scholarly journals Kinzelbach Annemarie Policing the Environment in Premodern Imperial Cities and Towns: A Preliminary Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Kinzelbach
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Holy Roman Empire ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Recent historiographical studies of the Holy Roman Empire reveal that policy focused on defining and redefining the relationship between governors and citizens, largely through negotiating practices. Historians have applied these discoveries in limited ways when discussing public health policies in German-speaking areas, ignoring questions of compliance, resistance, or enforcement. Some lacunae result from archival losses, but survivals enable us to fill many gaps. In this chapter, relevant premodern statutes are first identified. Secondly, textual analysis of manifold sources uncovers implicit associations (for example, parallels between dirt and prostitution), while highlighting explicit relationships between communal health and such general issues as religion, morality, and the common good. Negotiation practices are unveiled, for instance, in modifications to statutes and regulations. Thirdly, contemporary chronicles, diaries, accounts, council minutes and administrative documents are examined for information on implementation of laws and ordinances.

Paternalism, Autonomy, and the Common Good

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-109
Author(s):  
James Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Common

Public health policies are often accused of being paternalistic, or to show the ‘Nanny State’ in action. This chapter argues that complaints about paternalism in public health policy are, for a variety of reasons, much less convincing than is often thought. First, for conceptual reasons, it is difficult to specify what it would be for a policy to be paternalistic. Second, two of the elements that make paternalism problematic at an individual level—interference with liberty and lack of individual consent—are endemic to public policy contexts in general and so cannot be used to support the claim that paternalism in particular is wrong. The chapter concludes that instead of debating whether a given policy is paternalistic, it would be better to ask whether the infringements of liberty it contains are justifiable, without placing any weight on whether or not those infringements of liberty are paternalistic.

Virtue, Ambition, and the Balanced Constitution

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-154
Author(s):  
Sarah Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Civic Virtue ◽  
Holy Roman Empire ◽  
Imperial Authority ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
Carlo Sigonio ◽  
The Common ◽  
New Research

The turmoil in Europe in the early sixteenth century revealed some of the weaknesses of princely power and imperial authority; it was clear that the much-needed reform and rebalancing could not be enacted solely from above. This chapter focuses on works which called for the promotion of civic virtue and the strengthening of institutions, especially in a time of rapid social, economic, and political upheaval. In Venice, Gasparo Contarini set out an idealized model of mixed government while in the Holy Roman Empire magistrates and officials were encouraged to uphold the common good—often a common good shaped by Protestant thinking. However, the case of Miguel Servetus in Geneva sparked further discussion of the role of the magistrate in upholding religious truth and generated new arguments for toleration. Meanwhile, many writers looked to ancient Greece and Rome for inspiration and advice, and new research by men like Carlo Sigonio revealed that Rome’s political system had itself been affected by social and economic change. In England Sir Thomas Smith drew on some of this research to advocate a broadly based citizenry in which wealth, lineage, and merit were all seen as important qualifications for office-holding.

Associations and the Discourses of Peace, Common Weal, and Empire

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Holy Roman Empire ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Moral Significance ◽  
German Nation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Late Fifteenth ◽  
Almost All

Associations such as alliances and leagues were not merely functional tools. The rhetoric found in treaties and correspondence suggests that some members of associations perceived their participation as an activity freighted with political and moral significance. Almost all alliance and league foundation treaties and renewals contain appeals to clusters of ideas, centred on the concepts of divinely ordained peace, the common good of the community, and the Holy Roman Empire (conceptually linked, from the late fifteenth century, to the ‘German nation’). These discourses can only be found in this precise form in one other setting: the imperial diets and Empire-wide correspondence and legislation that they produced. This indicates that members of associations claimed to be involving themselves in the most significant and legitimate spheres of political activity in the Empire, even when their immediate objectives were modest and localized, or the legality of their alliances was challenged by other authorities.

scholarly journals Public health policies for the common interest: rethinking EU states’ incentives strategies when a pandemic reshuffles all interests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Del Llano ◽  
Jorge Mestre-Ferrandiz ◽  
Jaime Espin ◽  
Jordi Gol-Montserrat ◽  
Alicia del Llano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Common

Solidarity and the Common Good

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-65
Author(s):  
Bruce Jennings
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Social Epidemiology ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Philosophy Of Epidemiology ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
The Common ◽  
Critical Public Health ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter offers an account of individual rights and agency, and it considers both the liberal dimension and the communitarian dimension of public health ethics. It examines the relationship between social justice and social epidemiology and offers a particular interpretation of social justice as being crucially informed by a relational ethics of mutuality and solidarity. It provides a study premised on the hypothesis that relational theorizing and conceptualization developed in ecological epidemiology has its analogue in ethics. The chapter discusses how relational theorizing in both ethics and epidemiology can provide a promising pathway to a critical public health ethics. It considers the philosophy of epidemiology and the constitutive concepts guiding relational or social theorizing in the field.

Austria as a Region of German Culture: 1900–1938

1992 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Luft
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Holy Roman Empire ◽  
German Culture ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
History Of ◽  
Austrian Studies ◽  
The Relationship

This Essay Attempts to contribute to our understanding of the intellectual and cultural history of Central Europe by making explicit a variety of themes that haunt discourse about Austrian culture and by making some suggestions about periodizing the relationship between Austria and German culture. I originally developed these thoughts on Austria as a region of German culture for a conference in 1983 at the Center for Austrian Studies on regions and regionalism in Austria. Although the political institutions of Central Europe have undergone a revolution since then, the question of Austria's relationship to German culture still holds its importance for the historian-and for contemporary Austrians as well. The German culture I have in mind here is not thekleindeutschnational culture of Bismarck's Reich, but rather the realm that was once constituted by the German-speaking lands of the Holy Roman Empire. This geographical space in Central Europe suggests a more ideal realm of the spirit, for which language is our best point of reference and which corresponds to no merely temporal state.

scholarly journals An Ecological Study Assessing the Relationship between Public Health Policies and Severity of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Pasdar ◽  
Tiberiu A Pana ◽  
Kai D Ewers ◽  
Weronika A Szlachetka ◽  
Jesus A Perdomo-Lampignano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Blood Work: Managing Menstruation, Menopause and Gynaecological Health Conditions in the Workplace

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1951
Author(s):  
Katherine Sang ◽  
Jen Remnant ◽  
Thomas Calvard ◽  
Katriona Myhill
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Public Health Initiatives

The menstrual cycle remains neglected in explorations of public health, and entirely remiss in occupational health literature, despite being a problematic source of gendered inequalities at work. This paper proposes the new concept of blood work to explain the relationship between menstruation (and associated gynaecological health conditions) and employment for women and trans/non-binary people. We build on and extend health and organisational literature on managing bodies at work by arguing that those who experience menstruation face additional work or labour in the management of their own bodies through the menstrual cycle. We discuss how this additional labour replicates problematic elements that are identifiable in public health initiatives, in that it is individualised, requiring individual women and trans/non-binary people to navigate unsupportive workplaces. We present findings from an analysis of qualitative survey data that were completed by 627 participants working in higher education, revealing that employees’ blood work comprises distinct difficulties that are related to the management of painful, leaking bodies, access to facilities, stigma, and balancing workload. We suggest developing supportive workplaces and public health policies, which refocus the responsibility for accessible, equal workplaces that accommodate menstruating employees, and those with gynaecological health conditions.

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