Power Sensitivity Analysis of Multi-Frequency, Multi-Polarized, Multi-Temporal SAR Data for Soil-Vegetation System Variables Characterization

AbstractGlacier facies from the Greenland ice sheet and the Wrangell-St Elias Mountains, Alaska, are analyzed using multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from the European Space Agency ERS-1 satellite. Distinct zones and facies are visible in multi-temporal SAR data, including the dry-snow facies, the combined percolation and wet-snow facies, the ice facies, transient melt areas and moraine. In Greenland and south-central Alaska, very similar multi-temporal signatures are evident for the same facies, although these facies are found at lower altitude in West Greenland where the equilibrium line appears to be found at sea level at 71°30?N during the year analyzed (1992-93), probably because of the cooling effect of the eruption of Mount Pinatubo. In Greenland, both the percolation and dry-snow facies are excellent distributed targets for sensor calibration, with backscatter coefficients stable to within 0.2 dB. However, the percolation facies near the top of Mount Wrangell are more complex and less easily delineated than in Greenland, and at high altitude the glacier facies have a multi-temporal signature which depends sensitively on slope orientation.

Download Full-text

DCN-Based Spatial Features for Improving Parcel-Based Crop Classification Using High-Resolution Optical Images and Multi-Temporal SAR Data

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs11131619 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 1619 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zhou Ya’nan ◽

Luo Jiancheng ◽

Feng Li ◽

Zhou Xiaocheng

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

High Resolution ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Multivariate Time Series ◽

Hunan Province ◽

Spatial Features ◽

Optical Images ◽

Multi Temporal ◽

Crop Classification ◽

Sar Data

Spatial features retrieved from satellite data play an important role for improving crop classification. In this study, we proposed a deep-learning-based time-series analysis method to extract and organize spatial features to improve parcel-based crop classification using high-resolution optical images and multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data. Central to this method is the use of multiple deep convolutional networks (DCNs) to extract spatial features and to use the long short-term memory (LSTM) network to organize spatial features. First, a precise farmland parcel map was delineated from optical images. Second, hundreds of spatial features were retrieved using multiple DCNs from preprocessed SAR images and overlaid onto the parcel map to construct multivariate time-series of crop growth for parcels. Third, LSTM-based network structures for organizing these time-series features were constructed to produce a final parcel-based classification map. The method was applied to a dataset of high-resolution ZY-3 optical images and multi-temporal Sentinel-1A SAR data to classify crop types in the Hunan Province of China. The classification results, showing an improvement of greater than 5.0% in overall accuracy relative to methods without spatial features, demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method in extracting and organizing spatial features for improving parcel-based crop classification.

Download Full-text

The Automatic Detection of Fire Scar in Alaska using Multi-Temporal PALSAR Polarimetric SAR Data

Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing ◽

10.1080/07038992.2018.1543022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 447-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jujie Wei ◽

Yonghong Zhang ◽

Hong’an Wu ◽

Bin Cui

Keyword(s):

Automatic Detection ◽

Polarimetric Sar ◽

Fire Scar ◽

Multi Temporal ◽

Sar Data

Download Full-text

Wetland Classification with Multi-Angle/Temporal SAR Using Random Forests

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs11060670 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 670 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sarah Banks ◽

Lori White ◽

Amir Behnamian ◽

Zhaohua Chen ◽

Benoit Montpetit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Random Forests ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Machine Learning Techniques ◽

Wetland Classification ◽

Model Based ◽

Angle Data ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Multi Temporal ◽

Sar Data

To better understand and mitigate threats to the long-term health and functioning of wetlands, there is need to establish comprehensive inventorying and monitoring programs. Here, remote sensing data and machine learning techniques that could support or substitute traditional field-based data collection are evaluated. For the Bay of Quinte on Lake Ontario, Canada, different combinations of multi-angle/temporal quad pol RADARSAT-2, simulated compact pol RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM), and high and low spatial resolution Digital Elevation and Surface Models (DEM and DSM, respectively) were used to classify six land cover classes with Random Forests: shallow water, marsh, swamp, water, forest, and agriculture/non-forested. Results demonstrate that high accuracies can be achieved with multi-temporal SAR data alone (e.g., user’s and producer’s accuracies ≥90% for a model based on a spring image and a summer image), or via fusion of SAR and DEM and DSM data for single dates/incidence angles (e.g., user’s and producer’s accuracies ≥90% for a model based on a spring image, DEM, and DSM data). For all models based on single SAR images, simulated compact pol data generally achieved lower accuracies than quad pol RADARSAT-2 data. However, it was possible to compensate for observed differences through either multi-temporal/angle data fusion or the inclusion of DEM and DSM data (i.e., as a result, there was not a statistically significant difference between multiple models). With a higher repeat-pass cycle than RADARSAT-2, RCM is expected to be a reliable source of C-band SAR data that will contribute positively to ongoing efforts to inventory wetlands and monitor change in areas containing the same land cover classes evaluated here.

Download Full-text

Mid-season Crop Classification Using Dual-, Compact-, and Full-polarization in Preparation for the Radarsat Constellation Mission (RCM)

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs11131582 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 1582 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mahdianpari ◽

Mohammadimanesh ◽

McNairn ◽

Davidson ◽

Rezaee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Variable Importance ◽

Sar Images ◽

Object Based ◽

Multi Temporal ◽

Importance Analysis ◽

Crop Mapping ◽

Crop Classification ◽

Sar Data ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Marginal Improvement

Despite recent research on the potential of dual- (DP) and full-polarimetry (FP) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data for crop mapping, the capability of compact polarimetry (CP) SAR data has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This is of particular concern, given the availability of such data from RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) shortly. Previous studies have illustrated potential for accurate crop mapping using DP and FP SAR features, yet what contribution each feature makes to the model accuracy is not well investigated. Accordingly, this study examined the potential of the early- to mid-season (i.e., May to July) RADARSAT-2 SAR images for crop mapping in an agricultural region in Manitoba, Canada. Various classification scenarios were defined based on the extracted features from FP SAR data, as well as simulated DP and CP SAR data at two different noise floors. Both overall and individual class accuracies were compared for multi-temporal, multi-polarization SAR data using the pixel- and object-based random forest (RF) classification schemes. The late July C-band SAR observation was the most useful data for crop mapping, but the accuracy of single-date image classification was insufficient. Polarimetric decomposition features extracted from CP and FP SAR data produced relatively equal or slightly better classification accuracies compared to the SAR backscattering intensity features. The RF variable importance analysis revealed features that were sensitive to depolarization due to the volume scattering are the most important FP and CP SAR data. Synergistic use of all features resulted in a marginal improvement in overall classification accuracies, given that several extracted features were highly correlated. A reduction of highly correlated features based on integrating the Spearman correlation coefficient and the RF variable importance analyses boosted the accuracy of crop classification. In particular, overall accuracies of 88.23%, 82.12%, and 77.35% were achieved using the optimized features of FP, CP, and DP SAR data, respectively, using the object-based RF algorithm.

Download Full-text