Hardware for Recognition of Human Activities: A Review of Smart Home and AAL Related Technologies

Activity recognition (AR) from an applied perspective of ambient assisted living (AAL) and smart homes (SH) has become a subject of great interest. Promising a better quality of life, AR applied in contexts such as health, security, and energy consumption can lead to solutions capable of reaching even the people most in need. This study was strongly motivated because levels of development, deployment, and technology of AR solutions transferred to society and industry are based on software development, but also depend on the hardware devices used. The current paper identifies contributions to hardware uses for activity recognition through a scientific literature review in the Web of Science (WoS) database. This work found four dominant groups of technologies used for AR in SH and AAL—smartphones, wearables, video, and electronic components—and two emerging technologies: Wi-Fi and assistive robots. Many of these technologies overlap across many research works. Through bibliometric networks analysis, the present review identified some gaps and new potential combinations of technologies for advances in this emerging worldwide field and their uses. The review also relates the use of these six technologies in health conditions, health care, emotion recognition, occupancy, mobility, posture recognition, localization, fall detection, and generic activity recognition applications. The above can serve as a road map that allows readers to execute approachable projects and deploy applications in different socioeconomic contexts, and the possibility to establish networks with the community involved in this topic. This analysis shows that the research field in activity recognition accepts that specific goals cannot be achieved using one single hardware technology, but can be using joint solutions, this paper shows how such technology works in this regard.

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Ambient Assisted Living Systems: The Scope of Research and Development

Journal of Science and Technology Issue on Information and Communications Technology ◽

10.31130/jst.2017.46 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 21

Author(s):

Ashish D Patel ◽

Jigarkumar H. Shah

Keyword(s):

Assisted Living ◽

Independent Living ◽

Intelligent Systems ◽

New Technologies ◽

Ambient Assisted Living ◽

Smart Devices ◽

Economic Changes ◽

Aged Population ◽

The People ◽

Living Person

The aged population of the world is increasing by a large factor due to the availability of medical and other facilities. As the number grows rapidly, requirements of this segment of age (65+) are increasing rapidly as well as the percentage of aged persons living alone is also increasing with the same rate due to the inevitable socio-economic changes. This situation demands the solution of many problems like loneliness, chronic conditions, social interaction, transportation, day-to-day life and many more for independent living person. A large part of aged population may not be able to interact directly with new technologies. This sought some serious development towards the use of intelligent systems i.e. smart devices which helps the people with their inability to use the available as well future solutions. Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) is the answer to these problems. In this paper, issues related to AAL systems are studied. Study of challenges and limitations of this comparatively new field will help the designers to remove the barriers of AAL systems.

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AnkFall—Falls, Falling Risks and Daily-Life Activities Dataset with an Ankle-Placed Accelerometer and Training Using Recurrent Neural Networks

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21051889 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 1889

Author(s):

Francisco Luna-Perejón ◽

Luis Muñoz-Saavedra ◽

Javier Civit-Masot ◽

Anton Civit ◽

Manuel Domínguez-Morales

Keyword(s):

Elderly Person ◽

Fall Detection ◽

The Elderly ◽

Daily Life Activities ◽

Learning Classifier ◽

The People ◽

Activity Types ◽

Remote Monitoring Systems ◽

Secondary Study

Falls are one of the leading causes of permanent injury and/or disability among the elderly. When these people live alone, it is convenient that a caregiver or family member visits them periodically. However, these visits do not prevent falls when the elderly person is alone. Furthermore, in exceptional circumstances, such as a pandemic, we must avoid unnecessary mobility. This is why remote monitoring systems are currently on the rise, and several commercial solutions can be found. However, current solutions use devices attached to the waist or wrist, causing discomfort in the people who wear them. The users also tend to forget to wear the devices carried in these positions. Therefore, in order to prevent these problems, the main objective of this work is designing and recollecting a new dataset about falls, falling risks and activities of daily living using an ankle-placed device obtaining a good balance between the different activity types. This dataset will be a useful tool for researchers who want to integrate the fall detector in the footwear. Thus, in this work we design the fall-detection device, study the suitable activities to be collected, collect the dataset from 21 users performing the studied activities and evaluate the quality of the collected dataset. As an additional and secondary study, we implement a simple Deep Learning classifier based on this data to prove the system’s feasibility.

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Contactless Interactive Fall Detection and Sleep Quality Estimation for Supporting Elderly with Incipient Dementia

Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1515/cdbme-2020-3100 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 388-391

Author(s):

Roman Siedel ◽

Tobias Scheck ◽

Ana C. Perez Grassi ◽

Julian B. Seuffert ◽

André Apitzsch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Assisted Living ◽

Ambient Assisted Living ◽

Fall Detection ◽

Quality Estimation ◽

Emergency Situations ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Affected Person ◽

Development State ◽

Current Behaviour

AbstractIn recent years, the demographic change in conjunction with a lack of professional caregivers led to retirement homes reaching capacity. The Alzheimer Disease International stated that over 50 million people suffered from dementia in 2019 worldwide and twice the amount will presumably be effected in 2030. The field of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) tackles this problem by facilitating technical system-aided everyday life. AUXILIA is such an AAL system and does not only support elderly people with dementia in an early phase, but also monitors their activities to provide behaviour analysis results for care attendants, relatives and physicians. Moreover, the system is capable of recognizing emergency situations like human falls. Furthermore, sleep quality estimation is employed to be able to draw conclusions about the current behaviour of an affected person. This article presents the current development state of AUXILIA.

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An argumentation enabled decision making approach for Fall Activity Recognition in Social IoT based Ambient Assisted Living systems

Future Generation Computer Systems ◽

10.1016/j.future.2021.04.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. 82-97

Author(s):

Nancy Gulati ◽

Pankaj Deep Kaur

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Activity Recognition ◽

Assisted Living ◽

Ambient Assisted Living ◽

Living Systems

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Human Activity Recognition using Smartphone Sensors and Beacon-based Indoor Localization for Ambient Assisted Living Systems

2020 IEEE 16th International Conference on Intelligent Computer Communication and Processing (ICCP) ◽

10.1109/iccp51029.2020.9266158 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Andreea Valeria Vesa ◽

Simion Vlad ◽

Renato Rus ◽

Marcel Antal ◽

Claudia Pop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activity Recognition ◽

Human Activity ◽

Assisted Living ◽

Indoor Localization ◽

Ambient Assisted Living ◽

Human Activity Recognition ◽

Living Systems ◽

Smartphone Sensors

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System for Assistance on Bath of Bedridden Elderly People

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering ◽

10.1115/imece2014-38711 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Karolina Bezerra ◽

José Machado ◽

Vitor Carvalho ◽

Filomena Soares ◽

Bruno Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Elderly People ◽

Conceptual Design ◽

Assisted Living ◽

Ambient Assisted Living ◽

The Other ◽

Mechatronic System ◽

Rehabilitation Centers ◽

Aged Person

From Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) perspective it is important to have information regarding the type of care needed by bedridden elderly people (BEP) living in their homes, in order to support independence, autonomy and maximize their quality of life. Some basic tasks as eating, taking a bath and the hygiene cares may be difficult to execute, regarding that almost always the main caregiver is the other element of the couple (husband or wife). Following this trend, the development of mechatronic devices is of upmost importance in creating solutions to facilitate these tasks. This paper presents the conceptual design of a mechatronic system especially devoted to the assistance during the bath of BEP. Issues as reducing the number of caregivers to only one to assist the bath and reducing the system’s handling complexity (because most of the time it will be used by an aged person) are considered. Visits to rehabilitation centers and hospitals, and respective working meetings, are considered in the development of the proposed mechatronic system.

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