scholarly journals Influences on Attitudes Regarding Potential COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendall Pogue ◽  
Jamie L. Jensen ◽  
Carter K. Stancil ◽  
Daniel G. Ferguson ◽  
Savannah J. Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
The World ◽  
Short And Long Term

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to ravage the world, with the United States being highly affected. A vaccine provides the best hope for a permanent solution to controlling the pandemic. However, to be effective, a vaccine must be accepted and used by a large majority of the population. The aim of this study was to understand the attitudes towards and obstacles facing vaccination with a potential COVID-19 vaccine. To measure these attitudes a survey was administered to 316 respondents across the United States by a survey corporation. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships of several factors with attitudes toward potential COVID-19 vaccination. Prior vaccine usage and attitudes predicted attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. Assessment of the severity of COVID-19 for the United States was also predictive. Approximately 68% of all respondents were supportive of being vaccinated for COVID-19, but side effects, efficacy and length of testing remained concerns. Longer testing, increased efficacy and development in the United States were significantly associated with increased vaccine acceptance. Messages promoting COVID-19 vaccination should seek to alleviate the concerns of those who are already vaccine-hesitant. Messaging directed at the benefits of vaccination for the United States as a country would address the second predictive factor. Enough time should be taken to allay concerns about both short- and long-term side effects before a vaccine is released.

scholarly journals Influences on Attitudes regarding Potential COVID-19 Vaccination in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendall Pogue ◽  
Jamie Jensen ◽  
Carter Stancil ◽  
Daniel Ferguson ◽  
Savannah Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Predictive Factor ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
The World ◽  
Short And Long Term

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to ravage the world, with the United States being highly affected. A vaccine provides the best hope for a permanent solution to controlling the pandemic. However, to be effective, a vaccine must be accepted and used by a large majority of the population. Structural equation modelling was used to analyze the relationships of several factors with attitudes toward potential COVID-19 vaccination. The survey was administered to 316 respondents across the United States by a survey corporation. Prior vaccine usage and attitudes predicted attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. Assessment of the severity of COVID-19 for the United States was also predictive. Approximately 68% of all respondents were supportive of being vaccinated for COVID-19, but side effects, efficacy, and length of testing remained concerns. Longer testing, increased efficacy and development in the United States were significantly associated with increased vaccine acceptance. Messages promoting COVID-19 vaccination should seek to alleviate the concerns of those who are already vaccine-hesitant. Messaging directed at the benefits of vaccination for the United States as a country would address the second predictive factor. Enough time should be taken to allay concerns about both short and long-term side effects before a vaccine is released.

scholarly journals Using structural equation modeling to model compliance with COVID-19 related non-pharmaceutical interventions amongst university students in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer Shumway ◽  
Jonas Hopper ◽  
Ethan Richard Tolman ◽  
Daniel Ferguson ◽  
Gabriella Hubble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
General Trust ◽  
The World ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

The world is currently dealing with a devastating pandemic. Although growing COVID-19 case numbers, deaths, and hospitalizations are concerning, this spread is particularly alarming in the United States where polarizing opinions, changing policies, and misinformation abound. In particular, American college campuses have been a venue of rampant transmission, with concerning spillover into surrounding, more vulnerable, communities. We surveyed over 600 college students from across the United States and modeled predictors of compliance with non-pharmaceutical interventions. We identified concern with severity (p < .001), constitutional originalist ideology (p < .001), news exposure (p < .001) and religiosity (p < .05) as significant positive correlates with compliance, and general trust in science (p < .05) as a significant negative correlate. To determine how applicable nationwide modeling might be to individual local campuses we also administered this same survey to nearly 600 students at two large universities in Utah County. In this population, concern with severity was the only significant positive correlate with compliance (p < .001); Additionally, feelings of inconvenience was negatively correlated (p < .001). The effects of feelings of inconvenience, and news exposure were significantly different between populations (p < .001, p < .001). These results suggest that we should focus our efforts on increasing knowledge about the pandemic’s effects on our society and informing about constitutionality amongst college students. However, we also show that nationwide surveys and modeling are informative, but if campuses are to efficiently curb the spread of COVID-19 this coming semester, they would be best served to utilize data collected from their student populations as these might significantly differ from general consensus data.

scholarly journals Does Stigma Toward Anal Sexuality Impede HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States? A Structural Equation Modeling Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-490
Author(s):  
Bryan A. Kutner ◽  
Jane M. Simoni ◽  
Kevin M. King ◽  
Steven M. Goodreau ◽  
Andrea Norcini Pala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Sex With Men

LSD experiments by the United States Army

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-442
Author(s):  
Colin A Ross
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
United States Army ◽  
The United States ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
The Us ◽  
Short And Long Term

Extensive LSD testing was conducted by the US Army at Edgewood Arsenal and other locations from 1955 to 1967. A number of different reports have been produced describing the health effects of this testing, including the Veterans Health Initiative Report in 2003. By and large, these reports gloss over and minimize the short and long-term side effects and complications of this testing. However, the reports themselves document frequent, severe complications of the LSD. These side effects were regarded by the Army as having been directly caused by the LSD exposure. In view of the current resurgence of interest in hallucinogens within psychiatry, the sanitized version of the effects of LSD exposure on US soldiers needs to be replaced with a more accurate account.

scholarly journals Graduates Competence Assessment on Employability Skills: Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Fuad A. A. Awwad
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Employability Skills ◽  
Equation Modeling

This article examines the necessary skills that students need as they graduate and enter the labor market, such as effective communication, relationship building and teamwork, leadership and management, and creative and critical thinking, among others. Some debate exists over the level at which college students develop their employability skills and the degree to which higher education institutions are effective at preparing their students to meet labor market requirements. Therefore, to offer additional insights into the debate, this study investigates the perceptions of College of Business Administration (CBA) students in the United States of their employability skills and how they developed those skills. Using a Likert-scale survey, 303 student-participants self-reported their skill levels in different employability skill competency areas. Confirmatory factor analysis was one of the structural equation modeling techniques used to explore and measure the skills that undergraduate students needed for employment. In the United States, higher education has become more expensive and students are graduating with considerable debt. Therefore, higher education institutions must be willing to address the issue of employability after graduation and find new and improved ways to develop their students’ ES, such that abilities to conceptualize that had the strongest influence on employment.

scholarly journals Perceived Sustainability and Customer Engagement in the Online Shopping Environment: The Rational and Emotional Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Xiaojing Sun ◽  
Dongwei Yan ◽  
Decheng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Customer Relationships ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Short And Long Term

As increasing numbers of customers pay attention to product and service sustainability when shopping online, more and more firms in the online market engage in promoting perceived sustainability to establish close customer relationships. Prior studies implied the effects of perceived sustainability on transactional customer relationships, however, the role of perceived sustainability in influencing nontransactional customer relationships has received little attention. Drawing on existing conceptual models, this study aimed at exploring the effects of perceived sustainability on rational and emotional customer engagement (CE) in the online shopping environment. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey in China. Using the partial least squares (PLS) approach-based structural equation modeling (SEM) method, the authors found that perceived sustainability positively affects the two CE orientations through influencing short- and long-term transactional attitudes (satisfaction and commitment). A strong interrelationship between rational and emotional CE was also found. This is the first study presenting empirical evidence of the effects of perceived sustainability on nontransactional customer relationships from the rational and emotional perspectives. It also provides critical implications for online sellers in designing engagement programs.

scholarly journals The Threat of Appearing Racist: Stereotype Threat and Support for Coercion Among Australian Police Officers

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482199351
Author(s):  
Molly Mccarthy ◽  
Rick Trinkner ◽  
Phillip Atiba Goff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equation Modeling

Recent research in the United States has argued that the threat of confirming the “racist cop” stereotype may paradoxically increase the propensity for coercive policing by depressing officers’ self-legitimacy. The current study aimed to assess the influence of the threat of the “racist cop” stereotype on officers’ self-legitimacy and their attitudes toward force in an Australian policing jurisdiction. An online survey was completed by 306 frontline officers in Queensland, Australia. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the influence of stereotype threat on officers’ attitudes toward force, and the extent to which this is mediated by perceptions of self-legitimacy. The findings confirmed previous findings, with increased officer perceptions of stereotype threat associated with increased support for coercive policing, mediated by reduced self-legitimacy. The findings are discussed with reference to how the validity and salience of the “racist cop” stereotype can be diminished.

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