Specification for short and long solid-stem thermometers for precision use

Cytogenetic analysis of selected F5 lines of the pentaploid hybrid, Rescue (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.) × Golden Ball (T. durum Desf.) showed that chromosome XVI is the member of the D genome of Rescue that prevents transfer of the more solid top culm internode of Golden Ball to hexaploid segregates. It also produces a lax spike. Chromosome XX, which is the D-genome chromosome mainly responsible for the hollowness of hollow-stemmed hexaploids, probably has little effect in Rescue. Long awns were associated with low chromosome number but not with stem solidness or dense spike; therefore, the chromosome that suppresses awn development is probably not XVI.Three 42-chromosome segregates from the cross were more solid in the top internode than Rescue, presumably because of segregation of genes in the A and B genomes. It is unlikely, however, that a fully hexaploid segregate with a top internode as solid as that of Golden Ball can be selected from this hybrid.

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Host plant interactions between wheat germplasm source and wheat stem sawfly Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) I. Commercial cultivars

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps2012-088 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (4) ◽

pp. 607-617 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

B. L. Beres ◽

H. A. Cárcamo ◽

J. R. Byers ◽

F. R. Clarke ◽

C. J. Pozniak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Plant Interactions ◽

Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽

Cephus Cinctus ◽

Wheat Germplasm ◽

Commercial Cultivars ◽

Solid Stem ◽

The Impact

Beres, B. L., Cárcamo, H. A., Byers, J. R., Clarke, F. R., Pozniak, C. J., Basu, S. K. and DePauw, R. M. 2013. Host plant interactions between wheat germplasm source and wheat stem sawfly Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) I. Commercial cultivars. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 607–617. The wheat stem sawfly (WSS) Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) is an economically destructive insect pest of wheat in the northern Great Plains. A significant resurgence of the insect pest in the southern prairies of Canada caused substantial economic losses from 1999 through 2007. Solid-stem cultivar selection is critical to the management of WSS but adoption of the use of these cultivars was low, which compounded losses at harvest. A study was conducted from 2001 to 2003 in southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada (1) to establish the range of susceptibility of hollow- and solid-stem varieties representing the major spring wheat classes and (2) to determine the impact of host plant on WSS population dynamics. The solid-stem varieties were generally superior at reducing damage and fitness response of WSS. However, in addition to the durum cultivars AC Navigator and AC Avonlea, the variety McKenzie, which was considered hollow, provided improved efficacy over other hollow-stem cultivars. Our study suggests solid-stem cultivars are highly effective but prone to inconsistent performance and should therefore be integrated into a holistic strategy for WSS that includes agronomics and biocontrol. A companion paper will report on the response of cultivars with novel sources of germplasm.

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CYTOGENETICS OF SOLID STEM IN COMMON WHEAT: III. CULM MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR RELATION TO STEM SOLIDNESS IN MONOSOMIC LINES OF THE VARIETY S-615

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b59-029 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 379-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ruby I. Larson ◽

M. D. MacDonald

Keyword(s):

Common Wheat ◽

Chinese Spring ◽

Monosomic Analysis ◽

Secondary Effects ◽

Stem Solidness ◽

Solid Stem ◽

Homoeologous Chromosomes

Most monosomics of the solid-stemmed variety of common wheat, S-61S, were shorter than normal. Many had thinner culms, but monosomics XIII and XVI had thicker culms. Although the effect of loss of homoeologous chromosomes on culm dimensions was generally similar in S-615 monosomics and Chinese Spring nullisomics, the most extreme member of each group was not always the same in the two varieties. The differences between solid stem in monosomics and normal lines of S-615 were due to loss of the chromosome affecting pith production and not to secondary effects caused by changes in culm dimensions. Nevertheless, within lines of genetically similar plants there was a small but consistent association between short culm and solidness, between thin culm at the tops of internodes I, III, and IV and hollowness, and between thin culm in the center and lower parts of internode I and solidness. This has a bearing on interpretation of data in monosomic analysis of solid stem.

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Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Tolerance to Triallate Applied Spring Preplant-Incorporated

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00026154 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 652-657 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Patrick M. McMullan ◽

John D. Nalewaja

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Cultural Factors ◽

Wild Oat ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Hard Red Spring Wheat ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Application Date ◽

Solid Stem ◽

Treated Layer

Research was conducted to determine environmental and cultural factors influencing triallate phytotoxicity to hard red spring wheat. Triallate injured ‘Alex’ wheat more than ‘Coteau’ but injury was not influenced by triallate application date. Wild oat control was greater when triallate was applied immediately before seeding compared to 12 d before seeding. Triallate tolerance in wheat did not relate to solid stem characteristic. Injury was highest when wheat was seeded in a 4-cm incorporated triallate layer and least when wheat was seeded below the treated layer. However, triallate injury to wheat was similar at both seeding depths within the 8-cm incorporated triallate layer. Triallate at 1.1 kg ai ha-1reduced wheat fresh weight approximately 33% with a soil at 8 C but over 84% with a soil at 24 C.

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