scholarly journals Revealing the Varying Impact of Urban Built Environment on Online Car-Hailing Travel in Spatio-Temporal Dimension: An Exploratory Analysis in Chengdu, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Li ◽  
Peng Jing ◽  
Linchao Li ◽  
Dazhi Sun ◽  
Wenbo Yan
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Residential District ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Online car-hailing travel is an increasingly popular mode of urban transport. A fundamental understanding of the relationship between the urban built environment and online car-hailing travel is essential for developing the corresponding traffic strategy and addressing sustainable urban planning and design. However, the varying impact of the urban built environment on online car-hailing travel in the spatial dimension has not been sufficiently investigated. This paper aims to fill this gap by using geographically weighted regression (GWR) to check the spatial heterogeneity of the likely influence. The result shows that the GWR model is superior to the global model (OLS) from the perspective of goodness of fit. The study finds that the recreation and entertainment Point of Interest (POI) and the residential district POI are the most influential factors on night online car-hailing travel. Land-use mix is found to have a positive effect on online car-hailing travel, and online car-hailing services can be a complementary mode for public transport, especially in suburban areas.

scholarly journals A state-of-the-art review of built environment information modelling (BeIM)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1638-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H.M. Tah ◽  
A.H. Oti ◽  
F.H. Abanda
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Data File ◽  
Building Information Modelling ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Information Modelling ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Building Information ◽  
3D City Modelling

AbstractElements that constitute the built environment are vast and so are the independent systems developed to model its various aspects. Many of these systems have been developed under various assumptions and approaches to execute functions that are distinct, complementary or sometimes similar. Furthermore, these systems are ever increasing in number and often assume similar nomenclatures and acronyms, thereby exacerbating the challenges of understanding their peculiar functions, definitions and differences. The current societal demand to improve sustainability performance through collaboration as well as whole-system and through-life thinking is driving the need to integrate independent systems associated with different aspects and scales of the built environment to deliver smart solutions and services that improve the well-being of citizens. The contemporary object-oriented digitization of real-world elements appears to provide a leeway for amalgamating the modelling systems of various domains in the built environment which we termed as built environment information modelling (BeIM). These domains include architecture, engineering, construction as well as urban planning and design. Applications such as building information modelling, geographic information systems and 3D city modelling systems are now being integrated for city modelling purposes. The various works directed at integrating these systems are examined, revealing that current research efforts on integration fall into three categories: (1) data/file conversion systems, (2) semantic mapping systems and (3) the hybrid of both. The review outcome suggests that good knowledge of these domains and how their respective systems operate is vital to pursuing holistic systems integration in the built environment.

scholarly journals The Progressive Effects of Built Environments on Supporting Physical Activity Diversity in High-Density Areas: A Case Study in Shenzhen, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Peiling Zhou ◽  
Hongkun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
High Density ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
City Development ◽  
Healthy City ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design

Abstract Background: Physical activity diversity (PAD) is an essential indicator to present the vitality of health city, and how to improve PAD from the built environment perspective is a key issue for healthy urban planning and design, especially in high-density cities; Methods: This study selected Shenzhen, China as a representative case, combined the diversity of PA participants, types and occurrence times for the comprehensive understanding of PAD, fully used multiple source data for the measurement and statistical analysis of PAD and built environments, to discover the relationships between the built environment and PAD, and to explore the different effects in clustered and sprawled high-density urban forms; Results: PAD was unevenly distributed in Shenzhen, higher in the clustered areas and lower in the sprawled ares and the effects of the built environment on PAD were significantly different between two kinds of areas; Conclusions: the built environment supports PAD by progressive effects, in which accessibility is the necessary and funda-mental condition to activate individual PAs, inclusiveness is sufficiently supports the coaction of various kind of PAs to consolidate PAD, and landscape attractiveness furtherly aggregates more PAs to achieve higher PAD. To create accessible, inclusive, and attractive built environments are crucial ways to improve the vitality of healthy city development in high-density cities.

scholarly journals Impacts of Built Environment on Urban Vitality: Regression Analyses of Beijing and Chengdu, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiwei Lu ◽  
Chaoyang Shi ◽  
Xiping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Compact City ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Four Levels

The loss of urban vitality is an important problem in the development of urban central areas. Analyzing the correlation between urban built environment and urban vitality supports urban planning and design. However, current research excludes the study of how consistent built environment factors affect urban vitality of cities with different development situations. Therefore, using social media check-in data, this paper measures neighborhood vibrancy in urban central areas in Beijing and Chengdu, China. Four levels of spatial information were used to measure the built environment: regulatory planning management unit (RPMU), land use, road network, and building. Regression model is used to quantify the correlation between urban vitality and the built environment of these two cities. The study found a strong correlation between built environment factors and urban vitality. Among the built environment factors, points of interest (POI) diversity and public transport accessibility indicators were strongly positively correlated with neighborhood vibrancy. However, the density indicators had totally different effects on urban vitality of cities with different development situations, which is excluded in existing studies. This research strengthens the practical understanding of the compact city concept, and can support the design and planning of urban built environment.

scholarly journals La espacio-temporalidad de los trabajadores agrarios transitorios. Notas para un abordaje teórico-conceptual y metodológico/ The spatio-temporality of temporary agrarian workers. Notes for a theoretical-conceptual and methodological approach

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Venturini ◽  
Hortensia Castro
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
America Latina

El modelo del agronegocio en América Latina, marcado por el imperativo de flexibilidad, el desarrollo tecnológico y la producción en red ha supuesto profundas transformaciones en el empleo y en las pautas de movilidad territorial de capitales y trabajadores agrarios. Pese a su escasa visibilidad en los estudios recientes, los asalariados transitorios migrantes son un grupo complejo y heterogéneo, presente en una amplia variedad de mercados de trabajo. El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar sobre la espacialidad de estos trabajadores, desde una perspectiva crítica. Se revisan los estudios sobre los trabajadores transitorios migrantes en América Latina (focalizando en Argentina, México y Brasil), con el fin de examinar el modo en que ha sido abordada la dimensión espacial, tomando como referencia el paso de las miradas estructuralistas sobre la movilidad a las post-estructuralistas. Se presenta un estudio de caso en el la región pampeana argentina, sobre asalariados especializados en nuevas tecnologías. Se desarrolla una propuesta teórico-conceptual y metodológica con eje en el concepto de “arreglo espacio-temporal”, el cual permite abordar de forma integrada y dialéctica los distintos sentidos de la espacialidad, la dimensión espacial y la temporal y las estrategias de los trabajadores en relación con las del capital. Abstract The model of agribusiness in Latin America, marked by the imperative of flexibility, technological development and network production, has led to profound changes in employment and in the patterns of spatial mobility of capital and agrarian workers. Despite their limited visibility in recent studies, migrant temporary agrarian workers are a complex and heterogeneous group, present in a wide variety of labor markets. The aim of this article is to reflect on the spatiality of these workers, from a critical perspective. We review studies referred to migrant temporary workers in Latin America (focusing on Argentina, Mexico and Brazil), in order to examine the way in which the spatial dimension has been approached, taking as reference the passage from structuralist perspectives on mobility to post-structuralist. We present a case study in the Pampas region (Argentina) about workers specialized in new technologies. We offer a theoretical-conceptual and methodological proposal with axis in the concept of “spatio-temporal fix”, which allows to approach in an integrated and dialectical way the different senses of spatiality, the spatial and temporal dimension and the strategies of workers in relation to those of capital.

Effects of green space on walking: Does size, shape and density matter?

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (16) ◽  
pp. 3402-3420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohu Zhang ◽  
Scott Melbourne ◽  
Chinmoy Sarkar ◽  
Alain Chiaradia ◽  
Chris Webster
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Ordnance Survey ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Walking Activity ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Density Matter

The role of the built environment in improving public health through fostering physical activity has come under increased scrutiny in recent years. This study investigates relationships between walking activity and the configuration of green spaces in Greater London. Pedestrian activity for N = 54,910 walking trip stages is gathered through the London Travel Demand Survey (LTDS), with routes between origin and destination mapped onto the street network from the Integrated Transport Network of Ordnance Survey. Green spaces were extracted from UKMap and agglomerated to form London’s hundreds of parks. Regressions of pedestrian activity on park configuration, controlling for built environment metrics, revealed that catchments around smaller parks have more walking trips. Irregularity of park shape has the opposite effect. Park density, measured as number of parks inside a catchment, is insignificant in regression. Parks adjacent to retail areas were associated with pronounced increases in walking. The study contributes to landscape, urban management, environmental policy and urban planning and design literature. The evidence provides implications for performance-oriented policy and design decisions that configure a city’s green spaces to improve citizens’ public health through enhancing walkability.

Los Angeles noise array—Planning and design lessons from a noise sensing network

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Offenhuber ◽  
Sam Auinger ◽  
Susanne Seitinger ◽  
Remco Muijs
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Noise ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Material Choice ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The interaction between environmental noise and the built environment is an often-neglected area in the practice of urban planning and design. Most quantitative research is limited to single value loudness metrics and ignores the more complex spatial nuances of the noisescape. Qualitative soundscape research, on the other hand, is difficult to generalize to the urban scale. We report on an exploratory noise sensing project in Los Angeles, CA that investigates both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the noisescape. Using an experimental array of noise sensors mounted on city street lights, we collected preliminary data that demonstrate the promising and revealing nature of spatially and temporally granular urban sound data. By analyzing sounds in various frequency bands at different resolutions, we investigate how aspects of urban design such as landscaping, material choice, and building typologies impact the sonic environment. Our results reveal the spatio-temporal structure of low-frequency noise in traffic-exposed areas; a phenomenon not captured by traditional A-weighted decibel metrics. Based on these results, we present a model predicting noise based on historic traffic data. These results provide insights for future methods that can be applied to long-term policymaking and planning decisions.

scholarly journals Healthy cities — walkability as a component of health-promoting urban planning and design

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh-Chau Tran
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Healthy Cities ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Building Practice ◽  
Health Impairments

Health impairments due to inactivity are related to the car-oriented urban development of recent decades, along with sedentary lifestyles. A health-maintaining environment must therefore not only reduce direct health risk factors (pathogenic concept), but also contribute to health chances that may indirectly support health (salutogenic concept). Walking has been identified as the most influenceable behavior; it is also the most environmental friendly mode of transport, social and health. From the planning view, the concept of walkability therefore aims at a built environment facilitating physical activity. It is increasingly recognized that walkability has become an important topic in the field of planning, urban design and health, since the built environment affects certain behaviors. From practice, concrete guidance is demanded as to the type of urban design features to be captured or applied to evaluate the walkability or to create active cities. The measurement of features of the built environment plays a special role in this context, but also the question of how research results can reach policies as well as planning and building practice

scholarly journals Tightly Coupling Input Output Economics with Spatio-Temporal Land Use in a Dynamic Planning Support System Framework

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Si Chen ◽  
Yoonshin Kwak ◽  
Le Zhang ◽  
Grant Mosey ◽  
Brian Deal
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Planning Support ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Land Use Models ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Plan Making

Planning support systems (PSSs) should generally be designed to promote the participation of stakeholders in planning and design processes through the delivery of useful, localized information, an ability to collect feedback, and an ability to model and test various ‘what-if’ scenarios. This paper focuses on such a PSS tool. The tool integrates the Land-use Evolution and Assessment Model (LEAM) with a Regional Economic Input-Output Model (REIM) in a tightly coupled computational process made accessible to stakeholders through a web-based PSS. The integrated tool allows for users to easily navigate the models and test land use and economic scenarios without expert assistance. It also keeps simulations updated with dynamic inputs and engages users in PSS development and application through responsive feedback to enhance plan-making abilities. In this paper, we demonstrate an application of the LEAM-REIM PSS in Sangamon County, Illinois. The application demonstrates an ability to provide more efficacious and detailed land use estimations through the connection of economic and land-use models, allowing users to easily engage with, navigate, and respond to scenario tests. We discuss the PSS tool, model integration approach, and detailed application to assess its usefulness in urban planning and design. We also propose some opportunities for further research.

HERITAGE IN THE LIVED ENVIRONMENT OF THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES AND THE GULF REGION

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph John Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Gulf Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Values

This paper examines how the architectural, social, and cultural heritage of the United Arab Emirates and other Gulf countries may contribute to better development of this region’s lived environment. Modern urbanism has largely neglected heritage in architectural design and in social and private spaces, creating inauthentic places that foster a hunger for belongingness in the UAE’s built environment. The paper reviews recent urban developments in the UAE and the Gulf Region, and identifies elements of local heritage that can be incorporated into contemporary planning and design. It proposes that adapting vernacular architectural heritage to the modern built environment should not be the principal goal for heritage-informed design. Instead we may examine the social processes underlying the traditional lived environment, and aim for social sustainability based on the lifeways and preferences of local peoples, especially in kinship and Islamic values. Among the most promising precedents for modern social sustainability are social and spatial features at the scale of the neighborhood in traditional Islamic settlements. Interviews with local Emiratis will also recommend elements of traditional knowledge to modern settings. 

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