO4 resulted in higher inflammation, though not statistically significant. Compliance based on returned pills was higher with ULT (97.3%) than placebo and FeSO4 (95.2% and 93.2%, respectively). Subjects taking FeSO4 reported abdominal discomfort 2% more than ULT, which was not significantly different. FeSO4 caused marginally higher incidence of combined nauseation, constipation and diarrhea when subjects were taking FeSO4 (P < 0.07). Iron status was maintained similarly by both oral iron supplements. Oxidative stress, inflammation, kidney and liver function markers were not elevated with ULT supplementation, suggesting safety of its consumption. Conclusions Better compliance and less gastrointestinal related side effects were reported with ULT compared to FeSO4, while maintaining normal iron status. Our data suggests ULT is a safe oral iron supplement for treatment of IDA. Funding Sources Cura Global Health, Inc.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the iron status of a population

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Cook ◽  
CA Finch ◽  
NJ Smith
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Menstruating Women ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Abstract The iron status of a population of 1564 subjects living in the northwestern United States was evaluated by measurements of transferrin saturation, red cell protoporphyrin, and serum ferritin. The frequency distribution of these parameters showed no distinct separation between normal and iron-deficient subjects. When only one of these three parameters was abnormal (transferrin saturation below 15%, red cell protoporphyrin above 100 mug/ml packed red blood cells, serum ferritin below 12 ng/ml), the prevalence of anemia was only slightly greater (10.9%) than in the entire sample (8.3%). The prevalence of anemia was increased to 28% in individuals with two or more abnormal parameters, and to 63% when all three parameters were abnormal. As defined by the presence of at least two abnormal parameters, the prevalence of iron deficiency in various populations separated on the basis of age and sex ranged from 3% in adolescent and adult males to 20% in menstruating women. It is concluded that the accuracy of detecting iron deficiency in population surveys can be substantially improved by employing a battery of laboratory measurements of the iron status.

scholarly journals Serum ferritin and red blood cell indices in infants of diabetic mothers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Baki ◽  
Shahida Akhter ◽  
Jebun Nahar ◽  
Fauzia Mohsin ◽  
Shareen Khan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Serum Ferritin Level ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Red Cell Indices ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Background: Fetal iron stores are affected by maternal diabetes and it is lower at birth in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs). Risks for developing iron deficiency and neurocognitive impairment are reported in IDMs. This study was done to assess serum ferritin and red cell indices in IDMs and to compare the values with infants born to mothers without diabetes mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at BIRDEM General Hospital from March to October, 2018. Total 102 full term neonates were included in this study. Among them 70 neonates were IDMs and 32 were infants born to mother without diabetes mellitus. Serum ferritin and red cell indices like hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW) were measured within 48 hours of birth. Comparison of red cell indices and serum ferritin level were done between IDMs and infants of non-diabetes mothers. Statistical analysis was performed by using Epi info, and p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: IDMs had significantly higher value of Hb% (19.00 vs 17.47 g/dl), PCV (57.60 vs 52.67 %) and RDW (20.09 vs17.77 %) than infant of non-diabetic mother (p <0.05). But there was no significant difference regarding the values of MCV, MCH and MCHC between IDMs and infants of non-diabetic mothers (p >0.05). Serum ferritin level was found significantly low in IDMs (94.51 vs 307.50 ng/ml, p <0.001). Conclusion: Iron stores of IDMs were found significantly lower at birth despite higher hemoglobin content, as indicated by lower serum ferritin level. Further studies and long-term follow up are needed to determine whether these infants are at risk for developing iron deficiency anemia or iron-deficient neurocognitive disorder Birdem Med J 2020; 10(3): 182-186

scholarly journals Role of red cell distribution width (RDW) in the detection of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy within the first 20 weeks of gestation

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
GS Sultana ◽  
SA Haque ◽  
T Sultana ◽  
Q Rahman ◽  
ANN Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Red Cell Distribution Width ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Iron Deficient

Iron deficiency anemia is common problem during pregnancy. Red cell size variation (anisocytosis) is the earliest morphologic changes in iron deficiency anemia. Red cell distribution width is a quantitative measure of red cell size variation and it can give the idea of early iron deficiency before other test to become positive.190 pregnant women were included in this study. Red cell distribution width was compared between iron deficient & non-iron deficient pregnant women. Red cell distribution width also compared with Hb level, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and peripheral blood film in prelatent iron deficiency, latent iron deficiency, mild and moderate iron deficiency anemia. Red cell distribution width had sensitivity 82.3% and specificity 97.4%. Whereas Hb level, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and peripheral blood film all had 56.6%, 29.2%, 68.1%, 15% and 38.9% sensitivity but specificity was 90.9%, 98.7%, 83.1%, 96.1% and 98.7% in the detection of iron deficiency. Red cell distribution width appears to be a reliable and useful parameter for detection of iron deficiency during pregnancy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v37i3.9122 BMRCB 2011; 37(3): 102-105

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