scholarly journals Effects of Protective American Football Headgear on Peripheral Vision Reaction Time and Visual Target Detection in Division I NCAA Football Players

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Miller ◽  
Rebecca R. Rogers ◽  
Tyler D. Williams ◽  
Mallory R. Marshall ◽  
Justin R. Moody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Target Detection ◽  
Peripheral Vision ◽  
Visual Target ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
American Football ◽  
Division I ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Reaction Time Test

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of protective football headgear on peripheral vision reaction time and visual target detection. Twenty-five Division I NCAA football players (age = 20.5 yrs ± 0.9, height = 185.9 cm ± 6.8, body mass = 99.2 kg ± 19.2, BMI = 29.6 ± 4.5) participated. In a crossover counterbalanced study design, subjects participated in one visit with three conditions: Baseline (BL) without headgear, helmet only (HO), helmet with an eye shield (HE). Subjects completed a 1-min peripheral vision reaction time test for each condition separated by 3-min recovery periods. Tests were administered using a 64 light Dynavision D2 Visuomotor board. Target detection (total hit score) was higher during BL than HO (p < 0.001) and HE (p < 0.001). Average (p < 0.001), peak (p < 0.001), minimum (p < 0.001), and median (p < 0.001) peripheral reaction times were faster during BL than HO and HE. No significant differences were observed for any measures between HO and HE conditions (p > 0.05). Findings indicate that protective football headgear impaired reaction time to peripheral visual stimuli. The addition of an eye shield to the helmet had a small non-significant effect on reaction time and target detection. These results may hold important implications in helmet design and player safety.

scholarly journals Comparison of Mind Control Techniques: An Assessment of Reaction Times

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-600
Author(s):  
Varun Malhotra ◽  
Neera Goel ◽  
Usha Dhar ◽  
Rinku Garg ◽  
Yogish Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Devotional Music ◽  
Mind Control ◽  
Visual Reaction ◽  
Time Test ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Reaction Time Test

Background: Every activity requires a certain amount of concentration and no effective action may be performed without deep concentration. Businessman or artists or students in school must know the art of focusing all powers of attention on a single point in order to succeed in their respective vocation.Methods: We wanted to find the best technique to increase the concentration scientifically. We thus, endeavored to study and compare the reaction times in maneuvers of anuloma viloma pranayama, kapalbhatti pranayama, gayatri chanting and exercise. Reaction time test was taken online before anuloma viloma pranayama, kapalbhatti pranayama, gayatri chanting and exercise and compared after.Results: Reaction times decreased significantly and was least during gayatri mantra. Concentration as seen by a decrease in visual reaction time denotes first a withdrawal of attention from objects of distraction and then focusing all attention upon one thing at a time. Just 30 minutes of physical activity each day offers substantial benefits to your health.Conclusions: Pranayama or devotional music chanting also decreases fatigue keeps the mind alert, and active.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(4) 2016 p.596-600

scholarly journals A Model to Predict Children’s Reaction Time at Signalized Intersections

Safety ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Ištoka Otković
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Reaction Time Test ◽  
Real Traffic

Traffic accident statistics in urban areas, both locally in Croatia and at the European level, identify children as a group of vulnerable road users. The analysis of the parameters that influence the interaction of child pedestrians and other road users requires special attention. This paper presents the results of research about the reaction time of children, measured both in laboratory conditions, via a computer reaction time test, and in actual traffic conditions. The results of the reaction time test in a situation with expected stimuli (a computer test) of children aged 6 to 10 years were compared with the results of the reaction time of adult traffic participants, drivers, who also took part in the computer test. Standard deviations of the reaction times between the control group (drivers, adults) and each subgroup of children were significantly different (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the largest developmental jump occurs between preschool children and first-grade children. In actual traffic conditions, the reaction time of children aged 4 to 16 years at the signalized intersection was measured. The model for predicting the reaction time of children in real traffic conditions was created using a neural network. The model prediction results matched well with the values measured in actual traffic conditions, for the observed intersection (correlation coefficient is 94.56%) and for the validation intersection (correlation coefficient is 92.29%). Parameters influencing children’s reaction times in real traffic conditions were identified by applying both statistical analysis and the neural network model developed. Using both methods, the same key distractors were identified—the movement of children in the group and the use of mobile phones. The case study was conducted at selected signalized intersections in the city of Osijek, Croatia.

Open-source open-access reaction time test (OORTT): an easy tool to assess reaction times

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Rigoli ◽  
Alessio Facchin ◽  
Davide Cardile ◽  
Nicoletta Beschin ◽  
Claudio Luzzatti
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Reaction Time Test

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Combined Effects of Heat and Lighting on the Level of Attention and Reaction Time: Climate Chamber Experiments in Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zohreh Mohebian ◽  
Somayeh Farhang Dehghan ◽  
Habiballah Dehghan
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Commission Error ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Selective Reaction ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Reaction Time Test

Heat exposure and unsuitable lighting are two physical hazardous agents in many workplaces for which there are some evidences regarding their mental effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the combined effect of heat exposure and different lighting levels on the attention rate and reaction time in a climatic chamber. This study was conducted on 33 healthy students (17 M/16 F) with a mean (±SD) age of22.1±2.3years. The attention and reaction time test were done by continuous performance test and the RT meter, respectively, in different exposure conditions including the dry temperatures (22°C and 37°C) and lighting levels (200, 500, and 1500 lux). Findings demonstrated that increase in heat and lighting level caused a decrease in average attention percentage and correct responses and increase in commission error, omission error, and response time (P<0.05). The average of simple, diagnostic, two-color selective, and two-sound selective reaction times increased after combined exposure to heat and lighting (P<0.05). The results of this study indicated that, in job task which requires using cognitive functions like attention, vigilance, concentration, cautiousness, and reaction time, the work environment must be optimized in terms of heat and lighting level.

scholarly journals Comparison of Reaction Response Time between Hand and Foot Controlled Devices in Simulated Microsurgical Testing

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Pfister ◽  
Jaw-Chyng L. Lue ◽  
Francisco R. Stefanini ◽  
Paulo Falabella ◽  
Laurie Dustin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Time Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reaction Time Test

Purpose. We hypothesized that reaction times (RTs) for a switch release are faster for hand-controlled than for foot-controlled switches for physiological and anatomical reasons (e.g., nerve conduction speed). The risk of accidental trauma could be reduced if the surgeon reacted quicker and therefore improve the surgical outcome.Method. We included 47 medical professionals at USC. Demographics and handedness were recorded. Under a microscope, a simple reaction time test was performed, testing all extremities multiple times in a random order. Additionally, a subjective questionnaire was administered.Results. The mean RTs for hands are 318.24 ms±51.13 and feet328.69±48.70. The comparison of hand versus foot showed significant shorter RTs for the hand (P=0.025). Partially significant differences between and within the experience level groups could be demonstrated by level of education (LE) and microscopic surgeries/week (MSW) (P=0.57–0.02). In the subjective questionnaire, 91.5% (n=43/47) of test subjects prefer to use hand controls.Conclusion. Our data show that the RT for hands is faster than feet. Similarly the subjective questionnaire showed a greater preference for hand actuation. This data suggest a hand-controlled ophthalmic instrument might have distinct advantages; however, clinical correlation is required.

scholarly journals Psychomotor Abilities of Professional Handball Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Przednowek ◽  
Maciej Śliż ◽  
Justyna Lenik ◽  
Bartosz Dziadek ◽  
Stanisław Cieszkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Coordination Test ◽  
Hand Eye Coordination ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Reaction Time Test

The main purpose of the paper was to evaluate selected psychomotor abilities of handball players depending on the competition class (league), position on the court, training seniority and the dominant hand. The study covered a group of 40 handball players (age: 24.02 ± 3.99), while 50 non-training men (age: 22.90 ± 1.13) formed the control group. Studies were performed using Test2Drive computer tests. The following four tests were used for measuring psychomotor fitness: simple reaction time test, choice reaction time test, hand-eye coordination test and spatial anticipation test. An analysis revealed that handball players had better reaction times and movement times than the control group. The league, position on the court, training seniority and the dominant upper limb were analysed for their impact on the reaction time and movement time in handball players. An analysis of psychomotor abilities of handball players with regard to the league revealed that in the majority of tests the Superliga players had a shorter reaction time than players in lower leagues.

scholarly journals Relationship between reaction time agility and linear speed of amateur male soccer players

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Süleyman SAHIN ◽  
Yahya Yildirim ◽  
Duygu YILDIRIM
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Linear Speed ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reaction Time Test

This study aims to investigate the relationship between linear speed, agility and reaction time in amateur football players. Totally 15 male amateur soccer players with an average age of 20.00 ± 1.309 (years), average height 1.78 ± 0.058 (m), bodyweight average 70.05 ± 6.300 (kg) and body mass index average 22.18 ± 1.525 (kg / m2) voluntarily participated in the research. All participants completed a test battery involving linear sprinting (10, 20, 30 m), agility test (T test) and reaction time test. Fitlight TrainerTM device was used in all experiments. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between linear speed, agility and reaction time. As a result of the investigation, statistically significant positive relationships were found between the reaction time and 10 m and 20 m linear speed, between agility and 20 m and 30 m linear speed, between 10 m and 20 m linear speed and between 20 m and 30 m linear speed ( p <0.05). As a result, according to this study, it can be said that features such as linear speed, agility and reaction time are related to each other in amateur soccer players.

Repetitive head impacts in a collegiate football season: Exposure and effects

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110272
Author(s):  
Laura D Wilson ◽  
Rachel A Hildebrand ◽  
Trang Le ◽  
Brett A McKinney
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
American Football ◽  
Division I ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Acute Increase ◽  
Collegiate Football

This study describes exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI) by player position and activity during a collegiate football season, and investigates the relationship between RHI and acute (i.e., daily and weekly) and short-term (i.e., pre- to post-season) changes in balance, reaction time, symptoms, and cognition. We recorded RHI exposure in twenty Division I collegiate American football players during a single season using the Riddell InSite system. Participants sustained 4,586 impacts (4.20% high impact, i.e., >63 g; 95.79% low impact, i.e., 20–63 g). Greatest exposure to RHI was observed in running backs and defensive ends during games, and tight ends and defensive ends during practices. Running plays and team drills placed players at greatest risk for exposure during practice. Cumulative RHI exposure across the season was associated with short-term declines in reaction time (p = 0.045), but not balance or cognition. Acute decline in balance was associated with the number of impacts sustained in the past week (p < 0.05), but not the past 24 hours (p > 0.05). Acute increase in total symptom score was also associated with the number of impacts sustained in the past week (p < 0.01), but not the past 24 hours (p > 0.05). Reaction time did not decline based on impact exposure in the past 24 hours or week. This study identifies activities and positions that may put players at risk for RHI exposure, and demonstrates that RHI sustained during the course of typical American football play by non-concussed individuals may result in small changes in balance, reaction time, and symptoms, but not cognition.

Acceptable Levels of Tonal and Broad-Band Repetitive and Continuous Sounds during the Performance of Nonauditory Tasks

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Landström ◽  
Anders Kjellberg ◽  
Marianne Byström
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Simple Reaction Time Task ◽  
Reasoning Test ◽  
Band Noise ◽  
Time Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reaction Time Test

Three groups of 24 subjects were exposed to a 1000–Hz tone or broad band noise in a sound chamber. During the exposures subjects were engaged in an easy reaction time test or a difficult grammatical reasoning test. For each exposure and work subjects adjusted the noise to a tolerance level defined by its interference with task performance. During the simple reaction-time task significantly higher sound-pressure levels were accepted than during the reasoning test. At the tonal exposure, much lower levels were accepted than during the exposure to broad-band noise. For continuous sound exposures much higher levels were accepted than for noncontinuous exposures. For tonal exposures the difference was approximately 5 dB, for the broad-band exposures approximately 9 dB. In a separate study the effects of the noncontinuity of the noise and pauses were analysed. The raised annoying effect of the noncontinuous noise was not more affected by the noncontinuity of the noise periods than by the noncontinuity of the pauses. The results imply that the annoying reactions to the sound will be increased for repetitive noise and that the reaction is highly influenced by the over-all noncontinuity of the exposure.

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