Distribuição funcional da renda e crescimento econômico no Brasil/  Functional distribution of income and economic growth in Brazil

Using a sample of seventy-seven countries, this paper focuses on marginal tax rates and the income thresholds at which they apply to examine how the tax changes of the 1980s and 1990s have influenced economic growth, the distribution of income, and the share of taxes paid by various income groups. Many countries substantially reduced their highest marginal rates during the 1985-1995 period. The findings indicate that countries that reduced their highest marginal rates grew more rapidly than those that maintained high marginal rates. At the same time, the income distribution in several of the tax cutting countries became more unequal while there was little change or even a reduction in income inequality in most countries that maintained high marginal rates. Finally, the evidence suggests that there was a shift in the payment of the personal income tax away from those with low and middle incomes and toward those with the highest incomes.

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Quantitative Aspects of the Economic Growth of Nations: VIII. Distribution of Income by Size

Economic Development and Cultural Change ◽

10.1086/450006 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 11 (2, Part 2) ◽

pp. 1-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 256

Author(s):

Simon Kuznets

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Distribution Of Income

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Labor shares and inequality: insights from Italian economic history, 1895–19701

European Review of Economic History ◽

10.1093/ereh/heaa010 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Giacomo Gabbuti

Keyword(s):

Income Distribution ◽

Economic History ◽

Italian History ◽

The Past ◽

Self Employment ◽

Long Run ◽

Short Run ◽

Functional Distribution ◽

Distribution Of Income

Abstract This article develops theoretical and practical motivations for studying the functional distribution of income in the past. Italy is adopted as a case study, because of the availability of long-run estimates on personal inequality and of the long-lasting incidence of self-employment. New labor shares for 1895–1970 show Italian workers accruing a low share of income until 1945; by the end of the 1950s, they rapidly converged to the European average. Italian history shows that functional income distribution deepens our understanding of long- and short-run distributional trends and makes a compelling case for approaching inequality by combining diverse sources and methodologies.

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Economic Growth, Income Distribution, and Social Exclusion in Turkey

Europe's Income, Wealth, Consumption, and Inequality ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197545706.003.0008 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 268-299

Author(s):

Anıl Duman ◽

Alper Duman

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

European Union ◽

Income Distribution ◽

Social Exclusion ◽

Social Inclusion ◽

The Past ◽

Political Cycles ◽

Institutional Convergence ◽

Distribution Of Income

This chapter examines the degree of income and institutional convergence between Turkey and European Union (EU) as well as trends in inequality and poverty by taking a long-term perspective as changes in polices an institutions impact on economic and social outcomes, often with considerable lags. The authors’ findings reveal that Turkey has successfully transformed its inward-looking and largely agricultural economy in the past 35 years into an export-oriented and urban-based economy. The transformation has been achieved mostly in periods of dramatic reform embedded in business and political cycles. Nevertheless, in the most recent era, there have been significant setbacks for certain groups in terms of regulatory environment, equality of opportunity, and access to markets and resources. Although there has been progress in the overall distribution of income and other aspects of social inclusion, convergence to EU standards is not easy to observe in these indicators.

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Wachstum und Verteilung

Niederösterreich im 19. Jahrhundert, Band 1: Herrschaft und Wirtschaft. Eine Regionalgeschichte sozialer Macht ◽

10.52035/noil.2021.19jh01.24 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 559-577

Author(s):

Michael Pammer

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Turn Of The Century ◽

Income Growth ◽

Income Differentials ◽

Modern Economic Growth ◽

Or Groups ◽

Modern Economic ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

Stages Of Economic Development ◽

Distribution Of Income

Income Growth and Distribution. This chapter describes economic growth and the distribution of income and wealth. Data on income are available from the last years of the 19th century onwards, whereas data on wealth are available for the entire century. Of all the Austrian lands, Lower Austria had the highest productivity, the earliest shift from agriculture to other sectors, and the largest wealth. It is a prime example of regions where the income distribution tends to widen from the beginnings of modern economic growth onwards. From the turn of the century on, however, the distribution tends to narrow again. The main reason for these changes lies in the differences in distribution structures between agriculture and the other sectors. Changes in income differentials between branches, or groups in the vertical order of branches, have less impact. The same pattern (growing inequality when a region is more developed) is also visible in synchronous comparisons between regions in different stages of economic development.

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