scholarly journals Strategic Harmonization of Training on Biosecurity for Laboratories in the ECOWAS Region

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Abayomi Akinola Emmanuel ◽  
Denloye Abiodun Akinpelu ◽  
Diagne Rokhaya ◽  
Diallo Sada ◽  
Ellis Maureen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Biological Material ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Good Laboratory

Background: Good laboratory practices in terms of biosecurity and biosafety are essential for the protection of laboratory personnel, the populations and the environment. If not implemented, the risk of pathogen spreading from the laboratory is conceivable. In addition, in current African geopolitical context, the reliable practices such as the protection, control and tracking of valuable biological material will prevent their loss, theft, uncontrolled access and potential misuse. WAHO, with the support of KfW is implementing trainings of trainers on biosecurity in the ECOWAS region in a project called PROALAB. PROALAB team realized that many partners were aiming at implementing in parallel quite similar non internationally certified programs in the ECOWAS region. Therefore, PROALAB decided to organize a meeting of key stakeholders in order to pool efforts, avoid duplication, and harmonize strategies and procedures. Objective: Develop a harmonized strategy and harmonized procedures for the training of health professionals in biosecurity/biosafety and biohazard risk management in ECOWAS member countries to pass internationally certified biosafety and biosecurity examinations. Methods: Programs of each of the institutions were presented and discussed. A regional program on biosecurity/biosafety training was elaborated during group working and a regional program of certification of trainers was discussed and validated. A work plan and timeline were developed through group working. Results: In the ECOWAS region, some countries are more advanced in biosecurity training. Training is generally organized by national biosecurity associations with the support of the IFBA or other partners (WHO, FMx, PHE, etc.). Côte d’Ivoire, Nigeria and Mali seem more advanced and could be solicited to organize training for less-advanced countries. The IFBA certification covers five domains: (1) Biorisk management, (2) biosecurity, (3) biosafety cabinet, (4) biological waste management and (5) biocontainment facility. The technical working group decided consensually that basic training for biosecurity managers in the laboratories should cover the first two domains. More advanced experts advising governments should be trained in the other domains progressively. Progressive training could be built on the 3 levels Nigerian/Ivoirian system of “basic-advanced-consolidated (or expert)” system. Existing module from WHO, FMx, IPD, IPCI and other ECOWAS countries should be adapted to match the international certification needs. Practical training should also be organized in the laboratory by the same institutions that will be allowed to deliver a practical certificate on behalf of WAHO. Conclusion: With the extension of laboratory activities in the context of strengthening the surveillance programs in the ECOWAS region, more expertise on biosecurity is needed. With the support of national biosecurity associations, WAHO could play a role in harmonizing reinforcing training on biosecurity and legislation.

scholarly journals Patients, pharmacists, and the placebo in France: From iatrogenic to ethical risks

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Fainzang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Healing Rituals ◽  
Symbolic Healing ◽  
Widespread Interest

Placebos have attracted widespread interest amongst anthropologists who have sought to explain the placebo dimension of medicines or healing rituals prescribed by health professionals or traditional healers by emphasizing aspects relating to symbolic healing. Very little investigation has been done however into the perceptions individuals hold of placebos, and their reasons for resorting to placebos and/or the placebo effect within the framework of family medication, on one hand, and the perception pharmacists have on this issue and the uses they make of it in their responses to the demands of users, on the other. This article addresses their uses of placebos and the placebo effect within the context of medicinal risk management in France; it also examines the perception actors have of placebos (whether ‘pure’ or ‘impure’) in the light of their ethical positions.

Somatoform disorders: diseases of the civilization

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
I. Kukhtevich
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Organic Basis ◽  
Autonomic Disorders ◽  
The One ◽  
Somatic Diseases

Functional autonomic disorders occupy a significant part in the practice of neurologists and professionals of other specialties as well. However, there is no generally accepted classification of such disorders. In this paper the authors tried to show that functional autonomic pathology corresponds to the concept of somatoform disorders combining syndromes manifested by visceral, borderline psychopathological, neurological symptoms that do not have an organic basis. The relevance of the problem of somatoform disorders is that on the one hand many health professionals are not familiar enough with manifestations of borderline neuropsychiatric disorders, often forming functional autonomic disorders, and on the other hand they overestimate somatoform symptoms that are similar to somatic diseases.

scholarly journals Peripheral Neuropathy under Oncologic Therapies: A Literature Review on Pathogenetic Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1980
Author(s):  
Mariarita Laforgia ◽  
Carmelo Laface ◽  
Concetta Calabrò ◽  
Simona Ferraiuolo ◽  
Valentina Ungaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vinca Alkaloids ◽  
Neurologic Complications ◽  
Typically Develop ◽  
Hospital Pharmacists ◽  
Single Mechanism

Peripheral neurologic complications are frequent adverse events during oncologic treatments and often lead to dose reduction, administration delays with time elongation of the therapeutic plan and, not least, worsening of patients’ quality of life. Experience skills are required to recognize symptoms and clinical evidences and the collaboration between different health professionals, in particular oncologists and hospital pharmacists, grants a correct management of this undesirable occurrence. Some classes of drugs (platinates, vinca alkaloids, taxanes) typically develop this kind of side effect, but the genesis of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is not linked to a single mechanism. This paper aims from one side at summarizing and explaining all the scattering mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy through a detailed literature revision, on the other side at finding new approaches to possible treatments, in order to facilitate the collaboration between oncologists, hematologists and hospital pharmacists.

The Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program (MBSR) Reduces Stress-Related Psychological Distress in Healthcare Professionals

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 897-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Martín-Asuero ◽  
Gloria García-Banda
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction

This semi-experimental study examines how Mindfulness facilitates a distress reduction in a group of health professionals. The sample comprises 29 professionals seeking stress reduction who undertook an 8 weeks psico-educative intervention, involving 28 hours of class, based on a program called Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction or MBSR. Results show a 35% reduction of distress, from percentile 75 to 45, combined with a 30% reduction in rumination and a 20% decrease in negative affect. These benefits lasted during the 3 months of the follow up period. The correlation analysis indicates that the decrease in distress is significantly related to the other two variables. These results confirm the effectiveness of MBSR to decrease distress and its applicability in training programs for health professionals.

Information Security Aspect of Operational Risk Management

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki ◽  
Maciej Byczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Operational Risk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Operational Risk Management ◽  
Hand Shaping ◽  
Product Service ◽  
The One

Information Security Aspect of Operational Risk ManagementImproving organization means on the one hand searching for adequate product (service) matched to the market, on the other hand shaping the ability to react on risks caused by that activity. The second should consist of identifying and estimating types of risk, and consequently creating solutions securing from possible forms of it's realization (disturbances), following rules of rational choice of security measures as seen in their relation to costs and effectiveness. Activities of creating the security measures should be organized as constantly developing and perfecting and as such they need formal place in organizational structure and rules of management

Risk management and healthcare safety: Ten years of experience at the Vienna General Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopold-Michael Marzi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
The People ◽  
Insurance Group ◽  
Vienna General Hospital ◽  
Family Contact ◽  
Preceding Communication

We should use the word “Health Care Safety” instead of “Patient Safety,” because in cases of malpractice the people who are in charge of treatment of patients can be “second victims.” The typical damage case occurs to an above-average employee in a risk-prone discipline after working in the job for 20 years often between Friday afternoon and Sunday more often in the months of January, March or July due to a preceding communication error and a missing assertiveness of a person who is involved in the case. Very often, health professionals do not know how to react in case of malpractice or emergency from a legal point of view. The patient or his family contact a lawyer immediately, but who helps the health professionals to cope with the case? The Vienna General Hospital (VGH) is one of the biggest in the world. In 1999, the project “Risk Management” was initiated by the Legal Department. The aim at this time was: “Minus 50% concerning cases and more than 50% less costs in the next ten years (2000–2010).” In 2010, the aim was reached and the positive trend is still continuing, but how did it work? The VGH in cooperation with the Vienna Insurance Group created a complete new form of quick help in case of emergency: the so-called “Legal Emergency Kit.” It represents a handy plastic case on which a paragraph is stamped. A special checklist tells what to do in case of legal emergency. The legal practitioner of the VGH can be called at any time via mobile phone. The malpractice cases are analysed in a retrospective damage analysis, which helps to avoid errors and damages in the future.

scholarly journals Modelling the system behaviour of wet snow avalanches using an expert system approach for risk management on high alpine traffic roads

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zischg ◽  
S. Fuchs ◽  
M. Keiler ◽  
G. Meißl
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Rule Base ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Snow Avalanches ◽  
System Behaviour ◽  
Wet Snow

Abstract. The presented approach describes a model for a rule-based expert system calculating the temporal variability of the release of wet snow avalanches, using the assumption of avalanche triggering without the loading of new snow. The knowledge base of the model is created by using investigations on the system behaviour of wet snow avalanches in the Italian Ortles Alps, and is represented by a fuzzy logic rule-base. Input parameters of the expert system are numerical and linguistic variables, measurable meteorological and topographical factors and observable characteristics of the snow cover. Output of the inference method is the quantified release disposition for wet snow avalanches. Combining topographical parameters and the spatial interpolation of the calculated release disposition a hazard index map is dynamically generated. Furthermore, the spatial and temporal variability of damage potential on roads exposed to wet snow avalanches can be quantified, expressed by the number of persons at risk. The application of the rule base to the available data in the study area generated plausible results. The study demonstrates the potential for the application of expert systems and fuzzy logic in the field of natural hazard monitoring and risk management.

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