scholarly journals Diagnosis of Bone Mineral Density Based on Backscattering Resonance Phenomenon Using Coregistered Functional Laser Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Probes

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8243
Author(s):  
Lifeng Yang ◽  
Chulin Chen ◽  
Zhaojiang Zhang ◽  
Xin Wei
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducer ◽  
Standing Waves ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Resonance Frequencies

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) machines based on bone mineral density (BMD) represent the gold standard for osteoporosis diagnosis and assessment of fracture risk, but bone strength and toughness are strongly correlated with bone collagen content (CC). Early detection of osteoporosis combined with BMD and CC will provide improved predictability for avoiding fracture risk. The backscattering resonance (BR) phenomenon is present in both ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic (PA) signal transmissions through bone, and the peak frequencies of BR can be changed with BM and CC. This phenomenon can be explained by the formation of standing waves within the pores. Simulations were then conducted for the same bone µCT images and the resulting resonance frequencies were found to match those predicted using the standing wave hypothesis. Experiments were performed on the same bone sample using an 808 nm wavelength laser as the PA source and 3.5 MHz ultrasonic transducer as the US source. The backscattering resonance effect was observed in the transmitted waves. These results verify our hypothesis that the backscattering resonance phenomenon is present in both US and PA signal transmissions and can be explained using the standing waves model, which will provide a suitable method for the early detection of osteoporosis.

Fracture risk among men, in relation to osteopenia and osteoporosis defined by areal bone mineral density

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Pasco ◽  
Stephen Lane ◽  
Sharon Brennan ◽  
Elizabeth Timney ◽  
Gosia Bucki-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density

Association of PLXNA2 polymorphisms with vertebral fracture risk and bone mineral density in postmenopausal Korean population

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1592-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. -Y. Hwang ◽  
J. -Y. Lee ◽  
M. -H. Park ◽  
K. -S. Kim ◽  
K. -K. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Korean Population ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Vertebral Fracture Risk

The effects of caffeine on bone mineral density and fracture risk

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Berman ◽  
S. Honig ◽  
B. N. Cronstein ◽  
M. H. Pillinger
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density

scholarly journals Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density T ‐Score and Nonvertebral Fracture Risk Over 10 Years of Denosumab Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ferrari ◽  
C Libanati ◽  
Celia Jow Fang Lin ◽  
JP Brown ◽  
F Cosman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Nonvertebral Fracture ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Denosumab Treatment

scholarly journals Weight loss since early adulthood, later life risk of fracture hospitalizations, and bone mineral density: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zewei Shen ◽  
◽  
Canqing Yu ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Zheng Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Broadband Ultrasound Attenuation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Mineral Density

Abstract Summary In a Chinese population from both urban and rural areas, weight loss of ≥ 5 kg from early adulthood to midlife was associated with a higher risk of hip fracture and lower BMD in later life. Introduction This study investigates the association of the long-term weight loss from young adulthood through the middle ages with the subsequent 10-year risk of hospitalized fracture and calcaneus bone mineral density (BMD). Methods China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) was established during 2004–2008 in ten areas across China. Weight at age 25 years was self-reported at baseline, and weight at baseline and resurvey was measured by the calibrated equipment. Outcomes were hospitalized fracture during follow-up and calcaneus BMD measured at resurvey. Analysis for fracture risk included 411,812 participants who were free of fracture in the last 5 years before baseline, cancer, or stroke at any time before baseline. Analysis for BMD included 21,453 participants who participated in the resurvey of 2013–2014 with the same exclusion criteria as above. Results The mean age was 50.8 at baseline and 58.4 at resurvey. Median weight change from age 25 to baseline was 4.4 kg, with 20.7% losing weight and 58.5% gaining weight. During a median follow-up of 10.1 years, we documented 13,065 cases of first diagnosed fracture hospitalizations, including 1222 hip fracture. Compared with participants whose weight was stable (± 2.4 kg), the adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for those with weight loss of ≥ 5.0 kg from age 25 to baseline was 1.39 (1.17 to 1.66) for hip fracture. Weight loss was not associated with fracture risk at other sites. Those with weight loss from age 25 to resurvey had the lowest BMD measures, with β (95% CIs) of − 4.52 (− 5.08 to − 3.96) for broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), − 4.83 (− 6.98, − 2.67) for speed of sound (SOS), and − 4.36 (− 5.22, − 3.49) for stiffness index (SI). Conclusions Weight loss from early adulthood to midlife was associated with a higher risk of hip fracture and lower BMD in later life.

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