scholarly journals Early Ethical Assessment: An Application to the Sustainability of Swine Body Scanners

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 14003
Author(s):  
Paul B. Thompson ◽  
Laurie Thorp ◽  
Blake L. Ginsburg ◽  
Tabitha Maria Zivku ◽  
Madonna Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Method ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Science Methods ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Ethical Assessment ◽  
Body Scanning ◽  
Social Science Methods ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Ethics Assessment

An early ethics assessment method was used to evaluate sustainability goals and early findings from an automated body scanning technology for swine production. The project had twin goals of discovering potential pitfalls in the technology and exploring the applicability of the method, derived from the Ethical Matrix, as a tool to aid researchers in product design at very early stages in the research and development (R&D) process. This paper reports results on the second objective. Results of the evaluation workshop were coded and qualitatively analyzed. These results are reported and compared; the exercise is compared to the findings of other researchers using more traditional methods for ethical assessment on similar technologies, as well as standard social science methods for ascertaining economic sustainability and social acceptability of technological innovations. We conclude that the method has promise, especially for its applicability at very early stages in R&D, but that it does not substitute for analyses that occur at a much later stage in product or procedural development.

Effect of Nitrogen and Vitamins on the Decay Rate of Pine Sapwood Exposed above Ground

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Darrel D. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Decay Rate ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Wood Preservatives ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Method Of Evaluation

Abstract A need exists to develop improved test methods for evaluating potential wood preservatives in aboveground outdoor exposure. Our studies have shown that the three-component lap joint specified in AWPA Standard E27-15 represents an improved design for aboveground testing. One option for evaluating the extent of decay with this method relies on visual assessment. However, based on my observations in field tests, this assessment method does not provide an accurate measurement of the extent of wood biodeterioration in the early stages of decay. A second method of evaluation provided in this standard (in figure 4 of the standard) uses bending stiffness and dynamic modulus of elasticity (MOE) as alternate methods for determining the extent of decay, and this option was chosen to follow the progress of biodeterioration in this study. It was found that both of these methods provided an accurate assessment of decay in the early stages of biodeterioration that was superior to visual assessment. In an attempt to accelerate the rate of wood decay, some of the test units were treated with nitrogen-rich casein, and this resulted in a greater than twofold increase in the decay rate compared with the untreated controls. Another group of samples were treated with thiamin, but this resulted in only a slight increase in decay rate, whereas a combined treatment with both casein and vitamins resulted in a further increase in the decay rate beyond that of casein treated samples. Based on the results from this study, it is concluded that pretreatment of wood samples with thiamin has the potential for accelerating wood decay in aboveground test samples. Furthermore, the use of bending stiffness and dynamic MOE to measure the extent of wood decay was found to be superior to mass loss. Additional studies are needed to determine whether this concept could be useful in accelerating development of new wood preservatives.

Conclusions, Responses to Objections, and Scholarly Recommendations

2019 ◽  
pp. 240-256
Author(s):  
Michael C. Desch
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Real World ◽  
Vested Interest ◽  
Science Methods ◽  
Intellectual Culture ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Science Methods ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
To Come ◽  
Policy Problems

This concluding chapter evaluates the increasing tendency of many social scientists to embrace methods and models for their own sake rather than because they can help people answer substantively important questions. This inclination is in part the result of the otherwise normal and productive workings of science but is also reinforced by less positive factors such as organizational self-interest and intellectual culture. As a result of the latter, many political scientists have committed themselves to particular social science methods not so much because they believe they will illuminate real-world policy problems but because they serve a vested interest in disciplinary autonomy and dovetail with a particular image of what a “science” of politics should look like. In other words, the professionalization of social science is the root of the enduring relevance question. The chapter then offers some concrete suggestions for how to reestablish the balance between rigor and relevance in the years to come.

Reflections on the Achievements of Sidney Verba

The Forum ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristi Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Representative Democracy ◽  
Science Methods ◽  
Complex Theory ◽  
Social Science Methods ◽  
Distinguished Career ◽  
Democratic Systems

AbstractSidney Verba’s distinguished career, particularly his books, demonstrate a talent for finding superb collaborators, a deep normative concern about the health of civil society, and a commitment to using social science methods to understand the working of democratic systems. A re-reading of these books shows the development of an increasingly complex theory of political participation undergirding a complex portrait of American representative democracy, with all its flaws and strengths.

scholarly journals SENGKETA TANAH EKS KERAJAAN DI KOTAWARINGIN BARAT PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Gangga Santi Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Science Methods ◽  
Social Science Methods ◽  
And Shifts

Conflicts that ended in court disputes often occurred in the former Kotaringin Kingdom related to the former kingdom lands. Phenomenon of substantive injustice related to former kingdom land policy in the Dictum Fourth letter A UUPA which abolishes former kingdom land and shifts to the State, is an injustice felt by  former kingdom parties. Research with the Socio Legal approach with social science methods and theories about law. This research was focused on looking at the facts of the conflict that ended in court disputes and the solution to prevent the disputes of former kingdom land in Kotawaringin Barat.

Social Science History: Citation Record, 1976–1985

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-215
Author(s):  
Aage R. Clausen ◽  
Jaushieh Joseph Wu
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Science Methods ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Science History ◽  
Founding Fathers ◽  
Social Science Methods ◽  
Social Science History ◽  
Research And Teaching

In a recent article in Social Science History, Professor Alan Bogue, former president of the Association and one of its founding fathers, has reviewed the first ten years of SSHA. In it he presents from the constitution the major purpose of the Association as “improving ‘the quality of historical explanation in every manner possible, but particularly by encouraging the selective use and adaptation in historical research and teaching of relevant social science’” (Bogue, 1987: 336). In this paper, we review the first ten years of the Social Science History journal in the context of an association formed to promote social science applications to the analysis of historical data. One indicator of the success of this enterprise is the extent to which historians are applying social science methods. Another indicator is the involvement of non-historians in social science history.

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