scholarly journals Influence of Built Environment on Street Vitality: A Case Study of West Nanjing Road in Shanghai Based on Mobile Location Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1840
Author(s):  
Wanshu Wu ◽  
Xinyi Niu ◽  
Meng Li
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Density ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Mobile Location ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Subway Stations

A successful built environment is assumed to encourage street vitality in the time and space dimensions. The availability of mobile location data has made it possible to measure street vitality from a large-scale and multiperiod perspective. We used the mobile location data recorded in West Nanjing Road and the surrounding streets in Shanghai as a proxy for street activity, and introduced intensity and instability as indicators of street vitality to test whether there is still a correlation between street vitality and built environment in high-density cities, and whether there are applicable conditions. The results show that for spatial units with higher intensity, the street activities tend to be more unstable. It is more effective to promote street vitality by increasing the diversity of commercial formats. For the streets in high-intensity areas, increasing the mix degree of building functions and the development intensity of the surrounding blocks may not necessarily enhance the street vitality. The design of the external spaces is always an effective measure to maintain continuous vitality. Subway stations play a significant role in promoting street vitality.

scholarly journals Portable neuromodulation induces neuroplasticity to re-activate motor function recovery from brain injury: A high-density MEG case study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C.N. D'Arcy ◽  
Trevor Greene ◽  
Debbie Greene ◽  
Zack Frehlick ◽  
Shaun D. Fickling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Large Scale Network ◽  
Scale Network

Abstract Background: In a recent high-profile case study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to monitor improvements in motor function related to neuroplasticity following rehabilitation for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The findings demonstrated that motor function improvements can occur years beyond current established limits. The current study extends the functional imaging investigation to characterize neuromodulation effects on neuroplasticity to further push the limits.Methods: Canadian Soldier Captain (retired) Trevor Greene (TG) survived a severe open-TBI when attacked with an axe during a 2006 combat tour in Afghanistan. TG has since continued intensive daily rehabilitation to recover motor function, experiencing an extended plateau using conventional physical therapy. To overcome this plateau, we paired translingual neurostimulation (TLNS) with the continuing rehabilitation program. Results: Combining TLNS with rehabilitation resulted in demonstrable clinical improvements along with corresponding changes in movement evoked electro-encephalography (EEG) activity. High-density magneto-encephalography (MEG) characterized cortical activation changes in corresponding beta frequency range (27Hz). MEG activation changes corresponded with reduced interhemispheric inhibition in the post-central gyri regions together with increased right superior/middle frontal activation suggesting large scale network level changes. Conclusions: The findings provide valuable insight into the potential importance of non-invasive neuromodulation to enhance neuroplasticity mechanisms for recovery beyond the perceived limits of rehabilitation.

Identifying the Temporal Characteristics of Intra-City Movement Using Taxi Geo-Location Data

2017 ◽  
pp. 68-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Zhang ◽  
Xinwu Qian ◽  
Satish V. Ukkusuri
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Level Zero ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
Average Annual Income ◽  
Excessive Number

In this chapter, the authors focus on temporal patterns of urban taxi trips and explore determinant factors in conjunction with geodatabase at aggregate level. Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial model is proposed in light of count data nature and excessive number of O-D pairs with zero trip. Three typical time slots on weekdays, as well as weekends, are introduced as case study to check temporal variations of intra-city movement. The results indicate that trip distance, land use, socioeconomics, and built environment are significant variables that affect the number of taxi trips between two locations. In particular, longer travel and worse economy conditions, such as low employment and average annual income and more population under poverty, may prevent more movements, which have more impacts during peak hours. A better transit system may reduce the taxi trips, except for areas with more subway stations. Develpoed area for instance more commercial or residential area is more likely to attract more visits by taxis, as well as dense public facilities but with more temporal variations.

Identifying the Temporal Characteristics of Intra-City Movement Using Taxi Geo-Location Data

2018 ◽  
pp. 311-331
Author(s):  
Wenbo Zhang ◽  
Xinwu Qian ◽  
Satish V. Ukkusuri
Keyword(s):  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Level Zero ◽  
Subway Stations ◽  
Average Annual Income ◽  
Excessive Number

In this chapter, the authors focus on temporal patterns of urban taxi trips and explore determinant factors in conjunction with geodatabase at aggregate level. Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial model is proposed in light of count data nature and excessive number of O-D pairs with zero trip. Three typical time slots on weekdays, as well as weekends, are introduced as case study to check temporal variations of intra-city movement. The results indicate that trip distance, land use, socioeconomics, and built environment are significant variables that affect the number of taxi trips between two locations. In particular, longer travel and worse economy conditions, such as low employment and average annual income and more population under poverty, may prevent more movements, which have more impacts during peak hours. A better transit system may reduce the taxi trips, except for areas with more subway stations. Develpoed area for instance more commercial or residential area is more likely to attract more visits by taxis, as well as dense public facilities but with more temporal variations.

scholarly journals Portable neuromodulation induces neuroplasticity to re-activate motor function recovery from brain injury: A high-density MEG case study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C.N. D'Arcy ◽  
Trevor Greene ◽  
Debbie Greene ◽  
Zack Frehlick ◽  
Shaun D. Fickling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Large Scale Network ◽  
Scale Network

Abstract Background: In a recent high-profile case study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to monitor improvements in motor function related to neuroplasticity following rehabilitation for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The findings demonstrated that motor function improvements can occur years beyond current established limits. The current study extends the functional imaging investigation to characterize neuromodulation effects on neuroplasticity to further push the limits.Methods: Canadian Soldier Captain (retired) Trevor Greene (TG) survived a severe open-TBI when attacked with an axe during a 2006 combat tour in Afghanistan. TG has since continued intensive daily rehabilitation to recover motor function, experiencing an extended plateau using conventional physical therapy. To overcome this plateau, we paired translingual neurostimulation (TLNS) with the continuing rehabilitation program.Results: Combining TLNS with rehabilitation resulted in demonstrable clinical improvements along with corresponding changes in movement evoked electro-encephalography (EEG) activity. High-density magneto-encephalography (MEG) characterized cortical activation changes in corresponding beta frequency range (27Hz). MEG activation changes corresponded with reduced interhemispheric inhibition in the post-central gyri regions together with increased right superior/middle frontal activation suggesting large scale network level changes.Conclusions: The findings provide valuable insight into the potential importance of non-invasive neuromodulation to enhance neuroplasticity mechanisms for recovery beyond the perceived limits of rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Portable neuromodulation induces neuroplasticity to re-activate motor function recovery from brain injury: a high-density MEG case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C. N. D’Arcy ◽  
Trevor Greene ◽  
Debbie Greene ◽  
Zack Frehlick ◽  
Shaun D. Fickling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Large Scale Network ◽  
Scale Network

Abstract Background In a recent high-profile case study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to monitor improvements in motor function related to neuroplasticity following rehabilitation for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The findings demonstrated that motor function improvements can occur years beyond current established limits. The current study extends the functional imaging investigation to characterize neuromodulation effects on neuroplasticity to further push the limits. Methods Canadian Soldier Captain (retired) Trevor Greene (TG) survived a severe open-TBI when attacked with an axe during a 2006 combat tour in Afghanistan. TG has since continued intensive daily rehabilitation to recover motor function, experiencing an extended plateau using conventional physical therapy. To overcome this plateau, we paired translingual neurostimulation (TLNS) with the continuing rehabilitation program. Results Combining TLNS with rehabilitation resulted in demonstrable clinical improvements along with corresponding changes in movement evoked electro-encephalography (EEG) activity. High-density magneto-encephalography (MEG) characterized cortical activation changes in corresponding beta frequency range (27 Hz). MEG activation changes corresponded with reduced interhemispheric inhibition in the post-central gyri regions together with increased right superior/middle frontal activation suggesting large scale network level changes. Conclusions The findings provide valuable insight into the potential importance of non-invasive neuromodulation to enhance neuroplasticity mechanisms for recovery beyond the perceived limits of rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Portable neuromodulation induces neuroplasticity to re-activate motor function recovery from brain injury: A high-density MEG case study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C.N. D'Arcy ◽  
Trevor Greene ◽  
Debbie Greene ◽  
Zack Frehlick ◽  
Shaun D. Fickling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Large Scale Network ◽  
Scale Network

Abstract Background: In a recent high-profile case study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to monitor improvements in motor function related to neuroplasticity following rehabilitation for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The findings demonstrated that motor function improvements can occur years beyond current established limits. The current study extends the functional imaging investigation to characterize neuromodulation effects on neuroplasticity to further push the limits. Methods: Canadian Soldier Captain (retired) Trevor Greene (TG) survived a severe open-TBI when attacked with an axe during a 2006 combat tour in Afghanistan. TG has since continued intensive daily rehabilitation to recover motor function, experiencing an extended plateau using conventional physical therapy. To overcome this plateau, we paired translingual neurostimulation (TLNS) with the continuing rehabilitation program. Results: Combining TLNS with rehabilitation resulted in demonstrable clinical improvements along with corresponding changes in movement evoked electro-encephalography (EEG) activity. High-density magneto-encephalography (MEG) characterized cortical activation changes in corresponding beta frequency range (27Hz). MEG activation changes corresponded with reduced interhemispheric inhibition in the post-central gyri regions together with increased right superior/middle frontal activation suggesting large scale network level changes. Conclusions: The findings provide valuable insight into the potential importance of non-invasive neuromodulation to enhance neuroplasticity mechanisms for recovery beyond the perceived limits of rehabilitation.

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