Electrical installation for lighting and beaconing of aerodromes. Maintenance of aeronautical ground lighting constant current series circuits

2003 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Constant Current ◽  
Current Series ◽  
Electrical Installation

scholarly journals Coupling Independent Operation in Wireless Power Transfer System without Ferrite Usage

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattapong Hatchavanich ◽  
Sumate Naetiladdanon ◽  
Anawach Sangswang ◽  
Mongkol Konghirun
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Wireless Power Transfer ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Operating Frequency ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Current Series ◽  
Power Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Primary Current

The power transfer efficiency and output power of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system are mainly affected by magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary coils. This paper presents a constant-current series-series compensated WPT system. Based on the bifurcation criteria, kcri and Lcri, the splitting zero phase angle (ZPA) frequencies is adopted as the operating frequency. The proposed system remains fully compensated even under coupling variations, and without ferrite. The current and voltage gains at the operating frequency can be estimated through the primary current and voltage. A phase-locked loop circuit is used to track the corresponding ZPA frequency due to the coil positioning variations. Experimental results have shown that the 1-kW of output power with the satisfied efficiency of 96%.

Audit of Electroconvulsive Treatment in two National Health Service Regions

1992 ◽  
Vol 160 (5) ◽  
pp. 621-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Pippard
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
National Health ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Electroconvulsive Treatment ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Current Series ◽  
Training And Supervision

The practice of ECT has been surveyed by visits to all 35 NHS hospitals and five private clinics where it is used in the North East Thames and East Anglian Regions, and observation of ECT administration in 29 NHS and two private clinics. Since 1981 there has been much improvement in the physical conditions in which ECT is given and in anaesthetic practice. Nursing is good or excellent in a majority. About half the clinics have the most effective Ectron constant-current series 5 apparatus; the rest have older models with which ‘missed’ fits and undertreatment are frequent. Stimulus-dosing is usually by habit rather than rational strategy, and routine instrument settings differ fourfold between clinics. Most hospitals have nominated consultants in charge of ECT, but few of these are closely involved and little has changed in the unsatisfactory training and supervision of those who give the treatment. The use of ECT has fallen by 55% in North East Thames Region since 1979, but has risen by 20% in the East Anglian Region. There are up to 12–fold differences in usage between districts.

Scanning tunneling microscopy of polymers: A status report

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 330-331
Author(s):  
P.E. Russell ◽  
I.H. Musselman
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Wide Range

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) has evolved rapidly in the past few years. Major developments have occurred in instrumentation, theory, and in a wide range of applications. In this paper, an overview of the application of STM and related techniques to polymers will be given, followed by a discussion of current research issues and prospects for future developments. The application of STM to polymers can be conveniently divided into the following subject areas: atomic scale imaging of uncoated polymer structures; topographic imaging and metrology of man-made polymer structures; and modification of polymer structures. Since many polymers are poor electrical conductors and hence unsuitable for use as a tunneling electrode, the related atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique which is capable of imaging both conductors and insulators has also been applied to polymers.The STM is well known for its high resolution capabilities in the x, y and z axes (Å in x andy and sub-Å in z). In addition to high resolution capabilities, the STM technique provides true three dimensional information in the constant current mode. In this mode, the STM tip is held at a fixed tunneling current (and a fixed bias voltage) and hence a fixed height above the sample surface while scanning across the sample surface.

Cerebellopontine Angle Surgery Assisted by Continuous Mapping of the Facial Nerve Via the Ultrasonic Aspirator

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Cenzato ◽  
Roberto Stefini ◽  
Francesco Zenga ◽  
Maurizio Piparo ◽  
Alberto Debernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Cerebellopontine Angle ◽  
Continuous Mapping ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
Vestibular Schwannomas ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Surgical Workflow ◽  
Ultrasonic Aspirator

Abstract Background Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) surgery carries the risk of lesioning the facial nerve. The goal of preserving the integrity of the facial nerve is usually pursued with intermittent electrical stimulation using a handheld probe that is alternated with the resection. We report our experience with continuous electrical stimulation delivered via the ultrasonic aspirator (UA) used for the resection of a series of vestibular schwannomas. Methods A total of 17 patients with vestibular schwannomas, operated on between 2010 and 2018, were included in this study. A constant-current stimulator was coupled to the UA used for the resection, delivering square-wave pulses throughout the resection. The muscle responses from upper and lower face muscles triggered by the electrical stimulation were displayed continuously on multichannel neurophysiologic equipment. The careful titration of the electrical stimulation delivered through the UA while tapering the current intensity with the progression of the resection was used as the main strategy. Results All operations were performed successfully, and facial nerve conduction was maintained in all patients except one, in whom a permanent lesion of the facial nerve followed a miscommunication to the neurosurgeon. Conclusion The coupling of the electrical stimulation to the UA provided the neurosurgeon with an efficient and cost-effective tool and allowed a safe resection. Positive responses were obtained from the facial muscles with low current intensity (lowest intensity: 0.1 mA). The availability of a resection tool paired with a stimulator allowed the surgeon to improve the surgical workflow because fewer interruptions were necessary to stimulate the facial nerve via a handheld probe.

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