scholarly journals Assessment of Fusarium Infection and Mycotoxin Contamination of Wheat Kernels and Flour Using Hyperspectral Imaging

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Alisaac ◽  
Jan Behmann ◽  
Anna Rathgeb ◽  
Petr Karlovsky ◽  
Heinz-Wilhelm Dehne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Fusarium Infection ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination ◽  
Fungal Dna ◽  
Wheat Kernels

Fusarium head blight (FHB) epidemics in wheat and contamination with Fusarium mycotoxins has become an increasing problem over the last decades. This prompted the need for non-invasive and non-destructive techniques to screen cereal grains for Fusarium infection, which is usually accompanied by mycotoxin contamination. This study tested the potential of hyperspectral imaging to monitor the infection of wheat kernels and flour with three Fusarium species. Kernels of two wheat varieties inoculated at anthesis with F. graminearum, F. culmorum, and F. poae were investigated. Hyperspectral images of kernels and flour were taken in the visible-near infrared (VIS-NIR) (400–1000 nm) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) (1000–2500 nm) ranges. The fungal DNA and mycotoxin contents were quantified. Spectral reflectance of Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK) was significantly higher than non-inoculated ones. In contrast, spectral reflectance of flour from non-inoculated kernels was higher than that of FDK in the VIS and lower in the NIR and SWIR ranges. Spectral reflectance of kernels was positively correlated with fungal DNA and deoxynivalenol (DON) contents. In the case of the flour, this correlation exceeded r = −0.80 in the VIS range. Remarkable peaks of correlation appeared at 1193, 1231, 1446 to 1465, and 1742 to 2500 nm in the SWIR range.

scholarly journals Fusarium Head Blight: Effect of Infection Timing on Spread of Fusarium graminearum and Spatial Distribution of Deoxynivalenol within Wheat Spikes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Elias Alisaac ◽  
Anna Rathgeb ◽  
Petr Karlovsky ◽  
Anne-Katrin Mahlein
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Fungal Dna ◽  
Infection Timing ◽  
Wheat Kernels ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Most studies of Fusarium head blight (FHB) focused on wheat infection at anthesis. Less is known about infections at later stages. In this study, the effect of infection timing on the development of FHB and the distribution of fungal biomass and deoxynivalenol (DON) along wheat spikes was investigated. Under greenhouse conditions, two wheat varieties were point-inoculated with Fusarium graminearum starting from anthesis until 25 days after anthesis. The fungus and fungal DNA were isolated from the centers and the bases of all the spikes but not from the tips for all inoculation times and both varieties. In each variety, the amount of fungal DNA and the content of DON and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside (DON-3-G) were higher in the center than in the base for all inoculation times. A positive correlation was found between the content of fungal DNA and DON in the centers as well as the bases of both varieties. This study showed that F. graminearum grows downward within infected wheat spikes and that the accumulation of DON is largely confined to the colonized tissue. Moreover, F. graminearum was able to infect wheat kernels and cause contamination with mycotoxins even when inoculated 25 days after anthesis.

Mycotoxins in barley and oat samples from eastern Canada

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Campbell ◽  
T. M. Choo ◽  
B. Vigier ◽  
L. Underhill
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination ◽  
Canadian Food Inspection Agency

In Eastern Canada Fusarium species infect barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and oats (Avena sativa L.) more frequently than wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), yet information on mycotoxin contamination in barley and oats is lacking. Such information is essential to determine the need for control of fusarium head blight in barley and oats. Therefore, data were retrieved from the Mycotoxin Databank of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency to study mycotoxin contamination in Eastern Canada's barley and oats. Of the 116 barley samples collected from 1991 to 1998 crops, 84 (72%) were contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON). Some samples contained up to 8–9 mg kg−1 of DON. DON contamination was particularly severe in recent years (1996, 1997, and 1998). DON contamination was less frequent and less severe in oats in comparison with barley. Only 34 of the 73 oat samples (47%) contained DON. Thirty-four percent of the barley samples (18/53) and 15% of the oat samples (4/26) contained nivalenol. Zearalenone, ochratoxin A, 3-acetyl DON, 15- acetyl DON, and T-2 were also detected at a low frequency; but HT-2, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), fusarenon X, 15-acetoxyscirpenol, and neosolaniol were not detected in these samples. The results suggest that breeding barley for resistance to DON accumulation is warranted in Eastern Canada. Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare, oat, Avena sativa, mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol

scholarly journals Crop Diseases and Mycotoxin Accumulation in Temperate Agroforestry Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Beule ◽  
Ena Lehtsaar ◽  
Anna Rathgeb ◽  
Petr Karlovsky
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination ◽  
Temperate Agroforestry

Background: Temperate agroforestry is regarded as a sustainable alternative to monoculture agriculture due to enhanced provisioning of ecosystem services. Plant health and food safety are crucial requirements for sustainable agriculture; however, studies of fungal diseases and mycotoxin contamination of crops grown under temperate agroforestry are lacking. This study therefore aimed to compare fungal colonization and mycotoxin contamination of crops grown in temperate agroforestry against conventional monoculture. Methods: The biomass of plant pathogenic fungi in oilseed rape plants and barley and wheat grain harvested in 2016 to 2018 at four paired agroforestry and monoculture sites was quantified using species-specific real-time PCR. Mycotoxin content of barley and wheat grain was determined by HPLC-MS/MS. Results: The colonization of oilseed rape plants with the vascular pathogen Verticillium longisporum and wheat grain with the head blight pathogen Fusarium tricinctum was lower in agroforestry than in conventional monoculture. Mycotoxin content of barley and wheat grain did not differ between agroforestry and monoculture systems and did not exceed the legal limits of the EU. Remarkably, fumonisin B1 was detected in wheat grains at two sites in two years, yet the low levels found do not raise food safety concerns. No differences were found between the two production systems with regard to infection of wheat and barley grain with five Fusarium species (F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. poae, and F. proliferatum) and oilseed rape with fungal pathogens Leptosphaeria biglobosa, Leptosphaeria maculans, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Conclusions: Temperate agroforestry does not negatively affect the infection of wheat, barley and oilseed rape with major fungal pathogens though it may suppress the infection of oilseed rape with V. longisporum and wheat grain with F. tricinctum. Furthermore, temperate agroforestry does not increase mycotoxin contamination of barley and wheat. Therefore, temperate agroforestry does not negatively affect food safety.

Detecting Fusarium head blight in wheat kernels using hyperspectral imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayme G.A. Barbedo ◽  
Casiane S. Tibola ◽  
José M.C. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Kernels

Rapid and nondestructive quantification of deoxynivalenol in individual wheat kernels using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging and chemometrics

Food Control ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 108420
Author(s):  
Guanghui Shen ◽  
Yaoyao Cao ◽  
Xianchao Yin ◽  
Fei Dong ◽  
Jianhong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Wheat Kernels

Detection of insect-damaged wheat kernels using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.B. Singh ◽  
D.S. Jayas ◽  
J. Paliwal ◽  
N.D.G. White
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Wheat Kernels

scholarly journals Moving from qPCR to Chip Digital PCR Assays for Tracking of some Fusarium Species Causing Fusarium Head Blight in Cereals

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Morcia ◽  
Giorgio Tumino ◽  
Giulia Gasparo ◽  
Caterina Ceresoli ◽  
Chiara Fattorini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Risk Control ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fungal Dna ◽  
Pcr Assays

Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) is one of the major diseases affecting small-grain cereals, worldwide spread and responsible for severe yield and quality losses annually. Diagnostic tools, able to track Fusarium species even in the early stages of infection, can contribute to mycotoxins’ risk control. Among DNA-based technologies for Fusarium detection, qPCR (single and multiplex assays) is currently the most applied method. However, pathogen diagnostics is now enforced by digital PCR (dPCR), a breakthrough technology that provides ultrasensitive and absolute nucleic acid quantification. In our work, a panel of chip digital PCR assays was developed to quantify Fusarium graminearum, F.culmorum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. avenaceum. The primers/probes combinations were evaluated on pure fungal samples with cdPCR technique, in comparison with the qPCR approach. Moreover, the cdPCR assays were applied to quantify Fusarium in durum wheat and oat samples, naturally contaminated or spiked with fungal DNA. For a better evaluation of infection level in plants, duplex assays were developed, able to co-amplify both plant and fungal DNA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study directed to the application of digital PCR to Fusarium diagnosis in plants.

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