Analysis of Electric Motor Magnetic Core Loss under Axial Mechanical Stress

The electrical machine core is subjected to mechanical stresses during manufacturing processes. These stresses include radial, circumferential and axial components that may have significant influence on the magnetic properties and it further leads to increase in iron loss and permeability in the stator core. In this research work, analysis of magnetic core iron loss under axial mechanical stress is investigated. The magnetic core is designed with Magnetic Flux Density (MF) ranging from 1.0 T to 1.5 T with estimated dimensions under various input voltages from 5 V to 85 V. Iron losses are predicted by the axial pressure created manually wherever required and is further applied to the designed magnetic core in the range of 5 MPa to 50 MPa. Finite element analysis is employed to estimate the magnetic core parameters and the magnetic core dimensions. A ring core is designed with the selected dimensions for the experimental evaluation. The analysis of iron loss at 50 Hz frequency for non-oriented electrical steel of M400-50A is tested experimentally using the Epstein frame test and force-fit setup test. Experimental evaluation concludes that the magnetic core saturates when it reaches its knee point of the B-H curve of the chosen material and also reveals that the axial pressure has a high impact on the magnetic properties of the material.

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Core Loss Measurement of Somaloy 700 Material Under Round Loci of Magnetic Flux Density

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i3.25.17478 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (3.25) ◽

pp. 109

Author(s):

Ashraf Rohanim Asari ◽

Youguang Guo ◽

Jianguo Zhu

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Core Loss ◽

Core Material ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Electrical Machine ◽

Magnetization Process ◽

Good Information ◽

Rotating Magnetic Fields ◽

Loss Measurement ◽

The Core

The magnetic properties of SOMALOY 700 material are aggressively studied by some researchers in predicting the production of total core loss during the magnetization process of that particular material. Core loss is resulted due to the alternating and rotating magnetic fields in a core material. The magnetic properties of SOMALOY 700 material is studied in this paper since it offers the low core loss during the operation. 2-D measurement were conducted by controlling the fluxes to be circular with the help of LabVIEW while the core loss calculations were calculated by MathCAD. The performance of SOMALOY 700 material at different frequencies were compared. The finding indicates that the magnetization at 1000 Hz contributes higher core loss compared to the magnetization at 500 Hz and 50 Hz. The details of SOMALOY 700 material provide good information to practitioners in designing electrical machine at different variation of frequencies.

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Effects of Lanthanum and Boron on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Non-oriented Electrical Steels

High Temperature Materials and Processes ◽

10.1515/htmp-2013-0039 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 115-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yong Wan ◽

Wei-qing Chen ◽

Shao-jie Wu

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Core Loss ◽

Inclusion Size ◽

Fiber Texture ◽

The Other ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Boron Steel ◽

Final Annealing ◽

Electrical Steels ◽

Microstructure And Magnetic Properties

AbstractThe effects of lanthanum and boron on the inclusion size distribution, microstructure, texture and magnetic properties of three non-oriented electrical steels have been studied. After final annealing, lanthanum effectively inhibited the precipitation of MnS precipitates and promoted the growth of grains, an addition of 0.0041 wt.% boron led to the precipitation of Fe2B particles and inhibited grain growth. On the other hand, steel containing 0.0055 wt.% lanthanum had the strongest {100} and {111} fiber texture and the weakest {112}〈110〉 texture among the steels. Compared to steel without lanthanum and boron, steel with 0.0050 wt.% lanthanum and 0.0041 wt.% boron obtained slightly stronger intensities of {100} and {111} fiber texture, and a little weaker intensity of {112}〈110〉 texture. Steel containing 0.0055 wt.% lanthanum achieved the best magnetic properties, whose core loss and magnetic flux density were 4.268 W/kg and 1.768 T, respectively.

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Preparation and Magnetic Properties of Fe@SiO2 Soft Magnetic Composites

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.993.638 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 993 ◽

pp. 638-645

Author(s):

Shuai Feng ◽

Yan An ◽

Zong Xiang Wang ◽

Kai Sun ◽

Run Hua Fan

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Core Loss ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Iron Particles ◽

Soft Magnetic ◽

Magnetic Composites ◽

Insulating Layer ◽

Iron Powders

In this work, the insulating SiO2 was coated successfully on the surface of reduced iron particles by a sol-gel method to decrease the core loss at low frequency. The scanning electron microscope images and elements analysis confirm that the surface of iron powders particles were covered by a thin insulating layer in the form of uniform core-shell structure. The samples were annealed at 400 °C in N2 atmosphere to obtain better magnetic properties. The annealed SMCs with 10 mL/h dropping rate of TEOS have optimum magnetic properties with low core loss Ps of 280.89 W/kg and high saturation magnetic flux density Bs of 1.038 T at 1000 Hz.

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Orientation of Island and Small Grains in Grain Oriented Electrical Steels

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.753.530 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 753 ◽

pp. 530-533

Author(s):

Jong Tae Park ◽

Hyun Seok Ko ◽

Hyung Don Joo ◽

Dae Hyun Song ◽

Kyung Jun Ko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Grain Boundary ◽

Magnetic Flux ◽

Core Loss ◽

Secondary Recrystallization ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Recrystallization Annealing ◽

Goss Texture ◽

Electrical Steels ◽

Small Grains

Grain oriented electrical steels should have low core loss and high magnetic flux density. These properties are closely related with sharpness of {110} texture after secondary recrystallization. This Goss texture develops by abnormal grain growth during secondary recrystallization annealing. Based on experimental results, a general suggestion which estimates the magnetic properties after secondary recrystallization from a primary recrystallized texture can be made. For a material to have better magnetic properties after secondary recrystallization, its primary recrystallized texture should have not only larger number of ideal Goss grains, but also lower frequency of low angle grain boundary around those Goss grains.

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Simulation of iron losses in induction machines using an iron loss model for rotating magnetization loci in no electrical steel

COMPEL The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering ◽

10.1108/compel-06-2021-0220 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Martin Marco Nell ◽

Benedikt Schauerte ◽

Tim Brimmers ◽

Kay Hameyer

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Flux Density ◽

Core Loss ◽

Induction Machine ◽

Iron Loss ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Loss Model ◽

Content Type ◽

Iron Losses ◽

Loss Models

Purpose Various iron loss models can be used for the simulation of electrical machines. In particular, the effect of rotating magnetic flux density at certain geometric locations in a machine is often neglected by conventional iron loss models. The purpose of this paper is to compare the adapted IEM loss model for rotational magnetization that is developed within the context of this work with other existing models in the framework of a finite element simulation of an exemplary induction machine. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, an adapted IEM loss model for rotational magnetization, developed within the context of the paper, is implemented in a finite element method simulation and used to calculate the iron losses of an exemplary induction machine. The resulting iron losses are compared with the iron losses simulated using three other already existing iron loss models that do not consider the effects of rotational flux densities. The used iron loss models are the modified Bertotti model, the IEM-5 parameter model and a dynamic core loss model. For the analysis, different operating points and different locations within the machine are examined, leading to the analysis of different shapes and amplitudes of the flux density curves. Findings The modified Bertotti model, the IEM-5 parameter model and the dynamic core loss model underestimate the hysteresis and excess losses in locations of rotational magnetizations and low-flux densities, while they overestimate the losses for rotational magnetization and high-flux densities. The error is reduced by the adapted IEM loss model for rotational magnetization. Furthermore, it is shown that the dynamic core loss model results in significant higher hysteresis losses for magnetizations with a high amount of harmonics. Originality/value The simulation results show that the adapted IEM loss model for rotational magnetization provides very similar results to existing iron loss models in the case of unidirectional magnetization. Furthermore, it is able to reproduce the effects of rotational flux densities on iron losses within a machine simulation.

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Effect of Antimony on the Structure, Texture and Magnetic Properties of High Efficiency Non-Oriented Electrical Steel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.435 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 602-604 ◽

pp. 435-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Na Li ◽

Li Xiang ◽

Pei Zhao

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Magnetic Flux ◽

Flux Density ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Electrical Steel ◽

Core Loss ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Antimony Content ◽

The Core ◽

Maximum Value

The effect of antimony on the structure, texture and magnetic properties of high efficiency non-oriented electrical steel were investigated. The results showed that antimony played an important role on inhibiting the grain growth and enhancing the fraction of favorable texture in the annealed steels. With the increase of antimony content, core loss of specimens monotonously increased and the magnetic flux density increased firstly and then decreased. The magnetic properties of specimen results showed that the magnetic flux density in the steel with 0.12% antimony reached the maximum value, while the core loss didn’t increase obviously. However, when the antimony content in steel reached 0.22%, the magnetic properties deteriorated significantly. This is maybe that the addition of antimony in steels inhibited the development of {111} texture content and increased the intensity of Goss and {100} texture on the grain boundary.

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Correlation between Texture at Primary Recrystallized State and Magnetic Properties in Grain Oriented Electrical Steels

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.726 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 702-703 ◽

pp. 726-729

Author(s):

Jong Tae Park ◽

Hyung Don Joo ◽

Dae Hyun Song ◽

Kyung Jun Ko ◽

No Jin Park

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Grain Boundary ◽

Magnetic Flux ◽

Grain Growth ◽

Core Loss ◽

Secondary Recrystallization ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Recrystallization Annealing ◽

Goss Texture ◽

Electrical Steels

Desirable magnetic properties for grain oriented electrical steels are low core loss and high magnetic flux density. These properties are closely related with sharpness of {110} texture. This Goss texture develops by abnormal grain growth during secondary recrystallization annealing. Based on experimental results, a general suggestion which estimates the magnetic properties after completion of secondary recrystallization from a primary recrystallized texture can be proposed. For a material to have better magnetic properties after completion of secondary recrystallization, it should have a primary recrystallized texture in which there are not only large number of ideal Goss grains, but also lower frequency of low angle grain boundary around those Goss grains.

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Estimation of Energy Losses in Nanocrystalline FINEMET Alloys Working at High Frequency

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14247745 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (24) ◽

pp. 7745

Author(s):

Lucian-Gabriel Petrescu ◽

Maria-Catalina Petrescu ◽

Emil Cazacu ◽

Catalin-Daniel Constantinescu

Keyword(s):

High Frequency ◽

Core Loss ◽

Magnetic Core ◽

Soft Magnetic Materials ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Nominal Composition ◽

Magnetic Alloy ◽

Soft Magnetic ◽

Soft Magnetic Alloy ◽

Electromagnetic Devices

Soft magnetic materials are at the core of electromagnetic devices. Planar transformers are essential pieces of equipment working at high frequency. Usually, their magnetic core is made of various types of ferrites or iron-based alloys. An upcoming alternative might be the replacement the ferrites with FINEMET-type alloys, of nominal composition of Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu3Nb1 (at. %). FINEMET is a nanocrystalline material exhibiting excellent magnetic properties at high frequencies, a soft magnetic alloy that has been in the focus of interest in the last years thanks to its high saturation magnetization, high permeability, and low core loss. Here, we present and discuss the measured and modelled properties of this material. Owing to the limits of the experimental set-up, an estimate of the total magnetic losses within this magnetic material is made, for values greater than the measurement limits of the magnetic flux density and frequency, with reasonable results for potential applications of FINMET-type alloys and thin films in high frequency planar transformer cores.

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Calculation and validation of iron loss in laminated core of power and distribution transformers

COMPEL The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering ◽

10.1108/compel-10-2012-0251 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (1/2) ◽

pp. 137-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xiaoyan Wang ◽

Zhiguang Cheng ◽

Li Lin ◽

Jianmin Wang

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Flux ◽

Flux Density ◽

Core Loss ◽

Iron Loss ◽

Magnetic Flux Density ◽

Content Type ◽

The Core ◽

Distribution Transformers ◽

The Impact ◽

Transformer Core

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a simple method to analyze the iron loss in the laminated core of power and distribution transformers. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a practical method to calculate the no-load loss in the transformer cores. Considering the non-uniformity of the magnetic flux density in the corner areas of the Epstein frames will affect the measurement precision of the Wt-B curves then further affect the core loss calculation in FEM, a dual-Epstein frame method is used to measure the Wt-B curves with the Epstein sample stripes cutting by different angles to the rolling direction. A 2D FEM that considers the type of joints of the core and eddy current effect in the laminations is used to analyze the core loss with multi-angle Wt-B curves. Findings – The impact of lamination thickness, size of gaps and type of joint of the core are considered. Considering the no-load testing conditions, harmonics in the exciting currents are taken into account. Originality/value – Harmonic wave of magnetic flux density in the transformer core is calculated and the core loss in the joint region is calculated by the loss curve measured with dual-Epstein frame. It makes the calculation result of transformer core loss more exactly.

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