scholarly journals Drought Monitoring over Nepal for the Last Four Decades and Its Connection with Southern Oscillation Index

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 3411
Author(s):  
Damodar Bagale ◽  
Madan Sigdel ◽  
Deepak Aryal
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Phase Relation ◽  
Southern Oscillation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
Standard Precipitation Index ◽  
Strong Phase ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Moderate Drought

This study identified summer and annual drought events using the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) for 107 stations across Nepal from 1977 to 2018. For this, frequency, duration, and severity of drought events were investigated. The SPI4 and SPI12 time scales were interpolated to illustrate the spatial patterns of major drought episodes and their severity. A total of 13 and 24 percent of stations over the country showed a significant decreasing trend for SPI4 and SPI12. Droughts were recorded during El Niño and non-El Niño years in Nepal. Among them, 1992 was the worst drought year, followed by the drought year, 2015. More than 44 percent of the locations in the country were occupied under drought conditions during these extreme drought events. Droughts have been recorded more frequently in Nepal since 2005. The areas of Nepal affected by extreme, severe, and moderate drought in summer were 8, 9, and 18 percent, while during annual events they were 7, 11, and 17 percent, respectively. Generally, during the drought years, the SPI and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) have a strong phase relation compared to the average years.

scholarly journals A first shallow firn-core record from Glaciar La Ollada, Cerro Mercedario, central Argentine Andes

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bolius ◽  
Margit Schwikowski ◽  
Theo Jenk ◽  
Heinz W. Gäggeler ◽  
Gino Casassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Southern Oscillation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Paleoclimate Reconstruction ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Annual Layer ◽  
Firn Core

AbstractIn January 2003, shallow firn cores were recovered from Glaciar Esmeralda on Cerro del Plomo (33°14’S, 70°13’W; 5300 ma.s.l.), central Chile, and from Glaciar La Ollada on Cerro Mercedario (31°58’S, 70°07’W; 6070 ma.s.l.), Argentina, in order to find a suitable archive for paleoclimate reconstruction in a region strongly influenced by the El Nino-Southern Oscillation. In the area between 28°S and 35°S, the amount of winter precipitation is significantly correlated to the Southern Oscillation Index, with higher values during El Nino years. Glaciochemical analysis indicates that the paleo-record at Glaciar La Ollada is well preserved, whereas at Glaciar Esmeralda the record is strongly influenced by meltwater formation and percolation. A preliminary dating of the Mercedario core by annual-layer counting results in a time-span of 17 years (1986-2002), yielding an average annual net accumulation of 0.45 m w.e.

scholarly journals KAJIAN STATISTIK UKURAN BESAR BUTIR SEDIMEN DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN VARIABILITAS IKLIM MUSIMAN DAN TAHUNAN DI MUARA GEMBONG, TELUK JAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufik R. Syachputra ◽  
Ivonne M. Radjawane ◽  
Rina Zuraida
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Southern Oscillation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation ◽  
Dipole Mode ◽  
Australian Monsoon ◽  
Dipole Mode Index ◽  
Monsoon Index ◽  
Mode Index

Variabilitas iklim dapat mempengaruhi sifat sedimen yang terendapkan di dasar laut. Salah satu sifat sedimen yang dipengaruhi oleh iklim adalah besar butir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara besar butir dengan variabilitas iklim menggunakan sampel core GM01-2010-TJ22 dari Muara Gembong, Teluk Jakarta, muara sungai Citarum. Sampel core diambil pada tahun 2010 dengan menggunakan Kapal Riset Geomarin I oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi Kelautan (P3GL). Pengukuran besar butir dilakukan dengan menggunakan Mastersizer 2000. Hasil pengukuran ditampilkan dalam seri waktu dari tahun 2001 sampai 2010. Hasil analisis besar butir sampel sedimen dikorelasikan secara statistik dengan fenomena musiman (monsun), tahunan dan antar tahun (El Niño/La Niña dan Dipole Mode). Verifikasi data dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder temperatur permukaan laut dari citra satelit di sekitar lokasi sampel dan data curah hujan di Bekasi. Hasil verifikasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan curah hujan di sekitar daerah hilir Sungai Citarum diikuti dengan penurunan temperatur permukaan laut dan peningkatan ukuran rata-rata besar butir. Hasil yang didapat dalam uji statistika menunjukkan bahwa perubahan ukuran besar butir sampel sedimen di Muara Gembong memiliki korelasi signifikan dengan Multivariate ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) Index (MEI), Ocean Niño Index (ONI), Dipole Mode Index (DMI) dan Australian Monsoon Index (AUSMI). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa besar butir sedimen dasar laut potensial digunakan untuk mengetahui variabilitas iklim di sekitar Teluk Jakarta.

scholarly journals The Correlation of Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) with the Rainfall at Rainy and Dry Season Peak in Kintamani-Bangli Region period 1986-2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Wayan Mita Restitiasih ◽  
I Ketut Sukarasa ◽  
I Wayan Andi Yuda
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Southern Oscillation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
The Relationship

A correlation study of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) on rainfall at the peak of the wet and dry season in the Kintamani-Bangli region has been carried out by taking SOI values and rainfall data for the period 1986-2015. The rainfall data used were recorded at 2 rain posts, namely Kembangsari and Kintamani. The research aimed to determine the relationship of fluctuations in the value of SOI with the intensity of rainfall, so that it can be used as a regional management plan when El Nino occurs. The method used in this study is correlation. The results obtained from the correlation that is the relationship between SOI value and rainfall in February were quite strong in the Kembangsari post with correlation coefficient of 0.409. Whereas for the Kintamani post the correlation obtained was weak with a correlation coefficient of 0.308. Then in August a weak correlation occurred in the Kembangsari post with a correlation coefficient of 0.2398 and was quite strong in the Kintamani post with a correlation coefficient of 0.4662. So that the influence of El Nino in the Kintamani area in February was more dominant in the Kembangsari post and in August at the Kintamani post.

scholarly journals KORELASI INDEKS NINO 3.4 DAN SOUTHERN OSCILLATION INDEX (SOI) DENGAN VARIASI CURAH HUJAN DI SEMARANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Anistia Malinda Hidayat ◽  
Usman Efendi ◽  
Lisa Agustina ◽  
Paulus Agus Winarso
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Southern Oscillation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Niño Southern Oscillation ◽  
El Nino Southern Oscillation

Semarang merupakan salah satu wilayah di Indonesia yang rawan terdampak bencana hidrometeorologi. Sejumlah wilayah di Semarang merupakan daerah rawan kekeringan, sementara di wilayah lainnya merupakan daerah langganan banjir tiap tahunnya. Salah satu parameter yang memiliki keterkaitan erat dengan fenomena hidrometeorologi adalah El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Sebagai sirkulasi tropis non musiman, ENSO memiliki peran penting terhadap variasi curah hujan yang diamati. Penelitian terkait ENSO telah banyak dilakukan sebelumnya, namun belum ada penelitian tekait yang dilakukan di Semarang yang notabene merupakan daerah rawan bencana hidrometeorologi, sehingga fluktuasi ENSO menarik untuk dikaji di wilayah ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi fenomena global laut atmosfer terhadap distribusi curah hujan di wilayah Semarang. Dalam jangka waktu 15 tahun (2001-2015), pengaruh dari ENSO dianalisis menggunakan korelasi temporal untuk menentukan dampak dari ENSO pada curah hujan yang diamati di enam pos pengamatan hujan di Semarang. Analisis tersebut menunjukkan bahwa korelasi antara anomali Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL) di wilayah Nino 3.4 dengan curah hujan diamati secara signifikan pada lima pos pengamatan hujan selama periode September Oktober November (SON) dengan rentang nilai korelasi antara -0.598 sampai dengan -0.679. Sementara itu, korelasi variabilitas curah hujan dengan Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) menunjukan nilai yang berkisar antara 0.561 sampai dengan 0.780. Curah hujan yang diamati umumnya selalu berkurang pada tahun-tahun dimana nilai indeks Nino 3.4 positif dan nilai SOI negatif, sedangkan curah hujan diamati meningkat pada tahun-tahun dimana nilai indeks Nino 3.4 negatif dan nilai SOI yang positif.

scholarly journals On the progress of the 2015–2016 El Niño event

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 2007-2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costas A. Varotsos ◽  
Chris G. Tzanis ◽  
Nicholas V. Sarlis
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Southern Oscillation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Linear Dynamics ◽  
El Niño Event ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
El Niño Events ◽  
Index Time Series

Abstract. It has been recently reported that the current 2015–2016 El Niño could become "one of the strongest on record". To further explore this claim, we performed the new analysis described in detail in Varotsos et al. (2015) that allows the detection of precursory signals of the strong El Niño events by using a recently developed non-linear dynamics tool. In this context, the analysis of the Southern Oscillation Index time series for the period 1876–2015 shows that the running 2015–2016 El Niño would be rather a "moderate to strong" or even a "strong" event and not “one of the strongest on record", as that of 1997–1998.

scholarly journals Sur la variabilite des precipitations dans la basse californie du nord (Mexique)

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-720
Author(s):  
Ph. Daget ◽  
S. Reyes
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
Southern Oscillation Index ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation

Les données de 36 stations climatologiques, pour la période 1957 - 1983, ont été utilisées pour caractériser l’influence tropicale sur les précipitations observées en Basse Californie du Nord. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence que les variabilités spatiale et temporelle sont associées á la tropicalité. Pendant l’hiver, les précipitations sont surtout originaires des latitudes moyennes (c’est-á-dire du Pacifique Nord). Pendant l’été, les précipitations ont une origine tropicale, c’est-á-dire, du Pacifique et de l’Atlantique équatoriaux ; cependant, le volume des précipitations est étroitement dépendant d’un phénomène á échelle planétaire. L’analyse met en effet en évidence une très forte influence tropicale pendant les périodes de « NO-ENSO » (ou El Niño/Oscillation australe). L’indice de tropicale (défini comme le quotient de la somme des médianes mensuelles des précipitations estivales par la somme des médianes mensuelles des précipitations estivales par la comme des médianes mensuelles sur l’ensemble de l’année ) est maximal en 1963, 1967, 1971 et 1976 avec des valeurs de 42%, 48%, 59% et 57% respectivement. Tous les quatre coïncident avec des anomalies positives du Southern Oscillation Index

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document