Phospholipids in Salt Stress Response

High salinity threatens crop production by harming plants and interfering with their development. Plant cells respond to salt stress in various ways, all of which involve multiple components such as proteins, peptides, lipids, sugars, and phytohormones. Phospholipids, important components of bio-membranes, are small amphoteric molecular compounds. These have attracted significant attention in recent years due to the regulatory effect they have on cellular activity. Over the past few decades, genetic and biochemical analyses have partly revealed that phospholipids regulate salt stress response by participating in salt stress signal transduction. In this review, we summarize the generation and metabolism of phospholipid phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphoinositides (PIs), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG), as well as the regulatory role each phospholipid plays in the salt stress response. We also discuss the possible regulatory role based on how they act during other cellular activities.

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Overexpression of the Auxin Receptor AFB3 in Arabidopsis Results in Salt Stress Resistance and the Modulation of NAC4 and SZF1

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21249528 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (24) ◽

pp. 9528

Author(s):

Fernanda Garrido-Vargas ◽

Tamara Godoy ◽

Ricardo Tejos ◽

José Antonio O’Brien

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Root Architecture ◽

Crop Production ◽

Lateral Roots ◽

Auxin Signaling ◽

Auxin Receptor ◽

Salt Stress Response ◽

Regulatory Pathways

Soil salinity is a key problem for crop production worldwide. High salt concentration in soil negatively modulates plant growth and development. In roots, salinity affects the growth and development of both primary and lateral roots. The phytohormone auxin regulates various developmental processes during the plant’s life cycle, including several aspects of root architecture. Auxin signaling involves the perception by specialized receptors which module several regulatory pathways. Despite their redundancy, previous studies have shown that their functions can also be context-specific depending on tissue, developmental or environmental cues. Here we show that the over-expression of Auxin Signaling F-Box 3 receptor results in an increased resistance to salinity in terms of root architecture and germination. We also studied possible downstream signaling components to further characterize the role of auxin in response to salt stress. We identify the transcription factor SZF1 as a key component in auxin-dependent salt stress response through the regulation of NAC4. These results give lights of an auxin-dependent mechanism that leads to the modulation of root system architecture in response to salt identifying a hormonal cascade important for stress response.

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Gamma Ray Irradiation for Crop Protection Against Salt Stress

Defence Life Science Journal ◽

10.14429/dlsj.2.11670 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 292 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pankaj Kumar ◽

Vasundhara Sharma ◽

Poonam Yadav ◽

Bhupinder Singh

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Crop Production ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Crop Protection ◽

Stability Index ◽

Salt Stress Response ◽

Tolerance Response ◽

Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽

Dietary Value

Legumes have tremendous dietary value for human nutrition. However, the productivity of food legumes is always compromised owing to their insufficient ability to tolerate abiotic stresses such as drought or water logging, marginal soil, low/high temperatures and salt stress. Stress induces changes at the morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular level which are consequently manifested in terms of reduced seed yield and quality. Salt stress is one of the most important constraints to crop production particularly in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Low dose of ionising radiation like gamma ray is reported to induce growth and several other physiological attributes in non-legume and legume crops. Relationship between seed gamma irradiation and salinity stress response could be related to favourable maintenance of gas exchange attributes (Pn, gs and E), 14C partitioning, activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT and POX), membrane stability index (MSI) K+ to Na+ ratio, proline and glycine betaine content. One or more mechanisms may contribute simultaneously towards salt tolerance response of crop plants. The present review critically analyses the effect of gamma ray irradiation on growth and development of legumes under salt stress and evaluates the contribution of various physiological and biochemical mechanisms towards radiation mediated alleviation of salt stress response.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of The structure of the Arabidopsis thaliana SOS3: molecular mechanism of sensing calcium for salt stress response.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1024162.286767 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

Ramón Serrano

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Molecular Mechanism ◽

Salt Stress Response

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Progress in understanding salt stress response in plants using biotechnological tools

Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 329 ◽

pp. 180-191

Author(s):

Ulkar İbrahimova ◽

Pragati Kumari ◽

Saurabh Yadav ◽

Anshu Rastogi ◽

Michal Antala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Salt Stress Response

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Proteome dynamics and early salt stress response of the photosynthetic organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/1471-2164-13-215 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 215 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Guido Mastrobuoni ◽

Susann Irgang ◽

Matthias Pietzke ◽

Heike E Aßmus ◽

Markus Wenzel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽

Salt Stress Response ◽

Photosynthetic Organism

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Interaction of SOS2 with Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase 2 and Catalases Reveals a Point of Connection between Salt Stress and H2O2 Signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.00429-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 27 (22) ◽

pp. 7771-7780 ◽

Cited By ~ 122

Author(s):

Paul E. Verslues ◽

Giorgia Batelli ◽

Stefania Grillo ◽

Fernanda Agius ◽

Yong-Sig Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Double Mutant ◽

Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase ◽

Salt Resistance ◽

Interacting Proteins ◽

Salt Stress Response ◽

Oxygen Signaling ◽

Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase 2

ABSTRACT SOS2, a class 3 sucrose-nonfermenting 1-related kinase, has emerged as an important mediator of salt stress response and stress signaling through its interactions with proteins involved in membrane transport and in regulation of stress responses. We have identified additional SOS2-interacting proteins that suggest a connection between SOS2 and reactive oxygen signaling. SOS2 was found to interact with the H2O2 signaling protein nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2 (NDPK2) and to inhibit its autophosphorylation activity. A sos2-2 ndpk2 double mutant was more salt sensitive than a sos2-2 single mutant, suggesting that NDPK2 and H2O2 are involved in salt resistance. However, the double mutant did not hyperaccumulate H2O2 in response to salt stress, suggesting that it is altered signaling rather than H2O2 toxicity alone that is responsible for the increased salt sensitivity of the sos2-2 ndpk2 double mutant. SOS2 was also found to interact with catalase 2 (CAT2) and CAT3, further connecting SOS2 to H2O2 metabolism and signaling. The interaction of SOS2 with both NDPK2 and CATs reveals a point of cross talk between salt stress response and other signaling factors including H2O2.

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