Joint application of radar visibility reduction and anti-radar masking technologies to protect aircraft from remote monitoring systems

Using spectral energy equations of transmission-reception of wave processes in radio channel with scattering on object and direct radio channel, analysis of energy ratios of information signals and active masking interference at inputs of receivers of remote monitoring systems is carried out. Measures to reduce visibility are aimed at changing the reflective signatures of objects in the interests of reducing the de-masking features contained in secondary electromagnetic radiation to limits that exclude the performance of radar monitoring tasks at established distances and time intervals. Active interference is designed to mask information signals in receiving channels of radar at power that does not allow detecting their designers by passive radar. In case of joint application of not iceability reducing devices and active jammers, radar range reducing coefficient is determined by product of coefficient characterizing possibility of autonomous masking of information signals and coefficient achievable due to reduction of secondary electromagnetic radiation power in the second degree. The laws of increase of aircraft stealth from radar observation with joint application of technologies of reduction of radar visibility and masking by intentional interference created from sides of protected objects and from assigned points have been investigated. In order to maintain the desired signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the receiver with a decrease in the duration of the probing signal, it is necessary to proportionally increase the density of the emitted energy. With given antenna sizes, the maximum signal transmission range is proportional to the root square of their cyclic carrier frequency; increase of this parameter leads to increase of partial coefficient of directional action and effective area of antenna. With a decrease in the cyclic frequency of the carrier of the probing signal, inorder to maintain the required directional properties of the antennas, it is necessary to increase their dimensions.

Hardware and software complex for remote monitoring and control of a pregnant woman's health state

Introduction: The problem of remote monitoring of people's health has become especially urgent nowadays due to the rapid spread of dangerous infectious and viral diseases, such as COVID-19. This period was especially difficult for pregnant women. According to Rosstat statistics, in 2020, maternal mortality in Russia increased by 24.4% compared to 2019 and reached 11.2 per 100,000 newborns. This is the worst level since 2013. In the current conditions, there is a necessity for developing remote monitoring systems which allow you to check the health status of a pregnant woman remotely using tools outside a medical institution. Purpose: To develop the structure and validate the choice of elements for a hardware and software complex which would perform remote monitoring outside a medical institution and assess the condition of pregnant women during their active life. Results: An automated questionnaire for pregnant women has been developed in accordance with the methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, providing a quantitative assessment of the current state of a pregnant woman in order to study the dynamics of her health. Based on the results of instrumental studies, according to 30 factors of patient's body functioning and the questionnaire data, a set of diagnostically significant indicators was developed. For each of them, a range of values was specified (norm, alarm, pathology). We have developed an experimental sample of the hardware and software complex and tested its functioning, particularly the modes of taking biomedical data by urine tests. The algorithms for processing and analysis of biomedical data have been experimentally studied in order to confirm the validity of the proposed solutions. Practical relevance: The results of the studies allow us to affirmatively answer the question about the possibility of remote monitoring outside a medical institution and assessing the health state of a pregnant woman in order to predict pregnancy complications, as well as to validate the choice of measuring channels for recording a complex of biomedical signals and data, and the choice of algorithms for information processing and analysis.

Smart Agriculture and Smart Farming using IoT Technology

It has become easier to access agriculture data in recent years as a result of a decline in digital breaches between agricultural producers and IoT technologies. These future technologies can be used to boost productivity by cultivating food more sustainably while also preserving the environment, thanks to improved water use and input and treatment optimization. The Internet of Things (IoT) enables the production of agricultural process-supporting systems. Referred to as remote monitoring systems, decision support tools, automated irrigation systems, frost protection systems, and fertilisation systems, respectively. Farmers and researchers must be provided with a detailed understanding of IoT applications in agriculture as a result of the knowledge described above. This study is about using Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and techniques to enhance agriculture. This article is meant to serve as an introduction to IoT-based applications in agriculture by identifying need for such tools and explaining how they support agriculture.

A Survey on Telemedicine in a Sleep Clinic During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Benefits and Barriers!

Background. Several restrictive measures have been taken to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2, restricting the access to outpatient follow-ups, increasing waiting lists in chronic diseases, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of study is to evaluate the benefits and the barriers of telemedicine in a sleep clinic.Methods. Subjects with diagnosis of OSA treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were surveyed with a phone-questionnaire to assess the difficulties and knowledge of remote monitoring systems (telemedicine). Furthermore, the participants were divided into two groups according to the favor of telemedicine visits, POSITIVE (in-favor) and NEGATIVE (in favor of in-person visits) and compared with statistical methods.Results. Fifty-three OSA participants (85% men), aged 67,9±7,5 yrs and BMI 36,0±8,0 kg/m 2 were enrolled in the study. The comparison of POSITIVE (24/53) and NEGATIVE (29/53) groups showed some significant differences: knowledge of telemedicine (p=0,001), high education level (p=0,01) and high computer skills (p=0,001) are the main factors influencing the acceptance of telemedicine. In addition, 57% of overall participants seem more likely to conduct a remote visit in the future.Conclusions. Although telemedicine is a useful tool, a majority of patients in our study preferred in-person visits. However, they are willing to conduct telemedicine visits in the future, so our findings suggest that improving patient computer skills and updating technological systems in order to facilitate patients' access may be important strategies to boost acceptance of telemedicine.

Providing post-lung transplant care during the time of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern. Solid organ transplant recipients have been identified as being at high risk of acquiring the virus SARS-CoV-2 and having a more severe COVID-19 disease. This article describes the experience of the National Lung Transplant Centre in Ireland in changing established care pathways for lung transplant recipients during the pandemic. The innovations which were put in place to protect this clinically vulnerable group are discussed. With the advancement of technology and remote monitoring systems available, patient-focused strategies and community-based interventions were implemented. Additional strategies have been implemented so that the new model of care can be safely maintained.

The wave algorithm used to determine the optimal indoor route for smoke divers in case of fire and fumigation

Introduction. One of the main objectives, pursued by the information analysis support extended to smoke divers, is the preparation of indoor routes. Technical capabilities, represented by advanced remote monitoring systems, provide a fire extinguishing manager with the necessary information about the point of fire origin and mathematical tools allow to predict fire spreading characteristics. The goal of this work is to develop an algorithm for the preparation of an optimal indoor route for smoke divers to support management decisions in the event of fire. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop the theoretical framework and implement it in a software programme.Theoretical foundations. The theory of cellular automata is employed in this paper to simulate the routes of smoke divers inside a building. A cellular automaton with a Moore neighborhood is applied. We use differential equations, similar to the Kolmogorov equations, to monitor the fire parameters.Results and discussions. A modified wave algorithm was developed to determine the optimal indoor route. The software tool was applied to simulate the route of gas divers. Coefficients of importance were applied in the process of mathematical modeling; they took account of the prioritized work to be performed by smoke divers.Conclusions. The results of the study suggest that the algorithm allows to identify the optimal itinerary, thereby enabling the decision maker, responsible for sending teams of smoke divers to the work performance location, to make a reasonable choice of the point of entry for the personnel and machinery, as well as their itinerary inside the building.

WSN-BASED MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR THE SOLAR POWER STATIONS OF THE TELECOMMUNICATION DEVICES

Renewable energy sources are an increasingly popular way to generate electrical energy for telecommunications systems. The use and effectiveness of remote monitoring systems in such systems has led to growing interests relatively to it. As with any new technological systems, new problems have arisen in the use of renewable energy sources in telecommunications systems and the use of IoT-based remote monitoring systems in them. In particular, one of these problems is the decentralization of remote monitoring systems for renewable power plants of telecommunication systems. The paper details the stages of development and modelling of open-source centralized monitoring systems for solar power station of telecommunication systems. In this paper, a real-time remote monitoring system of solar power sources was modelled and investigated by wireless sensor networks of telecommunications devices. Proteus software environment was obtained for modelling. Before modelling the system, a system structure and a block diagram were developed, each of the elements that are part of the system is described. Software for the system was created. The developed structure and software were tested by modelling. The results of the modelling were presented in a virtual terminal, an oscillography, and a local web browser. ABSTRAK: Sumber tenaga boleh baharu semakin meningkat popular dalam menghasilkan tenaga elektrik bagi sistem telekomunikasi. Penggunaan dan keberkesanan sistem pemonitoran jarak jauh dalam jaringan ini telah membawa kepada peningkatan minat kepada tenaga boleh baharu. Walau bagaimanapun, melalui sistem teknologi baru ini, masalah baru timbul dalam penggunaan punca tenaga boleh baharu dalam sistem telekomunikasi dan penggunaan bersama sistem pemonitoran berdasarkan IoT. Khususnya dalam desentralisasi sistem pemonitoran jarak jauh bagi loji kuasa sistem telekomunikasi. Kajian ini merincikan peringkat pembinaan dan model sumber terbuka berpusat sistem pemonitoran bagi sistem janakuasa solar sistem telekomunikasi. Kajian ini turut memodelkan sistem pemonitoran jarak jauh secara langsung bagi sumber kuasa solar dan dikaji dengan rangkaian sensor tanpa jaringan bagi alatan telekomunikasi. Perisian Proteus telah dihasilkan bagi model ini. Sebelum model sistem dibina, struktur sistem dan gambar rajah blok dibina. Setiap unsur dalam sistem ini diperihalkan. Perisian bagi sistem ini turut dibina. Struktur yang dibina dan perisian ini diuji melalui model. Hasil dapatan model dibentangkan dalam pangkalan maya, oscilograf dan pelayar web tempatan.

Study of a Low-cost Heart rate Remote monitoring system using the Arduino platform

<p>Currently, remote monitoring systems have evolvedto respond to the peculiar needs in the healthcare industry, suchas Cardiovascular diseases, which is an essential foundation in themodern concept of the smart city. We propose a system to monitorpatient current health conditions as a healthcare system basedon the widely spread available low-cost technologies, namely,GSM and Arduino platform. Statistics show that hypertensiveheart disease and blood pressure are risk factors for the highdeath rate. To decrease it, preventive measures should be appliedproviding a health monitoring system to save the patient life atan acceptable time. The objective of this paper is to developa prototype of a low-cost system, that is capable of performingremote monitoring of a patient’s heart rate and body temperaturein real-time and stores the data on the memory card using low-cost hardware such as Arduino, and also, using the servicesprovided by the GSM network, to enable communication witha health specialists cell phone upon request or if there areanomalies in the values measured by the sensors. The studyfocuses on heartbeat rate using the Difference Operation Method(DOM), described by Yeh & Wang, and body temperature, thus,in case of emergency, a short call is done, and then an SMS issent to the health specialist’s mobile containing measured values.Using this algorithm and after some tests using data from theMIT BIH Database distribution, we manage to find the bestsample frequency and eliminate the distortion of the signal.</p> sample frequency and eliminate the distortion of the signal.

Study of a Low-cost Heart rate Remote monitoring system using the Arduino platform

<p>Currently, remote monitoring systems have evolvedto respond to the peculiar needs in the healthcare industry, suchas Cardiovascular diseases, which is an essential foundation in themodern concept of the smart city. We propose a system to monitorpatient current health conditions as a healthcare system basedon the widely spread available low-cost technologies, namely,GSM and Arduino platform. Statistics show that hypertensiveheart disease and blood pressure are risk factors for the highdeath rate. To decrease it, preventive measures should be appliedproviding a health monitoring system to save the patient life atan acceptable time. The objective of this paper is to developa prototype of a low-cost system, that is capable of performingremote monitoring of a patient’s heart rate and body temperaturein real-time and stores the data on the memory card using low-cost hardware such as Arduino, and also, using the servicesprovided by the GSM network, to enable communication witha health specialists cell phone upon request or if there areanomalies in the values measured by the sensors. The studyfocuses on heartbeat rate using the Difference Operation Method(DOM), described by Yeh & Wang, and body temperature, thus,in case of emergency, a short call is done, and then an SMS issent to the health specialist’s mobile containing measured values.Using this algorithm and after some tests using data from theMIT BIH Database distribution, we manage to find the bestsample frequency and eliminate the distortion of the signal.</p> sample frequency and eliminate the distortion of the signal.

The pilot, proof of concept REMOTE-COVID trial: remote monitoring use in suspected cases of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV 2)

Background SARS-CoV-2 has ever-increasing attributed deaths. Vital sign trends are routinely used to monitor patients with changes in these parameters preceding an adverse event. Wearable sensors can measure vital signs continuously and remotely, outside of hospital facilities, recognising early clinical deterioration. We aim to determine the feasibility & acceptability of remote monitoring systems for quarantined individuals in a hotel suspected of COVID-19. Methods A pilot, proof-of-concept, feasibility trial was conducted in engineered hotels near London airports (May–June 2020). Individuals arriving to London with mild suspected COVID-19 symptoms requiring quarantine, as recommended by Public Health England, or healthcare professionals with COVID-19 symptoms unable to isolate at home were eligible. The SensiumVitals™ patch, measuring temperature, heart & respiratory rates, was applied on arrival for the duration of their stay. Alerts were generated when pre-established thresholds were breeched; trained nursing staff could consequently intervene. Results Fourteen individuals (M = 7, F = 7) were recruited; the mean age was 34.9 (SD 11) years. Mean length of stay was 3 (SD 1.8) days. In total, 10 vital alerts were generated across 4 participants, resulting in telephone contact, reassurance, or adjustment of the sensor. No individuals required hospitalisation or virtual general practitioner review. Discussion This proof-of-concept trial demonstrated the feasibility of a rapidly implemented model of healthcare delivery through remote monitoring during a pandemic at a hotel, acting as an extension to a healthcare trust. Benefits included reduced viral exposure to healthcare staff, with recognition of clinical deterioration through ambulatory, continuous, remote monitoring using a discrete wearable sensor. Conclusion Remote monitoring systems can be applied to hotels to deliver healthcare safely in individuals suspected of COVID-19. Further work is required to evaluate this model on a larger scale. Trial registration Clinical trials registration information: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04337489 (07/04/2020).