scholarly journals Effect of N, P and K fertilisers and their interactions in a long-term experiment on winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2016 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Szilvia Surányi ◽  
Zoltán Izsáki
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
N Rates

The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of K, P and N supplies on the yield of winter barley in a long-term mineral fertilisation experiment with clearly distinct soil nutrient supply levels in order to develop fertilisation guidelines for winter barley growers. The experiment was set up in 1989 on a chernozem meadow soil calcareous in the deeper layers, applying all possible combinations of 4 levels each of N, P and K fertiliser, giving a total of 64 treatments. The results of analyses performed in 2011 and 2012 can be summarised as follows: In 2011, when rainfall supplies were deficient in the shooting phase, improved K supplies (324 mg kg-1 AL-K2O) increased the grain yield, but in 2012, when rainfall supplies were more evenly distributed, K supply levels in the range 210–335 mg kg-1 AL-K2O had no significant influence on the yield of winter barley. An analysis of the P treatments revealed that, compared to the 119–133 mg kg-1 AL-P2O5 level (P0), better P supplies (186–251 mg kg-1) led to a significant increase in the grain yield. In both years rising N rates significantly increased the yield up to an annual N rate of 160 kg ha-1.       4. A K×N interaction could only be detected in the nutrient supplies of winter barley in 2011. The yield-increasing effect of N fertiliser was more    pronounced at better K supply levels, while K fertiliser led to higher yields in the case of better N supplies.

scholarly journals Evolutionary rescue of a green alga kept in the dark

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20120823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Bell
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Evolutionary Rescue ◽  
Extreme Phenotypes ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Sexual Histories ◽  
Dark Conditions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Asexual Populations

Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyta) can grow as a heterotroph on medium supplemented with acetate in the dark. A long-term experiment to investigate adaptation to dark conditions was set up with hundreds of replicate lines. Growth was initially slow, and most lines became extinct when transferred every few weeks. Some lines survived through the expansion of lineages derived from cells with extreme phenotypes and exhibited a U-shaped curve of collapse and recovery. Two short-term experiments were set up to evaluate the effect of sex on the frequency of ‘evolutionary rescue’ by deriving replicate lines from ancestral populations with contrasting sexual histories that had been cultured in the light for hundreds of generations. When transferred to dark conditions of growth, lines derived from obligately sexual populations survived more often than lines derived from facultatively sexual or asexual populations. This reflected the higher initial frequency of cells able to grow in the dark, due to greater genetic diversity supported by sexual fusion and recombination. The greater probability of evolutionary rescue suggests a general reason for the prevalence of sexual species.

Maize grain yield responses to plant height variability resulting from crop rotation and tillage system in a long-term experiment

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Boomsma ◽  
Judith B. Santini ◽  
Terry D. West ◽  
Jason C. Brewer ◽  
Lauren M. McIntyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Yield Responses

Long / Short Term Experimental Study on Chloride Penetration in Cracked Concrete

2009 ◽  
Vol 417-418 ◽  
pp. 765-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
In Seok Yoon ◽  
Erik Schlangen
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Crack Healing ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cracked Concrete ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Short Term Experiment ◽  
Penetration Behaviour

This study is focused on examining the effect of cracks on chloride penetration into concrete. In order to get reliable results, short-term and long term experiments were set up and chloride penetration behaviour through cracks was examined. It was noticed that chloride penetration through cracks tends to decrease with time. One of the explanations is crack-healing. Especially, this trend was obvious in concrete samples with larger crack width. However, measuring the border between chloride contaminated zone and healthy zone was clear in concrete of short-term experiment, while it was ambiguous in long term experiment.

The effect of leys on soil fertility. II. The effect of undersowing with grasses and legumes on the yield of a barley nurse crop

1958 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Jarvis ◽  
F. Hanley ◽  
W. J. Ridgman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

1. Data from a long-term experiment providing information on the effects on barley of undersowing the crop with various common species of grasses and legumes are discussed.2. There is no evidence that the yield of grain, yield of straw, 1000 grain weight or the nitrogen content of the grain was affected in any way by undersowing with any of these species.

scholarly journals Correlations of the growth indexes and yield of winter wheat in a long-term experiment

2014 ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Enikő Vári
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
The Third ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Set Up

The experiments were carried out at the Látókép experimental station of the Centre for Agricultural Sciences of University of Debrecen on chernozem soil in a long term winter wheat experiment. As forecrop rotation, we set up two models: a biculture (wheat and corn) and a triculture (pea, wheat and corn). We applied three levels of nutrients during the fertilization process (control, N50P35K40 and N150P105K120). The third variable studied was irrigation in case of which we tested non-irrigated variables (Ö1) and irrigation variables complemented up to the optimum (Ö3). The effect of pre-crops, irrigation and nutrient-supply levels on some growth-parameters (LAI, LAD), weight of dry matter, just as SPADvalues and yield amounts of winter wheat has been investigated in this experiment. We tried to find out the extent of relationship between the different parameters, and we used the correlation analysis. The correlation analyses have confirmed that all of the investigated parameters had almost in all cases close positive correlation to the yield amount. These results have confirmed that the leaf area, the leaf duration, the SPADvalues, the fertilization and the forecrop have altogether resulted in the production of maximum grain yields.

scholarly journals The role of Debrecen maize hybrids in competitive production

2006 ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Barnabás Forgács
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Average Precipitation ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Set Up

I examined the effects of plant density and fertilisation on the yield of the maize hybrid Debreceni 377 SC, developed by the Agrárgazdaság Ltd., using the 3 year data sequence of a long term experiment set up at the Látókép experimental station of DU Center for Agricultural Sciences in years with average precipitation supply.Based on the evaluation of my research results, I found that the application of higher plant densities was more favourable in years with average or higher than average precipitation supply. During the examination of fertilisation effects, it was verified that surplus yield was realised in most cases where smaller fertilisation dosage, 120 kg per hectare active substance was applied.

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