Faculty Opinions recommendation of The role of GDNF/Ret signaling in ureteric bud cell fate and branching morphogenesis.

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Llimargas
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Branching Morphogenesis ◽  
Ureteric Bud

scholarly journals The Role of GDNF/Ret Signaling in Ureteric Bud Cell Fate and Branching Morphogenesis

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Shakya ◽  
Tomoko Watanabe ◽  
Frank Costantini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Branching Morphogenesis ◽  
Ureteric Bud

scholarly journals Role of Hyaluronan and CD44 in in Vitro Branching Morphogenesis of Ureteric Bud Cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Pohl ◽  
Hiroyuki Sakurai ◽  
Robert O. Stuart ◽  
Sanjay K. Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Branching Morphogenesis ◽  
Ureteric Bud

Update of extracellular matrix, its receptors, and cell adhesion molecules in mammalian nephrogenesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (2) ◽  
pp. F202-F215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yashpal S. Kanwar ◽  
Jun Wada ◽  
Sun Lin ◽  
Farhad R. Danesh ◽  
Sumant S. Chugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Branching Morphogenesis ◽  
Integrin Receptors ◽  
Ureteric Bud ◽  
Epithelial Phenotype ◽  
Distal Tubules

One of the hallmarks of mammalian nephrogenesis includes a mesenchymal-epithelial transition that is accomplished by intercalation of the ureteric bud, an epithelium-lined tubelike structure, into an undifferentiated mesenchyme, and the latter then undergoes an inductive transformation and differentiates into an epithelial phenotype. At the same time, the differentiating mesenchyme reciprocates by inducing branching morphogenesis of the ureteric bud, which forms a treelike structure with dichotomous iterations. These reciprocal inductive interactions lead to the development of a functioning nephron unit made up of a glomerulus and proximal and distal tubules. The inductive interactions and differentiation events are modulated by a number of transcription factors, protooncogenes, and growth factors and their receptors, which regulate the expression of target morphogenetic modulators including the ECM, integrin receptors, and cell adhesion molecules. These target macromolecules exhibit spatiotemporal and stage-specific developmental regulation in the metanephros. The ECM molecules expressed at the epithelial-mesenchymal interface are perhaps the most relevant and conducive to the paracrine-juxtacrine interactions in a scenario where the ligand is expressed in the mesenchyme while the receptor is located in the ureteric bud epithelium or vice versa. In addition, expression of the target ECM macromolecules is regulated by matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors to generate a concentration gradient at the interface to further propel epithelial-mesenchymal interactions so that nephrogenesis can proceed seamlessly. In this review, we discuss and update our current understanding of the role of the ECM and related macromolecules with respect to metanephric development.

scholarly journals Roles of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor and the met receptor in the early development of the metanephros.

1995 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Woolf ◽  
M Kolatsi-Joannou ◽  
P Hardman ◽  
E Andermarcher ◽  
C Moorby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth Factor ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Branching Morphogenesis ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
T Antigen ◽  
Ureteric Bud ◽  
Scatter Factor ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

Several lines of evidence suggest that hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF), a soluble protein secreted by embryo fibroblasts and several fibroblast lines, may elicit morphogenesis in adjacent epithelial cells. We investigated the role of HGF/SF and its membrane receptor, the product of the c-met protooncogene, in the early development of the metanephric kidney. At the inception of the mouse metanephros at embryonic day 11, HGF/SF was expressed in the mesenchyme, while met was expressed in both the ureteric bud and the mesenchyme, as assessed by reverse transcription PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. To further investigate the expression of met in renal mesenchyme, we isolated 13 conditionally immortal clonal cell lines from transgenic mice expressing a temperature-sensitive mutant of the SV-40 large T antigen. Five had the HGF/SF+/met+ phenotype and eight had the HGF/SF-/met+ phenotype. None had the HGF/SF+/met- nor the HGF/SF-/met- phenotypes. Thus the renal mesenchyme contains cells that express HGF/SF and met or met alone. When metanephric rudiments were grown in serum-free organ culture, anti-HGF/SF antibodies (a) inhibited the differentiation of metanephric mesenchymal cells into the epithelial precursors of the nephron; (b) increased cell death within the renal mesenchyme; and (c) perturbed branching morphogenesis of the ureteric bud. These data provide the first demonstration for coexpression of the HGF/SF and met genes in mesenchymal cells during embryonic development and also imply an autocrine and/or paracrine role for HGF/SF and met in the survival of the renal mesenchyme and in the mesenchymal-epithelial transition that occurs during nephrogenesis. They also confirm the postulated paracrine role of HGF/SF in the branching of the ureteric bud.

Centrosome Aurora A gradient ensures single polarity axis in C. elegans embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Kapoor ◽  
Sachin Kotak
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Axis Formation ◽  
Aurora A Kinase ◽  
Aurora A ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Cell Embryo ◽  
Polarity Establishment

Cellular asymmetries are vital for generating cell fate diversity during development and in stem cells. In the newly fertilized Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, centrosomes are responsible for polarity establishment, i.e. anterior–posterior body axis formation. The signal for polarity originates from the centrosomes and is transmitted to the cell cortex, where it disassembles the actomyosin network. This event leads to symmetry breaking and the establishment of distinct domains of evolutionarily conserved PAR proteins. However, the identity of an essential component that localizes to the centrosomes and promotes symmetry breaking was unknown. Recent work has uncovered that the loss of Aurora A kinase (AIR-1 in C. elegans and hereafter referred to as Aurora A) in the one-cell embryo disrupts stereotypical actomyosin-based cortical flows that occur at the time of polarity establishment. This misregulation of actomyosin flow dynamics results in the occurrence of two polarity axes. Notably, the role of Aurora A in ensuring a single polarity axis is independent of its well-established function in centrosome maturation. The mechanism by which Aurora A directs symmetry breaking is likely through direct regulation of Rho-dependent contractility. In this mini-review, we will discuss the unconventional role of Aurora A kinase in polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos and propose a refined model of centrosome-dependent symmetry breaking.

Acid ceramidase, a double-edged sword in cancer aggression: A minireview

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Shiphrah Vethakanraj ◽  
Niveditha Chandrasekaran ◽  
Ashok Kumar Sekar
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Acid Ceramidase ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Key Enzyme

: Acid ceramidase (AC), the key enzyme of the ceramide metabolic pathway hydrolyzes pro-apoptotic ceramide to sphingosine, which by the action of sphingosine-1-kinase is metabolized to mitogenic sphingosine-1-phosphate. The intracellular level of AC determines ceramide/sphingosine-1-phosphate rheostat which in turn decides the cell fate. The upregulated AC expression during cancerous condition acts as a “double-edged sword” by converting pro-apoptotic ceramide to anti-apoptotic sphingosine-1-phosphate, wherein on one end, the level of ceramide is decreased and on the other end, the level of sphingosine-1-phosphate is increased, thus altogether aggravating the cancer progression. In addition, cancer cells with upregulated AC expression exhibited increased cell proliferation, metastasis, chemoresistance, radioresistance and numerous strategies were developed in the past to effectively target the enzyme. Gene silencing and pharmacological inhibition of AC sensitized the resistant cells to chemo/radiotherapy thereby promoting cell death. The core objective of this review is to explore AC mediated tumour progression and the potential role of AC inhibitors in various cancer cell lines/models.

scholarly journals EBF1 is expressed in pericytes and contributes to pericyte cell commitment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Pagani ◽  
Elisa Tratta ◽  
Patrizia Dell’Era ◽  
Manuela Cominelli ◽  
Pietro Luigi Poliani
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Cell Maturation ◽  
Cell Commitment

AbstractEarly B-cell factor-1 (EBF1) is a transcription factor with an important role in cell lineage specification and commitment during the early stage of cell maturation. Originally described during B-cell maturation, EBF1 was subsequently identified as a crucial molecule for proper cell fate commitment of mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes, osteoblasts and muscle cells. In vessels, EBF1 expression and function have never been documented. Our data indicate that EBF1 is highly expressed in peri-endothelial cells in both tumor vessels and in physiological conditions. Immunohistochemistry, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis suggest that EBF1-expressing peri-endothelial cells represent bona fide pericytes and selectively express well-recognized markers employed in the identification of the pericyte phenotype (SMA, PDGFRβ, CD146, NG2). This observation was also confirmed in vitro in human placenta-derived pericytes and in human brain vascular pericytes (HBVP). Of note, in accord with the key role of EBF1 in the cell lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells, EBF1-silenced HBVP cells showed a significant reduction in PDGFRβ and CD146, but not CD90, a marker mostly associated with a prominent mesenchymal phenotype. Moreover, the expression levels of VEGF, angiopoietin-1, NG2 and TGF-β, cytokines produced by pericytes during angiogenesis and linked to their differentiation and activation, were also significantly reduced. Overall, the data suggest a functional role of EBF1 in the cell fate commitment toward the pericyte phenotype.

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