scholarly journals Long-Term Toxicological Monitoring of a Multibarrier Advanced Wastewater Treatment Plant Comprising Ozonation and Granular Activated Carbon with In Vitro Bioassays

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3245
Author(s):  
Lam T. Phan ◽  
Heidemarie Schaar ◽  
Daniela Reif ◽  
Sascha Weilguni ◽  
Ernis Saracevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
In Vitro Bioassays

A set of CALUX in vitro bioassays was applied for long-term toxicity monitoring at an advanced wastewater treatment plant comprising ozonation and granular activated carbon filtration for the abatement of contaminants of emerging concern (CEC). During the 13-month monitoring, eight reporter gene assays targeting different modes of action along the cellular toxicity pathway were accessed to evaluate the suitability and robustness of the technologies. Two approaches were followed: on the one hand, signal reduction during advanced treatment was monitored; on the other hand, results were compared to currently available effect-based trigger values (EBTs). A decrease of the corresponding biological equivalent concentrations after the multibarrier system could be observed for all modes of action; while the estrogenic activity decreased below the EBT already during ozonation, the potencies of oxidative stress-like and toxic PAH-like compounds still exceeded the discussed EBT after advanced treatment. Overall, the long-term monitoring confirmed the positive effect of the multibarrier system, commonly evaluated only by CEC abatement based on chemical analysis. It could be demonstrated that advanced WWTPs designed for CEC abatement are suitable to significantly decrease toxicity responses not only in the frame of pilot studies but under real-world conditions as well.

Activated Carbon as an Advanced Treatment for Petrochemical Wastewaters

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Guarino ◽  
B. P. Da-Rin ◽  
A. Gazen ◽  
E. P. Goettems
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Priority Pollutants ◽  
Petrochemical Wastes ◽  
Adsorptive Properties

This paper presents the results of a study conducted with the purpose of establishing the feasibility of using activated carbon as an advanced treatment process for petrochemical wastewaters. Two pilot plants using Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) and Granular Activated Carbon (GAC), respectively, were operated for a period of 15 weeks, fed with the effluent of a petrochemical wastewater treatment plant. The study was made using all available Brazilian carbons at the time. Isotherm tests and other carbon properties were used to select the carbons for GAC and PAC plants. The two pilot plants were operated between 8 April and 24 June 1981 at CETREL's wastewater treatment plant located at Camacari, BA, Brazil. The plant treats organic wastewaters from a petrochemical complex. During the first two GAC runs, low COD removal efficiencies were evident, and the effluent of all columns contained color due to the presence of organic colloids which were not adsorbed by the carbon. For this reason the feed to the system was pretreated to remove organic colloids. During the study period six GAC test runs were conducted using carbon GM and one using carbon HIDRO-G. Comparison of the two carbons showed that GM was the superior of the two. At all times, the GAC pilot plant using GM produced a colorless effluent from the amber-colored influent. At the same time, the PAC system, with a carbon dosage of 100 mg/l, was not capable of removing the color. One sample of carbon was regenerated to study its performance after regeneration. The analysis of the obtained data suggests that the adsorptive properties of the virgin and regenerated carbon may differ by as much as 12%. Several tests were made to determine the removal efficiency of priority pollutants in the GAC and PAC systems. These tests indicated that the GAC system is capable of reducing organic priority pollutants to below detectable limits. Metal analyses were made on several occasions on the GAC systems in addition to those conducted on priority pollutants samples. These tests indicated that metal concentrations in the GAC effluent were at or below the proposed effluent standards. The authors concluded that granular activated carbon is a sound advanced treatment process for petrochemical wastes to reduce organic priority pollutants to below detectable limits, producing an effluent with less than 150 mg/l COD.

Packed-Cage RBC with Combined Cultivation of Suspended and Fixed-Film Biomass

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wanner ◽  
M. Sýkora ◽  
M. Kos ◽  
J. Miklenda ◽  
P. Grau
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Random Medium ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Mixing Effect ◽  
Scale Unit ◽  
Fixed Film ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactors ◽  
Bod Removal

The situation in the treatment of wastewaters from small sources in Czechoslovakia has been discussed and two types of manufactured rotating biological contactors have been described. The evaluation of RBCs' operation showed the main disadvantages of the contactors with conventional discs, viz. the low 0C and low mixing effect. In a newly designed RBC, the discs or packets of discs were replaced by a cage packed with a random medium. The cage was equipped with tubular aeration and mixing elements. The long-term tests with a pilot-plant and a full-scale unit using synthetic as well as municipal wastewaters proved the ability of the packed-cage RBC to achieve a low effluent BOD with such organic loadings when the effluent from the conventional RBCs already deteriorated. Besides the BOD removal the 0C of the packed-cage RBCs was tested to verify the possibility of the combined cultivation of suspended and fixed-film biomass. On the basis of results presented here, a new package wastewater treatment plant for about 500 PE will be designed.

Removal of cyanobacterial metabolites through wastewater treatment plant filters

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1244-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Ho ◽  
Daniel Hoefel ◽  
Charlotte Grasset ◽  
Sebastien Palazot ◽  
Gayle Newcombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Filter Medium ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
High Nutrient

Wastewaters have the potential to proliferate excessive numbers of cyanobacteria due to high nutrient levels. This could translate to the production of metabolites, such as the saxitoxins, geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), which can impair the quality of wastewater destined for re-use. Biological sand filtration was assessed for its ability to remove these metabolites from a wastewater. Results indicated that the sand filter was incapable of effectively removing the saxitoxins and in some instances, the effluent of the sand filter displayed greater toxicity than the influent. Conversely, the sand filter was able to effectively remove geosmin and MIB, with removal attributed to biodegradation. Granular activated carbon was employed as an alternative filter medium to remove the saxitoxins. Results showed similar removals to previous drinking water studies, where efficient removals were initially observed, followed by a decrease in the removal; a consequence of the presence of competing organics which reduced adsorption of the saxitoxins.

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