A Novel Hepe-Like Virus from Farmed Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

The family Hepeviridae includes several positive-stranded RNA viruses, which infect a wide range of mammalian species, chicken, and trout. However, few hepatitis E viruses (HEVs) have been characterized from invertebrates. In this study, a hepevirus, tentatively named Crustacea hepe-like virus 1 (CHEV1), from the economically important crustacean, the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, was characterized. The complete genome consisted of 7750 nucleotides and had a similar structure to known hepatitis E virus genomes. Phylogenetic analyses suggested it might be a novel hepe-like virus within the family Hepeviridae. To our knowledge, this is the first hepe-like virus characterized from crustaceans.

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Complete Genome Sequence of Macrobrachium rosenbergii Golda Virus (MrGV) from China

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani12010027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Fanzeng Meng ◽

Yiting Wang ◽

Guohao Wang ◽

Tao Hu ◽

La Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nucleocapsid Protein ◽

Genomic Sequence ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽

Open Reading Frames ◽

Freshwater Prawn ◽

Ribosomal Frameshift ◽

Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽

The Family ◽

Reading Frames

In a meta-transcriptome study of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii sampled in 2018 from a hatchery, we identified a variant of Macrobrachium rosenbergii golda virus (MrGV) in postlarvae without clinical signs. The virus belongs to the family Roniviridae, and the genome of this MrGV variant, Mr-18, consisted of 28,957 nucleotides, including 4 open reading frames (ORFs): (1) ORF1a, encoding a 3C-like protein (3CLP) (4933 aa); (2) ORF1b, encoding a replicase polyprotein (2877 aa); (3) ORF2, encoding a hypothetical nucleocapsid protein (125 aa); and (4) ORF3, encoding a glycoprotein (1503 aa). ORF1a overlaps with ORF1b with 40 nucleotides, where a −1 ribosomal frameshift with slippage sequence 5′-G14925GGUUUU14931-3′ produces the pp1ab polyprotein. The genomic sequence of Mr-18 shared 97.80% identity with MrGV LH1-2018 discovered in Bangladesh. The amino acid sequence identities between them were 99.30% (ORF1a), 99.60% (ORF1b), 100.00% (ORF2), and 99.80% (ORF3), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) proteins revealed that they clustered together and formed a separate cluster from the genus Okavirus. The finding of MrGV in China warrants further studies to determine its pathogenicity and prevalence within the region.

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Consensus proposals for classification of the family Hepeviridae

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.068429-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 95 (10) ◽

pp. 2223-2232 ◽

Cited By ~ 394

Author(s):

Donald B. Smith ◽

Peter Simmonds ◽

Shahid Jameel ◽

Suzanne U. Emerson ◽

Tim J. Harrison ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mammalian Species ◽

Cutthroat Trout ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Sequence Information ◽

Virus Species ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Family ◽

Novel Variants

The family Hepeviridae consists of positive-stranded RNA viruses that infect a wide range of mammalian species, as well as chickens and trout. A subset of these viruses infects humans and can cause a self-limiting acute hepatitis that may become chronic in immunosuppressed individuals. Current published descriptions of the taxonomical divisions within the family Hepeviridae are contradictory in relation to the assignment of species and genotypes. Through analysis of existing sequence information, we propose a taxonomic scheme in which the family is divided into the genera Orthohepevirus (all mammalian and avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) isolates) and Piscihepevirus (cutthroat trout virus). Species within the genus Orthohepevirus are designated Orthohepevirus A (isolates from human, pig, wild boar, deer, mongoose, rabbit and camel), Orthohepevirus B (isolates from chicken), Orthohepevirus C (isolates from rat, greater bandicoot, Asian musk shrew, ferret and mink) and Orthohepevirus D (isolates from bat). Proposals are also made for the designation of genotypes within the human and rat HEVs. This hierarchical system is congruent with hepevirus phylogeny, and the three classification levels (genus, species and genotype) are consistent with, and reflect discontinuities in the ranges of pairwise distances between amino acid sequences. Adoption of this system would include the avoidance of host names in taxonomic identifiers and provide a logical framework for the assignment of novel variants.

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Serologic Analysis of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Patients with Kidney-Related Illnesses

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2020050064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 64

Author(s):

Martynas Simanavičius ◽

Arūnė Verbickaitė ◽

Paulius Lukas Tamošiūnas ◽

Ernesta Mačionienė ◽

Indrė Kučinskaitė-Kodzė

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Rna Virus ◽

Mammalian Species ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽

The Family ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Globally Distributed ◽

Undercooked Pork

Hepatitis E is a globally distributed human disease caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV). HEV is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the family Hepeviridae. Within the genus Orthohepevirus, seven HEV genotypes infect various mammalian hosts. HEV genotypes HEV-1 to HEV-4 and HEV-7 can infect humans. HEV-3 is zoonotic with the domestic pig, wild boar, deer and other mammalian species as reservoirs. HEV-3 is an underestimated emerging threat which is spread across Europe. It is transmitted through undercooked pork meat or other products, and with blood components through transfusions. HEV-3 infection in immunocompetent patients is self-limiting and clinically asymptomatic. However, immunocompromised individuals are at a high risk of developing chronic hepatitis E. Chronic infection may lead to life-threatening liver cirrhosis. Patients with kidney transplants or kidney-related illnesses are in this risk group. In this study, a serologic analysis of blood samples obtained from kidney transplant recipients, patients with chronic kidney disease, patients under dialysis and healthy controls was performed. A prevalence of anti-HEV antibodies was assessed by commercial and in-house ELISAs.

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Identification and Characterization of Differentially Expressed Transcripts in the Gills of Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) under Salt Stress

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/2012/149361 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Hirak Kumar Barman ◽

Swagat Kumar Patra ◽

Varsha Das ◽

Shibani Dutta Mohapatra ◽

Pallipuram Jayasankar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saline Water ◽

Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽

Freshwater Prawn ◽

Salinity Acclimation ◽

Important Species ◽

Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽

Wide Range ◽

Rapid Amplification ◽

Identification And Characterization

The giant freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii,is an economically important species. It is a euryhaline shrimp, surviving in wide-range salinity conditions. A change in gene expression has been suggested as an important component for stress management. To better understand the osmoregulatory mechanisms mediated by the gill, a subtractive and suppressive hybridization (SSH) tool was used to identify expressed transcripts linked to adaptations in saline water. A total of 117 transcripts represented potentially expressed under salinity conditions. BLAST analysis identified 22% as known genes, 9% as uncharacterized showing homologous to unannotated ESTs, and 69% as unknown sequences. All the identified known genes representing broad spectrum of biological pathways were particularly linked to stress tolerance including salinity tolerance. Expression analysis of 10 known genes and 7 unknown/uncharacterized genes suggested their upregulation in the gills of prawn exposed to saline water as compared to control indicating that these are likely to be associated with salinity acclimation. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) was used for obtaining full-length cDNA of MRSW-40 clone that was highly upregulated during salt exposure. The sequenced ESTs presented here will have potential implications for future understanding about salinity acclimation and/or tolerance of the prawn.

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Giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man, 1879) farming in brackish water areas of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

Can Tho University Journal of Science ◽

10.22144/ctu.jen.2017.053 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 07 ◽

pp. 82 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hai, T.N. ◽

Phuong, N.T. ◽

Huong, D.T.T. ◽

Viet, L.Q. ◽

Huong, H.K.

Keyword(s):

Brackish Water ◽

Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽

Mekong Delta ◽

Freshwater Prawn ◽

Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽

De Man

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Effect of various medium compositions on survival and hatching rates of embryos of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultured in vitro

Fisheries Science ◽

10.1046/j.1444-2906.2001.00200.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 64-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Praneet Damrongphol ◽

Pleanphit Jaroensastraraks ◽

Boonserm Poolsanguan

Keyword(s):

Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽

Freshwater Prawn ◽

Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽

Hatching Rates

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Characterization of prostanoid pathway and the control of its activity by the eyestalk optic ganglion in the female giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05898 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. e05898

Author(s):

Tipsuda Thongbuakaew ◽

Chanudporn Sumpownon ◽

Attakorn Engsusophon ◽

Napamanee Kornthong ◽

Charoonroj Chotwiwatthanakun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽

Freshwater Prawn ◽

Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽

Optic Ganglion

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Hepatitis E Virus Occurrence in Pigs Slaughtered in Italy

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11020277 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 277

Author(s):

Eleonora Chelli ◽

Elisabetta Suffredini ◽

Paola De Santis ◽

Dario De Medici ◽

Santina Di Bella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

High Seroprevalence ◽

Genotype 3 ◽

Sporadic Cases ◽

Wild Boar Meat ◽

Small Clusters ◽

Frequent Exposure

In Europe, foodborne transmission has been clearly associated to sporadic cases and small clusters of hepatitis E in humans linked to the consumption of contaminated pig liver sausages, raw venison, or undercooked wild boar meat. In Europe, zoonotic HEV-genotype 3 strains are widespread in pig farms but little information is available on the prevalence of HEV positive pigs at slaughterhouse. In the present study, the prevalence of HEV-RNA positive pigs was assessed on 585 animals from 4 abattoirs located across Italy. Twenty-one pigs (3.6%) tested positive for HEV in either feces or liver by real-time RT-PCR. In these 21 pigs, eight diaphragm muscles resulted positive for HEV-RNA. Among animals collected in one abattoir, 4 out of 91 plasma tested positive for HEV-RNA. ELISA tests for the detection of total antibodies against HEV showed a high seroprevalence (76.8%), confirming the frequent exposure of pigs to the virus. The phylogenetic analyses conducted on sequences of both ORF1 and ORF2 fragments, shows the circulation of HEV-3c and of a novel unclassified subtype. This study provides information on HEV occurrence in pigs at the slaughterhouse, confirming that muscles are rarely contaminated by HEV-RNA compared to liver, which is the most frequently positive for HEV.

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