Growth and bone mineralisation in premature infants fed preterm formula or standard term formula after discharge in very low birth weight infants

Innovative technologies in the reanimation and intensive therapy permitted to improve the survival of premature infants, including those with extremely low birth weight infants. There are considered various issues of practical medical care for very-low-birth weight infants in the first three years of life. The special attention is given to patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). There is briefly presented the own authors’ experience of the observation for premature infants in conditions of a multidisciplinary team care approach. There were described such important aspects of the mentioned category of patients as neurodietology/nutritional rehabilitation, compliance with aseptic environmental conditions, the correction of visual and hearing impairment, treatment of neurological deficit, especially neuropharmacology, treatment of paroxysmal disorders and epilepsy.

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Perfusion Index in Very Low Birth Weight Premature Infants During Their First 2 Weeks of Life

Biological Research For Nursing ◽

10.1177/1099800416656914 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 45-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robin B. Knobel-Dail ◽

David T. Tanaka ◽

Diane Holditch-Davis ◽

John White

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Study Design ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Perfusion Index ◽

Peripheral Perfusion ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Relationship Of

Background: Our program of research focuses on thermal and circulatory stability in extremely premature infants. In prior studies, we found that infants have long periods of time in which foot temperature (FT) is higher than central temperature. We thus wanted to determine whether blood flow in the foot is increased when FT is elevated. Perfusion index (PI) can be used as a clinical indicator of peripheral perfusion, but reports on use of PI in premature infants are lacking. We employed exploratory methodology to examine foot perfusion and temperature in very low birth weight infants. Aims: For premature infants after birth: (1) describe foot PI values for the first 2 weeks of life and (2) describe the relationship of longitudinal FT and PI. Study Design: Case study design with longitudinal FT and PI in 17 infants born at <29 weeks’ gestation with birth weight < 1,200 g for 2 weeks after birth. Results: Infants averaged 851 g at birth and were 24–29 weeks’ gestational age. The mean PI across all infants for 14 days was 1.04, SD = 0.79. Using a repeated measures multilevel model approach confirmed that FT and PI were positively related in these infants. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that perfusion is increased in the periphery in extremely premature infants when FT is increased. PI measures can be used as a trend for peripheral perfusion, and these values increase over the first 2 weeks of life in infants weighing more than 750 g.

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Growth Rates in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Fed Preterm Formula or Fortified Human Milk 1501

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-199804001-01522 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 256-256

Author(s):

Carol Bullough ◽

Marilyn M Chan ◽

Carolyn Graves ◽

Gary M Chan ◽

Sharon Bator

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Human Milk ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Preterm Formula

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NEW CONCERNS ABOUT THERAPIES FOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.98.6.a30 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 98 (6) ◽

pp. A30-A30

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose. Cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is effective in reducing the incidence of blindness in premature infants. However, macular complications associated with successful treatment have not yet been well studied. Methods. Eighteen very low birth weight (<1251 g) infants (32 eyes) who received cryotherapy for ROP were examined serially for regression of disease and for development of macular abnormalities. Patient characteristics and treatment factors were evaluated to identify risk factors associated with the development of macular abnormalities after successful cryotherapy. Results. Eleven of 32 eyes (34.4%) that had undergone cryotherapy developed significant macular abnormalities, including macular coloboma-like change (six eyes), macular hyperpigmentation (two eyes), irregularly mottled macular hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation (two eyes), and macular hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation with subretinal proliferation (one eye). Corrected visual acuity in affected eyes ranged from 0.15 to 0.03 (20/133 to 20/666) compared with 1.0 to 0.2 (20/20 to 20/100) in treated eyes without macular abnormality (P = .0002). No difference in gestational age was noted between infants who did or did not develop macular coloboma-like lesions or pigment abnormalities. Eyes with macular abnormality had more posterior disease (P = .037) and received significantly more cryotherapy than did eyes without macular abnormality (P = .0005). Conclusions. In very low birth weight infants receiving cryotherapy for ROP, development of macular coloboma-like lesions and macular pigment abnormalities were related to greater severity of ROP and a greater amount of cryotherapy. Macular abnormalities were associated with markedly worse visual outcomes than were treated eyes without macular abnormality.

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Letter To The Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.97.4.603 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 97 (4) ◽

pp. 603-603

Author(s):

Ricki F. Goldstein

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Premature Infants ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Neurologic Outcome ◽

Developmental Outcome ◽

Single Variable ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Newborn Period

The purpose of this study1 was not to identify any single variable that, by itself, could predict neurologic or developmental outcome in premature infants. Rather, it was to further investigate the previously published finding that acidosis was one of the factors in the newborn period that was influential in predicting poor motor performance and neurologic outcome at 2 years in very low birth weight infants.2 As stated in the introduction, we sought to determine whether it was the metabolic or respiratory component of acidosis that was associated with poor outcome.

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RETRACTED: Nitrogen utilization and bone mineralization in very low birth weight infants fed partially hydrolyzed preterm formula

Seminars in Perinatology ◽

10.1053/sper.2002.37317 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 439-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jean-Charles Picaud ◽

Alexandre Lapillonne ◽

Jacques Rigo ◽

Sylvie Normand ◽

Bernadette Reygrobellet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Bone Mineralization ◽

Nitrogen Utilization ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Preterm Formula

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Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Exposed to Donor Milk

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1722597 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kousiki Patra ◽

Michelle M. Greene ◽

Grace Tobin ◽

Gina Casini ◽

Anita L. Esquerra-Zwiers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Donor Milk ◽

Preterm Formula ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

Objective This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of donor milk (DM) received in the first 28 days of life (DOL) on neurodevelopmental (ND) outcome at 20-month corrected age (CA) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Study Design A total of 84 infants born in 2011 to 2012 who received only mother's own milk (MOM) and/or preterm formula (PF) was compared with 69 infants born in 2013 to 2014 who received MOM and/or DM. Daily enteral intake of MOM, DM, and PF was collected through 28 DOL. ND outcomes were assessed with the Bayley-III. Multiple regression analyses were adjusted for the effect of social and neonatal risk factors, alongside era of birth on ND outcome. Results Infants exposed to DM were born to older mothers (p < 0.01) and had higher incidence of severe brain injury (p = 0.013). Although DM group infants received first feed at earlier DOL (p < 0.001), there were no differences in MOM intake at DOL 14 or 28 between the two groups. In regression analyses, DM group did not predict 20-month ND outcome. Conclusion There were no differences in ND outcome between infants born before and after the introduction of DM. This may have been due to the similar percent of MOM at DOL 14 and 28 in the two eras. Key Points

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Is preterm donor milk better than preterm formula for very-low-birth-weight infants?

Food & Nutrition Research ◽

10.29219/fnr.v65.5346 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lingyu Fang ◽

Meili Zhang ◽

Lianqiang Wu ◽

Ruiquan Wang ◽

Bangbang Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Feeding Intolerance ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants ◽

Severe Morbidity ◽

Preterm Formula ◽

Feeding Tolerance

Background: Preterm human milk has advantages over preterm formula (PF), but it may compromise some functions after pasteurization. Objective: To explore the effects of preterm donor milk (DM) on growth, feeding tolerance, and severe morbidity in very-low-birth-weight infants. Method: This was a single-center, prospective cohort study that included 304 preterm infants weighing <1,500 g or of gestational age <32 weeks. If the mother’s own milk was insufficient, the parents decided to use PF (n = 155) or DM (n = 149). The two groups were uniformly managed according to the standard NICU protocol. Growth parameters, feeding tolerance, and severe morbidity such as necrotizing enterocolitis, were compared between the two groups. Results: The daily weight gain and weekly head growth in the DM group were not different from those in the PF group (P > 0.05). Feeding intolerance in the DM group was significantly lower than that in PF group (P < 0.05), and parenteral nutrition time and hospitalization time were also shorter than that in the PF group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis was also significantly lower in the DM group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The study indicated that preterm DM does not affect the growth of very-low-birth-weight infants. Further, it significantly reduces feeding intolerance, helps achieve full enteral feeding early, and has protective effects against necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis. Thus, compared with formula, preterm DM can lower the rate of infection in preterm infants and is worthy of promotion.

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