Changes in Diversity Due to Long-Term Management in a High Natural Value Grassland

High nature value (HNV) grassland systems are increasingly important for the ecosystem services they provide and for their socio-economic impact in the current constant-changing context. The aim of our paper is to evaluate the long-term effect of organic fertilizers on HNV systems in the Apuseni Mountains, Romania. As an objective we want to identify the optimal intensity of conservation management and its recognition based on indicator value plant species. The experiments were established in 2001 on the boreal floor and analyze the effect of a gradient of four organic treatments with manure. Fertilization with 10 t ha−1 manure ensures an increase in yield and has a small influence on diversity, and could be a real possibility for the maintenance and sustainable use of HNV. Each fertilization treatment determined species with indicator value that are very useful in the identification and management of HNV. The indicator species are useful in forecasting the fluctuations and successions in grasslands, determined by the modification of the dominance-codominance ratio and the real coverage of each species.

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A preliminary study of regeneration in wild populations of threatened endemic Hawaiian palms (Pritchardia; Arecaceae)

Pacific Conservation Biology ◽

10.1071/pc070020 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Melany H. Chapin ◽

Mike Maunder ◽

Katherine E. Horak

Keyword(s):

Seed Predation ◽

Conservation Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Ecological Change ◽

Wild Populations ◽

In The Wild ◽

Human Colonization ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Term Management

Island floras have been subject to catastrophic changes since human colonization; the Hawaiian Islands exemplify this pattern of species decline and ecological change. Archaeological and historic findings support the former existence of coastal, lowland and interior Pritchardia dominated forests. Wild Pritchardia populations are highly fragmented and exhibit poor or absent regeneration in the wild. This study records seed predation, goat grazing, pig damage, and human harvesting on six wild populations of three species and outlines requirements for the long-term management of wild populations. Only one population of the six studied was found to contain seedlings. Recommended conservation management strategies are outlined.

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Strategies and Treatments for Leafy Mistletoe (Phoradendron tomentosum [DC.] Engelm ex. Gray) Suppression on Cedar Elm (Ulmus crassifolia Nutt.)

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry ◽

10.48044/jauf.2006.033 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 265-270

Author(s):

W. Todd Watson ◽

Tomas Martinez-Trinidad

Keyword(s):

Urban Environments ◽

Term Effect ◽

Urban Trees ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Short Term ◽

Latex Paint ◽

Long Term Effect ◽

New Treatment ◽

Term Management

Leafy mistletoe, Phoradendron tomentosum (DC.) Engelm ex. Gray, can adversely affect trees growing in urban environments. The efficacy of several methods for controlling P. tomentosum in Ulmus crassifolia was evaluated in two separate trials. In the first experiment, eight treatments with five replicate trees, 20.3 to 30.5 cm (8.1 to 12.2 in) dbh, were evaluated. Removal of the branch 30.5 cm (12.2 in) below the mistletoe, removal of mistletoe, and treating the branch bark with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or a caulking compound in which mistletoe was removed resulted in reduced regrowth of the ectophyte (>90%) after 5 months. The use of growth regulator and herbicides (ethephon, 2,4-D, and glyphosate) on intact mistletoe plants in experiment 1 did not provide acceptable control of mistletoe. After 29 months, only removal of the branch and caulking over the bark after mistletoe removal demonstrated a significant long-term effect on mistletoe mortality (40% and 57%, respectively). In the second experiment, a new treatment was evaluated based on the results from the first experiment. The use of NAA and light exclusion (black latex paint) reduced the resprouting of mistletoe by 50% after 8 months, but this effect diminished over time. However, 16 months after application, NAA and paint significantly reduced regrowth compared with removing mistletoe alone. This study provides strategies to achieve acceptable short-term control and long-term management of leafy mistletoe in urban trees.

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