scholarly journals Poor Bifidobacterial Colonization Is Associated with Late Provision of Colostrum and Improved with Probiotic Supplementation in Low Birth Weight Infants

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunori Tanaka ◽  
Yoshitaka Nakamura ◽  
Masaki Terahara ◽  
Takahide Yanagi ◽  
Sayuri Nakahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Rich

This study aimed to evaluate the association between bifidobacterial colonization in low birth weight infants and perinatal factors, including the timing of initial colostrum and the effect of probiotics on this colonization. In this non-randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 98 low-birth-weight infants from a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Japan. Infants were divided into three groups: group N (no intervention), group H (received non-live bifidobacteria), and group L (received live bifidobacteria). The number of bifidobacteria in the infants’ stools at 1 month of age was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We divided infants into “rich bifidobacteria” (≥104.8 cells/g feces) and “poor bifidobacteria” (<104.8 cells/g feces) subgroups. The ratio of “rich bifidobacteria” infants was 20/31, 34/36, and 30/30 in groups N, H, and L, respectively. In group N, the “rich bifidobacteria” group received first colostrum significantly earlier than the “poor bifidobacteria” group (1 day vs. 4 days, P < 0.05). Compared with the N group, both groups H and L had a significantly high proportion of “rich bifidobacteria” infants (P < 0.05). Bifidobacterial colonization was poor in premature infants at 1 month compared with term infants, and the level of colonization was associated with the timing of initial provision of colostrum. Providing probiotics to premature infants can improve bifidobacterial colonization.

scholarly journals The efficacy of fortified human milk compared to human milk alone for the growth of low birth weight infants

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Kumara Wati Ketut ◽  
Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih ◽  
Suandi IKG ◽  
Hamid H A
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Length Increment

Objective To evaluate the growth of low birth weight infants fedby fortified human milk (FHM) compared to human milk (HM) alone.Methods Sixty premature infants enrolled in this study and ran-domly assigned to have FHM and HM delivered by infusofeedpump,in parallel, non-blinded controlled trial. All patients were followeduntil day 30 or until discharge, whichever came first. The weightgain was recorded daily, while length and head circumference in-crement were recorded weekly.Results The FHM group gained more weight than the HM group(335.0+55.5 g vs. 290.6+108.4 g, p=0.000, 95%CI -170.2;-81.2),larger length increment (1.9+1.1cm vs. 1.2+0.4cm, p=0.000, 95%CI-1.37;-0.55), and larger head increment (1.87+1.1cm vs.0.91+0.43cm, 95%CI -1.37;-0.55). A similar result was found whenthe group was divided into subgroup of 1000-1499 g and 1500-1999 g birth weight. The larger calorie intake in the FHM groupwas the reason for better growth. No adverse effect related to theintervention was found.Conclusion The study shows the benefit of FHM in growth of lowbirth weight infants, which is consistent when the group is dividedinto 1000-1499 g birth weight and 1500-1999 g birth weight subgroups. Better growth is achieved through higher calorie intake inthe FHM group. No adverse effect is found as a consequence ofintervention

scholarly journals Impact of Early Physiotherapy Intervention on Neurodevelopment in Preterm Low Birth Weight Infants during the First Six Months of Life

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
N. Meena ◽  
V. K. Mohandas Kurup ◽  
S. Ramesh ◽  
R. Sathyamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Physiotherapy Intervention ◽  
Developmental Domains ◽  
Interventional Group

Abstract A prospective, controlled trial was conducted to assess the outcome of early physical therapy intervention on preterm low birth weight infants during the first six months of life. A cohort of 100 preterm low birth weight infants who got admitted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and referral newborn (RNB) of Raja Muthiah Medical College and Hospital (RMMC & H) were included prospectively. Infants who received regular early physiotherapy intervention were assigned as interventional group (EI) and infants who were advised but did not turn up for early intervention as comparison group (NEI). The Amiel-Tison neurologic examination and Denver developmental screening test (DDST) were used and results were compared. Better performance of infants was found in EI group in neurologic and developmental domains. The data suggest significant benefit of the use of EI programme over NEI in the neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm LBW infants at 6 months of corrected age.

scholarly journals Newborn Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Kanshi Minamitani
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Screening Strategies

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common preventable cause of intellectual impairment or failure to thrive by early identification and treatment. In Japan, newborn screening programs for CH were introduced in 1979, and the clinical guidelines for newborn screening of CH were developed in 1998, revised in 2014, and are currently undergoing further revision. Newborn screening strategies are designed to detect the elevated levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in most areas of Japan, although TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) are often measured simultaneously in some areas. Since 1987, in order not to observe the delayed rise in TSH, additional rescreening of premature neonates and low birth weight infants (<2000 g) at four weeks of life or when their body weight reaches 2500 g has been recommended, despite a normal initial newborn screening. Recently, the actual incidence of CH has doubled to approximately 1:2500 in Japan as in other countries. This increasing incidence is speculated to be mainly due to an increase in the number of mildly affected patients detected by the generalized lowering of TSH screening cutoffs and an increase in the number of preterm or low birth weight neonates at a higher risk of having CH than term infants.

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