scholarly journals A Case of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Triggered by the Pandemic

Psych ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 890-896
Author(s):  
Ana Costa ◽  
Sabrina Jesus ◽  
Luís Simões ◽  
Mónica Almeida ◽  
João Alcafache
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Behaviors

Background: The pandemic caused by the sars-cov2 coronavirus can be considered the biggest international public health crisis. Outbreaks of emerging diseases can trigger fear reactions. Strict adherence to the strategies can cause harmful consequences, particularly for people with pathology on the spectrum of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Case presentation: We describe the clinical case of a woman, with a history of anxiety disorder, who develops obsessive-compulsive symptoms, she started cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacological therapy, with appropriate follow-up. Conclusions: The intense focus on the risk of contamination and the adoption of new hygienic behaviors can be internalized as normative and become an enhancing trigger for obsessive thinking and compulsive behaviors. It is an important focus on prevention, early intervention and adequate follow-up, through measures to promote mental health.

scholarly journals Results of the Nursing Outcomes Classification/NOC for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananda Ughini Bertoldo Pires ◽  
Amália de Fátima Lucena ◽  
Andressa Behenck ◽  
Elizeth Heldt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Nursing Process ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Nursing Outcomes ◽  
Nursing Outcomes Classification

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the application of nursing outcomes and indicators selected from the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) to evaluate patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in outpatient follow-up. Method: Outcome-based research. First, a consensus was achieved between nurses specialized in mental health (MH) and in the nursing process to select NOC-related outcomes and indicators, followed by the elaboration of their conceptual and operational definitions. Then, an instrument was created with these, which was tested in a pilot group of six patients treated at a MH outpatient clinic. The instrument was applied to patients with OCD undergoing Group Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (GCBT). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution. Results: Four NOC outcomes and 17 indicators were selected. There was a significant change in the scores of nine indicators after CBGT. Conclusion: The study showed feasibility for evaluating symptoms of patients with OCD through NOC outcomes and indicators in an outpatient situation.

Long-Term Follow-up of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Symptom Severity and the Role of Exposure 8–10 Years After Inpatient Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Katrin Külz ◽  
Sarah Landmann ◽  
Magdalena Schmidt-Ott ◽  
Bartosz Zurowski ◽  
Andreas Wahl-Kordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) can be effectively treated by cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP). Yet, little is known about the long-term effects of inpatient CBT up to one decade after treatment. Thirty patients who had been treated with 12 weeks of intensive inpatient CBT with ERP were examined 8–10 years after their stay in hospital with regard to obsessive-compulsive symptoms, secondary outcomes, and use of healthcare services. Significant (p < .001) improvements in OC symptoms with medium and large effects compared to baseline on the Yale-Brown-Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and on the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI-R) could still be observed, with 20% of the patients reaching remission status. Continuation of exposure exercises after the inpatient stay was the sole significant factor for improved scores at follow-up. The results suggest that OCD does not necessarily take a chronic course. However, maintenance of exposure training seems to be crucial for sustained improvement.

scholarly journals The Effect of Family Participation on the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy of Children with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-120
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Family Based ◽  
And Function

Background: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a time-consuming and severe mental illness that causes significant distress and impaired functioning. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of family-based cognitive-behavioral therapy on the symptoms and functions of children with OCD. Materials and Methods: The research plan was single-case or single-subject. The statistical population of this research included all the children with OCD within the age range of 7-12 years who referred to counseling and psychiatric centers in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2020. In total, four children who were diagnosed with OCD were selected by the available sampling method and received family-based cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention in 12 sessions. In this study, the required data were collected using Yale-Brown Child Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Scale and the Child Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Impact Scale. Data analysis was performed using visual charting or graphical analysis methods, reliable change index, and percentage of improvement. Results: The results showed that a reliable change index was significant for symptoms and function in treatment and follow-up (P<0.05). Moreover, the percentage of overall improvement showed the effectiveness of family-based cognitive-behavioral therapy on the symptoms and function of children with OCD in treatment and follow-up stages. All four children were in the successful treatment category based on the Classification of Blanchard. Conclusion: Family-based cognitive-behavioral therapy can be beneficial and effective on the symptoms and function of children with OCD.

scholarly journals Long-term stability of benefits of cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder depends on symptom remission during treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Elsner ◽  
Frieder Wolfsberger ◽  
Jessica Srp ◽  
Antonia Windsheimer ◽  
Laura Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Background Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and may afford stable long-term improvements. It is not clear, however, how stability or symptom recurrence can be predicted at the time of termination of CBT. Method In a 1-year follow-up intention-to-treat study with 120 OCD patients receiving individual CBT at a university outpatient unit, we investigated the predictive value of international consensus criteria for response only (Y-BOCS score reduction by at least 35%) and remission status (Y-BOCS score ≤ 12). Secondly, we applied receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves in order to find an optimal cut-off score to classify for deterioration and for sustained gains. Results Response only at post-treatment increased the likelihood of deterioration at follow-up compared to remission at an odds ratio of 8.8. Moreover, ROC curves indicated that a post-treatment score of ≥ 13 differentiated optimally between patients with and without symptom deterioration at follow-up assessment. The optimal cut-off score to classify for any sustained gains (response, remission, or both) at follow-up relative to baseline was 12. Importantly, previous findings of generally high long-term symptom stability after treatment in OCD could be replicated. Conclusion The findings highlight the clinical importance of reaching remission during CBT, and suggest that a recently published expert consensus for defining remission has high utility.

A Single Belief as a Maintaining Factor in a Case of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Guay ◽  
Kieron P. O’Connor ◽  
Danielle Gareau ◽  
Christo Todorov
Keyword(s):  
Complete Remission ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Treatment Model ◽  
Treatment Procedure ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
Compulsive Behaviors

A severe case of obsessive-compulsive disorder with 30-year chronicity was successfully treated with 7 sessions of cognitive therapy. The client, a 38-year-old male, was diagnosed as OCD by two independent clinicians. The cognitive treatment model targeted a central obsessional belief concerning the utility of the OCD. Once this single belief central to his compulsive behaviors had been dismantled, the client ceased to perceive his compulsive behaviors as useful and this led to a complete remission of symptoms at post-treatment which was maintained at 6-month and 3-year follow-up. The strategies included linking the content of the intrusion to the feared consequences and subsequent appraisals in order to specify the maintaining belief and comparing the past to the current functionality of the belief. The treatment procedure may be generalizable across other types of OCD.

scholarly journals EMDR Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Three Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Psychometric Measures

This article reports on the first 3 randomly allocated cases treated by the author in an ongoing trial comparing eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) with cognitive behavioral therapy (exposure and response prevention) in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder in a U.K. primary care setting. This article describes the treatment and data collection procedures, followed by a summary of each of the 3 cases supported by quantitative and qualitative data. The Adapted EMDR Phobia Protocol (Marr, 2012) was provided, following the trial protocol of 1-hour, 16-session treatment. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was administered at every 4th session. At posttreatment, 2 of the 3 cases showed more than a 50% reduction on validated psychometric measures, with symptoms below diagnostic cutoff. The final case started treatment below the diagnostic cutoff on the primary outcome measure and showed a slight improvement. Six-month follow-up data showed maintenance of treatment effects. Transcripts from a semistructured telephone interview carried out by an independent researcher following treatment were analyzed using a 6-stage thematic analysis method, which identified 3 themes: the role of traumatic experiences, role of shame, and importance of therapeutic alliance. This article concludes with a discussion of implications for EMDR practice and theory.

scholarly journals Effect of Religious Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Religious Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (3 and 6 months Follow-up)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Karimi ◽  
Shahla Aouchekian ◽  
Mostafa Najafi ◽  
Katayon Shafiee ◽  
Mohammadreza Maracy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

scholarly journals Long-term Outcomes of Intensive Inpatient Care for Severe, Resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Résultats à long terme de soins intensifs à des patients hospitalisés pour un trouble obsessionnel-compulsif grave et résistant

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 779-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Balachander ◽  
Aakash Bajaj ◽  
Nandita Hazari ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Nitin Anand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Soins Intensifs ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Objective: A substantial proportion of severely ill patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) do not respond to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and are unable to practice cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on an out-patient basis. We report the short-term (at discharge) and long-term (up to 2 years) outcome of a multimodal inpatient treatment program that included therapist-assisted intensive CBT with adjunctive pharmacotherapy for severely ill OCD patients who are often resistant to SRIs and are either unresponsive or unable to practice outpatient CBT. Methods: A total of 420 patients, admitted between January 2012 and December 2017 were eligible for the analysis. They were evaluated using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale. All patients received 4 to 5 therapist-assisted CBT sessions per week along with standard pharmacotherapy. Naturalistic follow-up information at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months were recorded. Results: At baseline, patients were mostly severely ill (YBOCS = 29.9 ± 4.5) and nonresponsive to ≥2 SRIs (83%). Mean duration of inpatient stay was 42.7 ± 25.3 days. At discharge, there was a significant decline in the mean YBOCS score (29.9 ± 4.5 vs. 18.1 ± 7.7, P < .001, Cohen’s d = 1.64); 211/420 (50%) were responders (≥35% YBOCS reduction and CGI-I≤2) and an additional 86/420 (21%) were partial responders (25% to 35% YBOCS reduction and CGI-I≤3). Using latent class growth modeling of the follow-up data, 4 distinct classes were identified, which include “remitters” (14.5%), “responders” (36.5%), “minimal responders” (34.7%), and “nonresponders” (14.6%). Shorter duration of illness, better insight, and lesser contamination/washing symptoms predicted better response in both short- and long-term follow-up. Conclusion: Intensive, inpatient-based care for OCD may be an effective option for patients with severe OCD and should be considered routinely in those who do not respond with outpatient treatment.

scholarly journals Acceptability and feasibility of enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (eCBT) for children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Babiano-Espinosa ◽  
Lidewij H. Wolters ◽  
Bernhard Weidle ◽  
Scott N. Compton ◽  
Stian Lydersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Children And Parents

Abstract Introduction Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling mental health disorder affecting 1–3% of children and adolescents. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is recommended as the first-line treatment, but is limited by accessibility, availability, and, in some cases, response to treatment. Enhancement with Internet technologies may mitigate these challenges. Methods We developed an enhanced CBT (eCBT) treatment package for children and adolescents with OCD to improve treatment effect as well as user-friendliness. This study aims to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of the eCBT intervention. The eCBT protocol consists of 10 face-to-face and 12 webcam sessions delivered in 14 weeks. CBT is enhanced by a smartphone application (app) for children and parents to support and monitor treatment, psychoeducative videos, and therapist-guided webcam exposure exercises conducted at home. Assessments were performed at baseline, post-treatment, and at 3- and 6-month follow-up. Primary measures of outcomes were the the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 (CSQ-8) (acceptability), treatment drop-out (feasibility) and the Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) (preliminary effectiveness). Results This paper describes 25 patients with OCD (aged 8–17 years) treated with eCBT. Results indicated that children and parents were satisfied with eCBT, with CSQ-8 mean scores of 27.58 (SD 0.67) and 29.5 (SD 3.74), respectively (range 8–32). No patients dropped out from treatment. We found a mean of 63.8% symptom reduction on the CY-BOCS from baseline to post-treatment. CY-BOCS scores further decreased during 3-month and 6-month follow-up. Conclusion In this explorative study, eCBT for pediatric OCD was a feasible, acceptable intervention demonstrating positive treatment outcomes.

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