scholarly journals Economic Recovery and Effectiveness of Active Labour Market Initiatives for the Unemployed in Spain: A Gender Perspective of the Valencian Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Guijarro
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Valencian Region ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Southern European Countries

Macroeconomic indicators regarding employment have been gradually improved by southern European countries during recent years. However, the labour market still seems to be highly polarized across regions and some groups are persistently excluded from jobs recovery. This paper analyses the effectiveness of active labour market initiatives in the Valencian region, one of the worst-affected areas regarding unemployment in Spain. By using a large official database from the Valencian government, results of the probit model show that participating on active labour market initiatives have a positive impact on the probability of exiting unemployment, even after controlling for age, level of education and gender of candidates. The research also reveals that people aged 55 and older and females constitute the most vulnerable groups. Regarding women, only those with higher education increase their probability of finding a job.

Emerging from crisis: Sweden’s active labour market policy and vulnerable groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-564
Author(s):  
Marcela Kantová ◽  
Markéta Arltová
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Labour Market Policy ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
State Interventions ◽  
The Unemployed

Sweden has adopted an Active Labour Market Policy as a means of transitioning out of the economic crisis created by the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. The approach is to a significant extent reminiscent of that adopted following the 2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC). The article examines the effectiveness of active labour market policy in Sweden over the period 2007–2012. By analysing these earlier policy outcomes, the aim is to assess the success of active labour market policy more broadly. The hypothesis that greater labour market flexibility allows the labour market policy to be more efficient is evaluated. With a focus on the labour supply, possible reasons for the reduced efficiency of state interventions are outlined using regression models. Conclusions derived from the models point to the failure of earlier Swedish active labour market policy towards the vulnerable groups of the unemployed, unemployed women and men aged 15–19 years and the long-term unemployed. JEL Codes: J08, J21, J64

Material deprivation and employment status in post-transition: Evidence from North Macedonia

SEER ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-152
Author(s):  
Dimitar Nikoloski
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Material Deprivation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Adjustment Mechanisms

Poverty and social exclusion are often associated with unemployment, but being employed is not always sufficient to provide decent living conditions for workers and their families. In this context, the aim of this article, drawing on SILC micro data, is to assess the underlying causes of severe material deprivation in North Macedonia from the point of view of employment status, particularly the differences between employed and unemployed workers. The results show that employed workers face a much greater risk of severe material deprivation if they are positioned in the so-called secondary labour market; while the unemployed with low capital accumulation and those living in households with low work intensity face the highest risks of all. North Macedonia’s adjustment mechanisms do help cushion the consequences, but the article concludes with several policy recommendations for additional action to reduce severe material deprivation covering: education and training; active labour market policies; unionisation and collective bargaining; wage subsidies and taxation; and a statutory minimum wage.

scholarly journals How does a targeted active labour market program impact on the well-being of the unemployed? A concept mapping study on Barcelona “Employment in the Neighbourhoods”

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Puig-Barrachina ◽  
Davide Malmusi ◽  
Lucía Artazcoz ◽  
Xavier Bartoll ◽  
Eva Clotet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Program Impact ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
The Unemployed

Income support policies and labour market reforms under austerity in Greece

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manos Matsaganis
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Labour Market Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Employment Service ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
Funding Opportunities ◽  
Constructive Engagement ◽  
The Unemployed

This chapter reviews the changes in labour market policies under conditions of harsh austerity and mass unemployment in Greece in 2010-2015. Three policy areas are covered: income support to the unemployed, active labour market policies, and employment protection legislation. We find that labour market policies in Greece have failed to rise to the challenge of harsh austerity and mass unemployment. A legacy of backwardness, neglect, and general lack of sophistication proved difficult if not impossible to overturn under the emergency conditions prevailing since 2010. Moreover, as regards the less controversial aspects of the structural reforms demanded by the country’s creditors under the bailout agreements (for instance, supporting job creation, upgrading the Public Employment Service, and improving the absorption, as well as the effectiveness of EU funding), the domestic actors’ preferred approach of passively adjusting to European funding opportunities, rather than genuinely puzzling for solutions, left no room for a more constructive engagement. The adverse effects of the resulting handicap are there for all to see.

scholarly journals Everyone into Work

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-140
Author(s):  
Monique Kremer ◽  
Robert Went ◽  
Godfried Engbersen
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Good Work ◽  
Labour Market Policies ◽  
Active Labour Market Policies ◽  
Market Opening ◽  
Active Labour

AbstractDespite successive Dutch governments emphasizing “jobs, jobs, jobs”, thousands of people who want to work have no jobs at all, never mind good jobs. Are new technologies, flexible contracts and the intensification of work helping or hindering vulnerable groups to stay in work - in good work in particular? This chaper seeks to answer these questions while analysing what is already being done to provide good work for all. Is the changing labour market opening new opportunities? We address the automation, flexibilization and intensification of work and discuss the need for active labour market policies.

Slovenian labour market policies under austerity: narrowing the gap between the well- and the less well‑protected in the labour market?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroljub Ignjatović ◽  
Maša Filipovič Hrast
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Employment Protection ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Employment Protection Legislation ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
The Unemployed

The economic crisis stimulated several reforms of the Slovenian labour market. In this chapter we present the major labour market policy changes, with emphasis on the period after 2010. These changes are also presented in relation to the retrenchment/expansion of policies, the adoption of activation and flexicurity, and their consequences for the living standards of the most vulnerable groups. The objective of labour market changes seems to be to increase flexibility and to implement activation (and social investment) more fully, as well as to improve the position of the most vulnerable groups on the labour market. Despite that, retrenchment has also been evident. The changes in labour regulations in 2014 reduced the employment protection legislation index for regular contracts, and the cuts in unemployment benefits, along with the changes in the social security system, have affected the unemployed, who remain among the groups most at risk of poverty.

Does Education Produce Identical Labour Market Outcomes for All? A Study on India

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-331
Author(s):  
Anjan Ray Chaudhury ◽  
Madhabendra Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Multinomial Probit Model ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

According to the neoclassical economists, discrimination exists in the labour market if employers treat two equally qualified and skilled persons differently based on gender, race, age, disability, religion, caste, etc. In this article, we attempt to look at discrimination in the Indian labour market by applying the multinomial probit model of regression to the National Sample Survey Office data set. By taking years of schooling (as an indicator of skill and ability) as an independent variable in the model, we find that identically educated persons from different caste and gender groups are not equally likely to achieve similar occupational status, indicating the existence of discrimination in the Indian labour market. JEL Classifications: I31, C31

Compulsion in active labour market programmes

2007 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan C. van Ours
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Unemployed Worker ◽  
Potential Employer ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Active Labour Market Programmes

This paper examines compulsion in active labour market programmes (ALMP). When an unemployed worker has to participate in a programme in order to remain eligible for benefits there are two seperate effects. First, there is the treatment effect, i.e. the programme makes the worker more attractive for a potential employer or makes search more efficient, thus helping the unemployed worker to find a job more quickly. Second, there is the compulsion effect, i.e. because the worker has to attend the programme his value of being unemployed drops and he is stimulated to find a job more quickly. So, both effects induce the worker to find a job more quickly. The difference between the treatment effect and the compulsion effect concerns the quality of the post-unemployment job. The treatment effect improves the quality; the compulsion effect lowers the quality of post-unemployment jobs.

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