Faculty Opinions recommendation of Structure of acid-sensing ion channel 1 at 1.9 A resolution and low pH.

Mucopolysaccharides have been demonstrated biochemically in catecholamine-containing subcellular particles in different rat, cat and ox tissues. As catecholamine-containing granules seem to arise from the Golgi apparatus and some also from the axoplasmic reticulum we examined wether carbohydrate macromolecules could be detected in the small and large dense core vesicles and in structures related to them. To this purpose superior cervical ganglia and irises from rabbit and cat and coeliac ganglia and their axons from dog were subjected to the chromaffin reaction to show the distribution of catecholamine-containing granules. Some material was also embedded in glycolmethacrylate (GMA) and stained with phosphotungstic acid (PTA) at low pH for the detection of carbohydrate macromolecules.The chromaffin reaction in the perikarya reveals mainly large dense core vesicles, but in the axon hillock, the axons and the terminals, the small dense core vesicles are more prominent. In the axons the small granules are sometimes seen inside a reticular network (fig. 1).

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Myrsinane and related diterpenes from Euphorbia falcata with selective potassium ion channel activity

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0035-1565539 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 81 (16) ◽

Author(s):

A Vasas ◽

P Orvos ◽

L Tálosi ◽

P Forgo ◽

G Pinke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ion Channel ◽

Potassium Ion ◽

Channel Activity ◽

Potassium Ion Channel

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Mechanism of Human Plasminogen Activation by Streptokinase and Human Plasmin

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1654808 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 11 (01) ◽

pp. 085-093

Author(s):

W. F Blatt ◽

JL Gray ◽

H Jensen

Keyword(s):

Proteolytic Activity ◽

Low Ph ◽

Plasminogen Activation ◽

Sensitive Tool ◽

Human Plasminogen

SummaryA sensitive tool has been described for measuring fibrinolysis in reconstituted systems using thrombelastography. Activator mixtures with no appreciable proteolytic activity can similarly be tested in this system when the fibrinogen utilized has sufficient plasminogen present. Exposure of human plasminstreptokinase mixtures formed at pH 7.0 to acid conditions produced a striking loss of activator activity which could not be ascribed to low pH lability of the components, nor to plasmin action on the SK at pH 2.0. This is additional evidence for the hypothesis that human plasmin interacts with SK to form a complex capable of converting human and bovine plasminogen to plasmin.

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Ion channel alterations and epilepsy in mice and man

Neuropediatrics ◽

10.1055/s-2005-867952 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 36 (02) ◽

Author(s):

CM Becker ◽

J Brill ◽

K Becker

Keyword(s):

Ion Channel

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Influence of Polymer Charge, Temperature, and Surfactants on Surface Sizing of Liner and Greaseproof Paper With Hydrophobically Modified Starch

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj8.2.33 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 33-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ANNA JONHED ◽

LARS JÄRNSTRÖM

Keyword(s):

Phase Separation ◽

Contact Angles ◽

Low Ph ◽

Hydrophobically Modified ◽

Paper Sizing ◽

Surface Sizing ◽

Separation Temperature ◽

Hydrophobic Nature ◽

Sizing Agents ◽

Charge Temperature

The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of hydrophobically modified (HM) quaterna-ry ammonium starch ethers for paper sizing. These starches possess temperature-responsive properties; that is, gelation or phase separation occurs at a certain temperature upon cooling. This insolubility of the HM starches in water at room temperature improved their performance as sizing agents. The contact angles for water on sized liner were substantially larger than on unsized liner. When the application temperature was well above the critical phase-separation temperature, larger contact angles were obtained for liner independently of pH compared with those at the lower application temperature. Cobb60 values for liner decreased upon surface sizing, with a low pH and high application temperature giving lower water penetration. Contact angles on greaseproof paper decreased upon sur-face sizing as compared to unsized greaseproof paper, independently of pH and temperature. Greaseproof paper showed no great difference between unsized substrates and substrates sized with HM starch at different pH. This is probably due to the already hydrophobic nature of greaseproof paper. However, the Cobb60 values increased at low pH and low application temperature. Surfactants were added to investigate how they affect the sized surface. Addition of surfactant reduces the contact angles, in spite of indications of complex formation.

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Repeated Intraplantar Injection of Low-pH Saline Produce Mechanical Hyperalgesia in Rat

The Korean Journal of Pain ◽

10.3344/jkps.2004.17.2.113 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Young Cheol Woo

Keyword(s):

Low Ph ◽

Mechanical Hyperalgesia ◽

Intraplantar Injection

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Ion Channel Remodelling in Atrial Fibrillation

European Cardiology Review ◽

10.15420/ecr.2011.7.2.97 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 97 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Niels Voigt ◽

Dobromir Dobrev ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Ion Channel ◽

Antiarrhythmic Drugs ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Bleeding Complications ◽

Large Size ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and is associated with substantial cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with stroke being the most critical complication. Present drugs used for the therapy of AF (antiarrhythmics and anticoagulants) have major limitations, including incomplete efficacy, risks of life-threatening proarrhythmic events and bleeding complications. Non-pharmacological ablation procedures are efficient and apparently safe, but the very large size of the patient population allows ablation treatment of only a small number of patients. These limitations largely result from limited knowledge about the underlying mechanisms of AF and there is a hope that a better understanding of the molecular basis of AF may lead to the discovery of safer and more effective therapeutic targets. This article reviews the current knowledge about AF-related ion-channel remodelling and discusses how these alterations might affect the efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs.

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