Responses of Lowland Rice Genotypes under Terminal Water Stress and Identification of Drought Tolerance to Stabilize Rice Productivity in Southern Thailand

Lowland rice is an important cereal crop that plays a key role in the food security and the economy of Thailand. Terminal water stress (TWS) in rainfed lowland areas poses threats to rice productivity due to stress occurrence at terminal crop stages and extreme sensitivity of rice to TWS. A two-year study was conducted to characterize the performance of yield and yield attributes of twelve Thai lowland rice genotypes under TWS, to identify stress-tolerant genotypes using stress response indices and to identify promising stress indices which are correlated with grain yield (GY) under well-watered (WW) and TWS conditions for their use as rapid identifiers in a rice crop breeding program for enhancing drought stress tolerance. Measurements were recorded under WW and TWS conditions. Highly significant variations were observed amongst assessed genotypes for their yield productivity responses. According to stress response indices, genotypes were categorized into stress-tolerant and stress susceptible genotypes. Genotypes Hom Pathum, Sang Yod, Dum Ja and Pathum Thani-1 were found highly stress tolerant and relatively high yielding; genotypes Look Pla and Lep Nok were stress tolerant, whereas genotypes Chor Lung, Hom Nang Kaew and Hom Chan were moderately tolerant genotypes. Hence, stress-tolerant genotypes could be potentially used for cultivation under rainfed and water-limited conditions, where TWS is predicted particularly in southern Thailand to stabilize rice productivity. Stress tolerance indices, including stress tolerance index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity index (MPRO) and harmonic mean index (MHAR), indicated strong and positive associations with GY under WW and TWS; thus, these indices could be used to indicate stress tolerance in rice crop breeding program aimed at a rapid screening of lowland rice genotypes for stress tolerance.

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Improvement of drought tolerance in rice using line X tester mating design and biochemical molecular markers

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-021-00656-1 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Almoataz Bellah Ali El-Mouhamady ◽

Abdul Aziz M. Gad ◽

Ghada S. A. Abdel Karim

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Scientific Progress ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Hybrid Generation ◽

Water Stress Tolerance ◽

Rice Genotypes

Abstract Background Water stress, specifically the limited water resources needed to grow strategic crops, especially rice, poses a great threat to crop productivity. So, it was imperative that scientists all work together to try genetically improving the rice for drought tolerance in light of these environmental challenges. The aim of this study is trying to know the genetic behavior responsible for water-deficit tolerance in rice genotypes but at the molecular level. Moreover, this attempt will be an important leap in the process of genetic improvement in rice for water stress tolerance in Egypt. Results Twenty-three rice genotypes including eight parents and their fifteen F1 crosses or (the first hybrid generation) by line X tester analysis were evaluated for water stress tolerance during two experiments (the control and drought experiment) besides some molecular–biochemical studies for eight parents and the highest selected five crosses for water stress tolerance. The research revealed that five rice crosses out of fifteen hybrids were highly tolerant to water stress compared to the normal conditions. Data of biochemical markers indicated the presence of bands that are considered as molecular genetic markers for water-deficit tolerance in some rice genotypes, and this is the scientific progress achieved in this research. This was evident by increasing the density and concentration of SDS-protein electrophoresis besides enhancing the activities of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) under water-deficit conditions, which confirmed the tolerance of drought stress in the eight rice genotypes and the best five crosses from the first hybrid generation. Conclusion The five promising and superior rice hybrids showed an unparalleled tolerance to water stress in all evaluated traits under water stress treatment compared to the standard experiment. Also, biochemical and molecular parameters evidence confirmed the existence of unquestionable evidence that it represents the main nucleus for producing rice lines tolerated for drought stress under Egyptian conditions.

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Effects of PEG induced water stress on growth and physiological responses of rice genotypes at seedling stage

Pakistan Journal of Botany ◽

10.30848/pjb2019-6(13) ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

Author(s):

A. Shereen ◽

M.A. Khanzada ◽

M.A. Wahid Baloch ◽

Asma Asma ◽

M.U. Shirazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Seedling Stage ◽

Rice Genotypes

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Rhizosphere Symbionts Improve Water Stress Tolerance in Moldavian balm through Modulation of Osmolytes

Rhizosphere ◽

10.1016/j.rhisph.2021.100367 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100367

Author(s):

Zohreh Ghanbarzadeh ◽

Hajar Zamani ◽

Sasan Mohsenzadeh ◽

Łukasz Marczak ◽

Maciej Stobiecki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Water Stress Tolerance

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Nitric oxide and abscisic acid regulate osmoprotective and antioxidative mechanisms related to water stress tolerance of grapevines

Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research ◽

10.1111/ajgw.12485 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M. Pontin ◽

G. Murcia ◽

R. Bottini ◽

A. Fontana ◽

L. Bolcato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Abscisic Acid ◽

Water Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Water Stress Tolerance

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Screening for water stress tolerance in eleven plum (Prunussalicina L.) Cultivars using agronomic and physiological traits

Scientia Horticulturae ◽

10.1016/j.scienta.2021.109992 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 281 ◽

pp. 109992

Author(s):

Anas Hamdani ◽

Jamal Charafi ◽

Said Bouda ◽

Lahcen Hssaini ◽

Atman Adiba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Physiological Traits ◽

Water Stress Tolerance

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Genetic Diversity of Selected Rice Genotypes under Water Stress Conditions

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Mahmoud M. Gaballah ◽

Azza M. Metwally ◽

Milan Skalicky ◽

Mohamed M. Hassan ◽

Marian Brestic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Water Stress ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Rice Genotypes

Drought is the most challenging abiotic stress for rice production in the world. Thus, developing new rice genotype tolerance to water scarcity is one of the best strategies to achieve and maximize high yield potential with water savings. The study aims to characterize 16 rice genotypes for grain and agronomic parameters under normal and drought stress conditions, and genetic differentiation, by determining specific DNA markers related to drought tolerance using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers and grouping cultivars, establishing their genetic relationship for different traits. The experiment was conducted under irrigated (normal) and water stress conditions. Mean squares due to genotype × environment interactions were highly significant for major traits. For the number of panicles/plants, the genotypes Giza179, IET1444, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 showed the maximum mean values. The required sterility percentage values were produced by genotypes IET1444, Giza178, Hybrid2, and Giza179, while, Sakha101, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 achieved the highest values of grain yield/plant. The genotypes Giza178, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2, produced maximum values for water use efficiency. The effective number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.20 alleles to 3.0 alleles with an average of 1.28 alleles, and the He values for all SSR markers used varied from 0.94 to 1.00 with an average of 0.98. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values for the SSR were varied from 0.83 to 0.99, with an average of 0.95 along with a highly significant correlation between PIC values and the number of amplified alleles detected per locus. The highest similarity coefficient between Giza181 and Giza182 (Indica type) was observed and are susceptible to drought stress. High similarity percentage between the genotypes (japonica type; Sakha104 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.45), Sakha101 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.40), Sakha105 with Hybrid1 (0.40), Hybrid1 with Giza178 (0.40) and GZ1368-S-5-4 with Giza181 (0.40)) was also observed, which are also susceptible to drought stress. All genotypes are grouped into two major clusters in the dendrogram at 66% similarity based on Jaccard’s similarity index. The first cluster (A) was divided into two minor groups A1 and A2, in which A1 had two groups A1-1 and A1-2, containing drought-tolerant genotypes like IET1444, GZ1386-S-5-4 and Hybrid1. On the other hand, the A1-2 cluster divided into A1-2-1 containing Hybrid2 genotype and A1-2-2 containing Giza179 and Giza178 at coefficient 0.91, showing moderate tolerance to drought stress. The genotypes GZ1368-S-5-4, IET1444, Giza 178, and Giza179, could be included as appropriate materials for developing a drought-tolerant variety breeding program. Genetic diversity to grow new rice cultivars that combine drought tolerance with high grain yields is essential to maintaining food security.

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