MOSCOW INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIA ON SOLAR SYSTEM RESEARCH (10M-S3 AND 11M-S3) REPORTS REVIEW. Part 1. Mars exploration

Author(s):  
Roman A. EVDOKIMOV

A review of the reports of the last two Moscow International Symposia on Solar System Research has been completed. In the first part of the review, 43 reports of the main session of the "Mars" section are considered. The works of leading experts in the field of planetary science cover a wide range of scientific and applied problems - from the study of the geological history and climate of Mars, the search for traces of life and subsurface water reserves, to new technologies in planetary research, mission planning, as well as monitoring solar activity and radiation conditions in the interplanetary space, orbit and the surface of Mars. The data obtained in the last two decades has made it possible to significantly advance in understanding the nature of Mars, but many unresolved questions remain regarding the climate in the early era, the existence of the Martian oceans in the past, biological and geological activity. The scientific results obtained by unmanned spacecraft should be fully taken into account in the development of manned deep space exploration programs. Key words: Solar system, planetology, international symposium, deep space, automatic interplanetary stations, Mars, Moon, reports review

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 199-211
Author(s):  
Robert L. Millis

Various types of occultations and eclipses offer individuals with access to small telescopes the opportunity to contribute significantly to modern solar system research. In fact, often it is only through the cooperation of several such observers that the desired scientific objectives can be realized. This review discusses three classes of occultations which are of high current interest and which are particularly suitable for investigation with small telescopes.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Law ◽  
Brian Day ◽  

<p>NASA’s Solar System Treks program produces a suite of interactive visualization and AI/data science analysis tools. These tools enable mission planners, planetary scientists, and engineers to access geospatial data products derived from big data returned from a wide range of instruments aboard a variety of past and current missions, for a growing number of planetary bodies.</p><p>The portals provide easy-to-use tools for browse, search and the ability to overlay a growing range and large amount of value added data products. Data products can be viewed in 2D and 3D, in VR and can be easily integrated by stacking and blending together rendering optimal visualization. Data sets can be plotted and compared against each other. Standard gaming and 3D mouse controllers allow users to maneuver first-person visualizations of flying across planetary surfaces.</p><p>The portals provide a set of advanced analysis tools that employed AI and data science methods. The tools facilitate measurement and study of terrain including distance, height, and depth of surface features. They allow users to perform analyses such as lighting and local hazard assessments including slope, surface roughness and crater/boulder distribution, rockfall distribution, and surface electrostatic potential. These tools faciliate a wide range of activities including the planning, design, development, test and operations associated with lunar sortie missions; robotic (and potentially crewed) operations on the surface; planning tasks in the areas of landing site evaluation and selection; design and placement of landers and other stationary assets; design of rovers and other mobile assets; developing terrain-relative navigation (TRN) capabilities; deorbit/impact site visualization; and assessment and planning of science traverses. Additional tools useful scientific research are under development such as line of sight calculation.</p><p>Seven portals are publicly available to explore the Moon, Mars, Vesta, Ceres, Titan, IcyMoons, and Mercury with more portals in development and planning stages.</p><p>This presentation will provide an overview of the Solar System Treks and highlight its innovative visualization and analysis capabilities that advance scientific discovery.  The information system and science communities are invited to provide suggestions and requests as the development team continues to expand the portals’ tool suite to maximize scientific research.</p><p>Lastly, the authors would like to thank the Planetary Science Division of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, NASA’s SMD Science Engagement and Partnerships, the Advanced Explorations Systems Program of NASA’s Human Exploration Operations Directorate, and the Moons to Mars Mission Directorate for their support and guidance in the development of the Solar System Treks.</p>


1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-274

At the 1988 Baltimore General Assembly of the International Astronomical Union, members of several Commissions dealing with planetary science expressed deep concern that no work was being undertaken to identify and avoid pollution problems in interplanetary space beyond the Moon. At that time NASA had convened a conference on problems in cislunar space due to the large and growing numbers of orbiting fragments hazardous to space vehicles. In translunar space this is hardly a problem. However an alarming number of future interplanetary mission proposals were considered for other reasons to be potentially harmful to various solar system bodies and interplanetary space itself.


Eos ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (19) ◽  
pp. 211-211
Author(s):  
Anonymous

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
Z. R. Dai ◽  
J. P. Bradley ◽  
T. P. Snow ◽  
Z. L Wang

It is widely appreciated that the study of (man-made) nanomaterials is a new frontier in materials science, but it is not well appreciated that (natural) nanomaterials represent a new frontier in meteoritics and planetary science [1]. During the next decade the nanogram to microgram quantities of extraterrestrial materials will be returned to Earth from a variety of solar system bodies including comets [2]. Studies of cometary interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) collected in the stratosphere, as well as mass spectrometry data from grains analyzed in-situ at comet Halley, suggest that the returned comet samples will be heterogeneous on a scale of nanometers [3, 4]. (A single 5-10μm diameter IDP may contain >106 individual grains and many different minerals (metal, carbonaceous phases, silicates, sulfides, etc.)). More recent observations of dust around stars, in interplanetary space, and at comet Hale-Bopp indicate that the predominant astronomical grain size is in the nanometer to submicrometer size range [5,6].


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