scholarly journals Effect of Inappropriate Binder Grade Selection on Initiation of Asphalt Pavement Cracking

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodgers Mugume ◽  
Denis Kakoto
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Asphalt Production ◽  
Performance Grade ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This paper is aimed at assessing in-service asphalt pavement cracking in order to fully understand its causes as well as reviewing the possible impact of implementing a new mix design method on failures observed. Field and laboratory investigations were conducted as well as a review of design and construction records. Substitution of a Performance Grade (PG) binder with straight run pen grade binder without performing independent Superpave PG verification tests greatly contributed to cracking. A 20/30 pen grade binder which was utilised had already undergone some change in its properties since its manufacture and therefore did not provide the required workability and crack resistance that it would otherwise have been expected to provide. Target mixing and compaction temperature ranges during construction were higher than those recommended confirming that the binder used had already undergone a change in its physical and chemical characteristics between the time of its manufacture and use. Additionally, a lapse in quality control and assurance during asphalt production and laying resulted in a highly voided wearing course which exacerbated the situation.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AS PARAMETERS FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF PLANT MATERIAL Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Fernanda Moreira ◽  
Daniella Maria Soares de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Fernanda Cordeiro Arruda ◽  
Cristiane Bezerra Da Silva ◽  
Patricia Maria Stuelp Campelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A espécie vegetal Rhamnus sphaerosperma var. pubescens, que é nativa no Brasil, apresenta um grande potencial farmacológico por ser enquadrada no gênero Rhamnus, e possui poucos estudos relatam suas propriedades biológicas, e ainda não foram descritos os parâmetros físico-químicos para o controle de qualidade da matéria-prima vegetal desta espécie. Sendo assim, neste trabalho, os parâmetros físico-químicos, como o teor de umidade, cinzas totais e insolúveis em ácido foram determinados pela primeira vez para esta espécie. Também foi realizada a prospecção fitoquímica, que indentificou a presença marcante de compostos antraquinônicos, que podem ser utilizados como marcadores químicos. Análises microquímicas também foram realizadas, e confirmaram características estruturais presentes em caules e folhas, que já haviam sido descritas na literatura em análises morfonatômicas. Os extratos e frações de caules e folhas deste vegetal também não apresentaram toxicidade em métodos preliminares em Artemia salina e hemólise, sendo, de maneira geral, conisderados atóxicos nestes métodos, o que permite a sequência com estudos farmacológicos e toxicológicos que comprovem a segurança e eficácia destes extratos, para a obtenção de medicamentos fitoterápicos. 

Road Stress-Absorbing Interlayer Mix Design Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 2540-2545
Author(s):  
Wen Yuan Xu ◽  
Chun Yao Deng ◽  
Hong Yu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder

The stress-absorbing interlayer of modified asphalt mixture studied in this report is a special asphalt pavement mixture. Capable of delaying the occurrence of reflection cracks, the asphalt mixture is mainly composed of aggregate passing through a 9.5 mm sieve, machine-made or natural sand, and modified asphalt binder.

scholarly journals CONDIÇÕES DE ARMAZENAGEM E QUALIDADE DA MATÉRIA PRIMA: ESTUDO DE CASO EM UMA DERIVADORA DE ALIMENTOS A BASE DE MILHO

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Samara Pereira Dias ◽  
Jamir Rauta ◽  
César Augustus Winck
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Storage Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The storage process, in some way, has a direct influence on the production and status of the derived final product. It was possible to verify in this case study that the storage system of the company is deficient, needing improvements, especially when entering the raw material for production. Such problems, such as impurities, broken and burned grains, are generated in the warehouse itself, due to lack of prudence and coordination. Findings that contradict the objective of storage that is the conservation of the particularities of the grains and that may detract from the attributes of the end product in terms of taste, physical and chemical characteristics and visual conditions. Among the possible causes of the disturbances are the lack of maintenance of the machines, inefficient aeration and thermometry gauging. As a suggestion, besides the improvements on the mentioned problems, the implantation of management and strategy of inventories, of programs and quality control, development of the producing agents, planning and methods of solution of problems. The decline in the quality of the raw material, corn, can result in chain effect, damaging the final product, thus damaging the financial results of the organization.

Characterization of defects in tabular silver halide grains

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1046-1047
Author(s):  
C. Goessens ◽  
D. Schryvers ◽  
J. Van Landuyt ◽  
A. Verbeeck ◽  
R. De Keyzer
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Silver Halide ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Free Region ◽  
Central Defect ◽  
Crystallographic Defects ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Two Sides

Silver halide grains (AgX, X=Cl,Br,I) are commonly recognized as important entities in photographic applications. Depending on the preparation specifications one can grow cubic, octahedral, tabular a.o. morphologies, each with its own physical and chemical characteristics. In the present study crystallographic defects introduced by the mixing of 5-20% iodide in a growing AgBr tabular grain are investigated. X-ray diffractometry reveals the existence of a homogeneous Ag(Br1-xIx) region, expected to be formed around the AgBr kernel. In fig. 1 a two-beam BF image, taken at T≈100 K to diminish radiation damage, of a triangular tabular grain is presented, clearly showing defect contrast fringes along four of the six directions; the remaining two sides show similar contrast under relevant diffraction conditions. The width of the central defect free region corresponds with the pure AgBr kernel grown before the mixing with I. The thickness of a given grain lies between 0.15 and 0.3 μm: as indicated in fig. 2 triangular (resp. hexagonal) grains exhibit an uneven (resp. even) number of twin interfaces (i.e., between + and - twin variants) parallel with the (111) surfaces. The thickness of the grains and the existence of the twin variants was confirmed from CTEM images of perpendicular cuts.

Study of Structural, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Marshmallow Without Gelatin

Food Industry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia V. Nepovinnykh ◽  
Yuri A. Kodatsky ◽  
Oksana N. Klyukina ◽  
Nataliia M. Ptichkin ◽  
Samira Yeganehzad
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical

COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PMB and CRMB WITH PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF BITUMEN (VG-30) USING MARSHALL MIX DESIGN METHOD-A REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. SATHEESHKANNA
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Comparative Performance

Waste generated from industries and from various places around us not only contains rubber or plastics but contains lot many harmful pollutants whichare hazardous if disposed continuously in open and leftto degrade in our environment.Our project aims to study properties of different materials which may help in utilising the waste as well as improve the quality of roads and make them efficient, stable, durable and long lasting. Some of the materials that we have studied and considered to be tested in the partial replacement of bitumen are PMB and CRMB.

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