scholarly journals Topographical and geological maps of Hall Land, North Greenland. Description of a computer- supported photogrammetrical research programme for production of new maps, and the Lower Palaeozoic and surficial geology

1987 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 1-88
Author(s):  
P.R Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Surficial Geology ◽  
The North ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Platform Carbonates ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
North Greenland

Topographical and geological map sheets covering the northern part of Hall Land (81-82°N) are presented – an area of about 3000 km2. The maps are the products of a research programme in which newly developed photogrammetric techniques have been used in the interpretation and compilation of the topography and the geology (both solid and surficial). The topographical map has been constructed with a minimum of geodetic ground control. The topographic contours have been calculated from a digital elevation model using computer programmes, and automatically plotted out. The geological map has been hand-drawn from 74 manuscript sheets compiled from aerial photograph models on second-order analog stereo-plotting instruments with computer facilities. The maps, the photogrammetric programme and the solid and surficial geology are described in seven chapters. The first two provide an introductory background that explains the motivation for the research, summarises the history of cartographic, geodetic and geologic work and provides a status of research at the start of the programme. The third chapter discusses the various aspects of the photogrammetric programme, instrumentation and the on-line computer facilities utilised, and is followed by a chapter dealing with compilation method, map presentation and assessment of cartographic accuracy compared to previous maps and modern geodetic ground data. The next chapter describes the topography and geomorphology and relates the three main physiographic provinces to the solid and surficial geology. The penultimate chapter outlines the stratigraphy and structure of the Upper Ordovician-Silurian (Llandovery-Pridoli) section through the E-W trending Franklinian basin. In Ordovician-earliest Silurian time, the map area was part of the carbonate platform; in the Llandovery a major shift southwards of the deep-water basin occurred. The Silurian succession displays a regional facies change from platform carbonates in the south, through a major reef belt on the shelf and upper slope to, in the north, clastic turbidites of the lower slope and trough. Facies transitions and interdigitation of shelf-slope-trough lithologies are complex. The northern part of the map exposes the autochthonous margin of the mid-Palaeozoic North Greenland fold belt characterised by E-W folds. The regional structure is an asymmetric synclinorium; a decollement zone probably occurs in the shale sequence that overlies the Lower Silurian carbonate platform. The final chapter describes eight groups of Quaternary deposits and features: moraine, fluviatile-glaciofluvial, marine, lacustrine, colluvial, solifluction, aeolian and periglacial. Hall Land was formerly entirely ice covered, and deposits of several ice advances are preserved; six major marginal moraine systems are defined. Marine deposits are prominent and terrace levels and raised shorelines are well preserved; the Holocene marine limit is at least 125 m above present sea level. Major events are placed within a Pleistocene-Holocene chronostratigraphic framework. Comments on place names are given in an appendix.

scholarly journals Aspects of Franklinian shelf, slope and trough evolution and stratigraphy in North Greenland

1987 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 41-58
Author(s):  
F Surlyk ◽  
J.R Ineson
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Outer Shelf ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Late Cambrian ◽  
Shelf Slope ◽  
Platform Margin ◽  
Platform Carbonates ◽  
Early Palaeozoic ◽  
East West ◽  
North Greenland

The Early Palaeozoic Franklinian basin of North Greenland was initiated in early Cambrian times with the onset of siliciclastic and mixed carbonate shelf deposition on a substratum of Proterozoic sediments and Precambrian crystalline basement. The basin rapidly differentiated into shelf, slope, and trough environments. The boundary between these major depositional regimes follows major roughly east-west trending lineaments. The inner-outer shelf transition fluetuated widely in position and was controlled by the interplay between sea-level changes and periodic northwards downwarping. In Ordovician-Silurian times the margin of the carbonate platform migrated northwards to coincide with the shelf-slope break and had a steep scarp configuration with an abrupt transition to the shales and turbidites of the deep-water basin. In this paper we pay special attention to the initial basin sequence (Skagen Group), the collapsed and broken platform carbonates of the Lower Cambrian Portfjeld Formation, the Middle - Late Cambrian inner-outer shelf transition and to the nature of the Silurian platform margin scarp.

scholarly journals The Sirius Passet Fauna, an Early Cambrian Lagerstätte from North Greenland

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 233-233
Author(s):  
John S. Peel ◽  
Simon Conway Morris ◽  
Jon R. Ineson
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Burgess Shale ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Platform Carbonates ◽  
North Greenland

The Sirius Passet Fauna of North Greenland is one of the oldest Cambrian lagerstätten from the North American continent. It is known from a single locality in Peary Land (83°N, 40°W), on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, where outer shelf mudstones from the lower part of the Buen Formation (Early Cambrian) yield a rich assemblage of mainly poorly skeletised organisms with preserved soft parts. The steeply-dipping fossiliferous mudstones occur in close proximity to horizontally-bedded platform carbonates of the underlying Portfjeld Formation (Early Cambrian) in a structurally complex terrane. The boundary between the fossiliferous mudstones and the platform carbonates apparently defines the original northern margin of the carbonate platform and is not, as previously suggested, a structural feature, although some minor tectonic modification can not be excluded. Thus, the fossiliferous mudstones were apparently deposited in a transitional slope setting basinward of the shelf edge.As currently known, the Sirius Passet Fauna comprises about 40 species, based on a collection of almost 5,000 slabs collected during brief visits to the isolated locality in 1989 and 1991. Arthropods dominate, with bivalved bradoriids and the trilobite Buenellus higginsi Blaker, 1988 being the numerically most abundant taxa. Weakly skeletised Naraoia-like and Sidneyia-like arthropods often preserve limbs and gills, as do bivalved arthropods similar to Waptia. Choia is the most common of several sponges. Worms include both priapulids and polychaetes, with a large palaeoscolecidan being conspicuous.Fully articulated specimens of halkieriid worms, clad in an armour of hundreds of individual sclerites, are most notable amongst several problematic taxa. Rare specimens of possible onychophorans are also present, while brachiopods, hyoliths and other shelly fossils are rare or absent.The Sirius Passet Fauna seems to show little taxonomic similarity to the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of western Canada or the Chengjiang Fauna from the Lower Cambrian of China at the generic level. Together with the latter fauna, however, it confirms both the general picture of Cambrian life presented by the Burgess Shale, and the existence of this great diversity of weakly skeletised arthropods already in the Early Cambrian.

scholarly journals Conodonts from the Upper Ordovician – Lower Silurian carbonate platform of North Greenland

1990 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 1-151
Author(s):  
H.A Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Lower Silurian ◽  
The North ◽  
Single Genus ◽  
Informal Groups ◽  
North Greenland

Samples from Upper Ordovician and Lower Silurian strata of the North Greenland carbonate platform have yielded approximately 16 500 identifiable conodont elements referable to 25 multi-element genera and 71 species and subspecies. A single genus, Pseudobelodella and 17 species and subspecies are new. In addition, 8 informal groups of indeterminate species of Oulodus are described. The Upper Ordovician conodont species can be referred to 'Fauna 12' of the American Midcontinent Province where the presence of Rhipodognathus symmetrius in the late Richmondian is typical of shallow water deposits. The Ordovician-Silurian boundary is difficult to place in this study using conodonts. New conodont zonations are proposed for Lower Silurian shelf and slope biofacies; two new early Llandovery conodont zones are erected in the slope biofacies, the Aspelundia expansa Biozone (?earliest Rhuddanian to early Aeronian) and the Aspelundia fluegeli Biozone (early Aeronian to early Telychian). The Pterospathodus celloni Biozone is shown to be particularly valuable in the correlation of strata of late Llandovery age throughout North Greenland.

Thermal maturation of the Lower Palaeozoic strata of northern Greenland from conodont colour alteration index (CAI) data: implications for burial history and hydrocarbon exploration

1994 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Armstrong ◽  
M. P. Smith ◽  
R. J. Aldridge ◽  
S. J. Tull
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽  
Thermal Maturity ◽  
Burial History ◽  
Thermal Maturation ◽  
The North ◽  
Conodont Colour Alteration Index ◽  
Lower Palaeozoic ◽  
Colour Alteration ◽  
North Greenland

AbstractConodont colour alteration data for the Lower Palaeozoic strata of the North Greenland carbonate platform indicate a pattern of increased thermal maturity northwards within the Franklinian Basin. There is little variation in values through the Canadian–Llandovery (Lower Ordovician–Lower Silurian) interval at any given locality. A simplified thermal model for the platform suggests that the predominant control of conodont colour alteration and thermal maturation was maximum depth of burial, which occurred during the mid- to late Silurian. A preliminary integrated scheme for conodont and organic thermal maturity indicators can be compiled from the data now available from North Greenland.

scholarly journals Hydrocarbon source rock sampling in Peary Land 1980

1981 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
F Rolle
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Basin ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
The South ◽  
Hydrocarbon Source Rock ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Palaeozoic ◽  
North Greenland ◽  
Land Region

The Peary Land region in North Greenland (fig. 31) contains a sequence of Lower Palaeozoic sediments which is probably more than 4 km thick (Dawes, 1976; Christie & Peel, 1977; Hurst, 1979; Christie & Ineson, 1979; Hurst & Surlyk, 1980; Ineson & Peel, 1980; Surlyk, Hurst & Bjerreskov, 1980). From Early Cambrian to Wenlock the area was divided into a northern turbidite trough and a southern, mainly carbonate platform (fig. 32). The platform seems to have undergone several phases of backstepping to the south, accompanied by expansion of the turbidite basin (fig. 32) (Surlyk et al., 1980). The region was affected by an orogeny of assumed Devonian - early Carboniferous age (Dawes, 1976). Deformation is most intense in northern Johannes V. Jensen Land (fig. 31), where an amphibolite facies is attained along the north eoast (Dawes & Soper, 1973) and decreases southwards, leaving the platform earbonates virtually undeformed. A separate, strongly block-faulted sedimentary basin, the Wandel Sea Basin is present in eastern Peary Land and farther to the south-east (Dawes & Soper, 1973; Håkansson, 1979). It eontains a sequenee of Upper Palaeozoie carbonates and Upper Palaeozoic - Mesozoic mainly coarse clastics more than 3 km thick.

scholarly journals Lower Palaeozoic Franklinian Basin of North Greenland

1991 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 71-139
Author(s):  
A.K Higgins ◽  
J.R Ineson ◽  
J.S Peel ◽  
F Surlyk ◽  
M Sønderholm
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Early Carboniferous ◽  
Normal Faults ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Trough ◽  
Lower Palaeozoic ◽  
Orogenic Uplift ◽  
North Greenland

The Franklinian Basin extends from the Canadian Arctic Islands to eastern North Greenland, a distance of approximately 2000 km. In the North Greenland segment about 8 km of Lower Palaeozoic strata are well exposed and permit the recognition of 7 stages in the evolution of the basin. With the exception of the first stage of basin initiation, which occurred dose to the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary, each stage is differentiated into a southern shelf and slope, and a northern deep-water trough. The position of the boundary between the shelf and trough was probably controlled by deep seated normal faults and, with time, the basin expanded southwards leading to a final foundering of the shelf areas during the Silurian. The 7 stages in the evolution of the Franklinian Basin in North Greenland are: 1, Late Proterozoic? - Early Cambrian shelf (basin initiation); 2, Early Cambrian carbonate platform and incipient trough; 3, Early Cambrian siliciclastic shelf and turbidite trough; 4, Late Early Cambrian - Middle Ordovician carbonate shelf and starved trough; 5, Middle Ordovician - Early Silurian aggradational carbonate platform, starved slope and trough; 6, Early Silurian ramp and rimmed shelf, and turbidite trough; 7, Early - Late Silurian drowning of the platform. Basin evolution and sedimentation patterns in the eastem part of the Franklinian Basin were strongly influenced by the dosure of the lapetus Ocean and Caledonian orogenic uplift in eastern North Greenland. The Franklinian Basin in North Greenland was finally closed in Devonian - Early Carboniferous times, resulting in strong deformation of the northern part of the Franklinian trough sequence during the Ellesmerian Orogeny.

scholarly journals The Silurian turbidite sequence of the Peary Land Group between Newman Bugt and Victoria Fjord, western North Greenland

1985 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 47-67
Author(s):  
P.-H Larsen ◽  
J.C Escher
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Regional Deformation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Platform Carbonates ◽  
Basin Margin ◽  
North Greenland

Several lithological units of the Silurian Peary Land Group show a remarkable continuity along the E-W trending basin axis, but pronounced lateral facies changes occur N-S across the basin. An approximately 4000 m thick sequence of turbidites to the north in the deep-water basin represents the time equivalent of about 1065 m of turbidites, slope sediments and platform carbonates at the basin margin to the south. Ellesmerian regional deformation affected the northern part of the area showing a progressive increase of deformation of the deep-water sequence from south to north. The general strnctural pattern suggests a lithological anisotrophy within the upper part of the crnst with a buried carbonate shelf to the south bounded by an escarpment towards a deep silicic1astic basin to the north. The difference in total thickness of the Llandovery to Lower Ludlow sedimentary sequence between the south and north supports this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Upper Ordovician and Silurian carbonate shelf stratigraphy, facies and evolution, eastern North Greenland

1984 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 1-73
Author(s):  
J.M Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Carbonate Production ◽  
Lower Silurian ◽  
The North ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Units ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
North Greenland

A new lithostratigraphic scheme is erected for the uppermost Ordovician and lower Silurian shelf carbonate rocks of Peary Land and Kronprins Christian Land, eastern North Greenland. All carbonate rocks were deposited on a fairly stable shelf which was bordered to the north and east by deep-water basins. The shelf foundered in the latest LIandoverian, terminating carbonate production. Five formations and two members are defined and extend from the uppermost Ordovician (Cincinnatian) to the uppermost LIandoverian, or possibly lowermost Wenlock in the Silurian. Lithostratigraphic units include: Turesø Formation (new) composed of alternating light and dark grey peritidal to shallow subtidal laminated or massive dolomites, cryptalgal laminites and fenestral lime mudstones – uppermost Ordovician (Richmondian, Cincinnatian) to Lower or Middle Llandoverian; Ymers Gletscher Formation (new) composed of light grey peritidal lime mudstones, fenestral lime mudstones and cryptalgal laminites 0150 Lower to Middle Llandoverian; Odins Fjord Formation (new) composed of shallow to deep subtidal dark lime mudstones, wackestones and commonly floatstone and rudstone biostromes – Middle (possibly Lower) to Upper Llandoverian; Melville Land Member (new) composed of light grey peritidal lime mudstones, fenestral lime mudstones and cryptalgal laminites – Middle (possibly Lower) Llandoverian; Bure lskappe Member (new) composed of drowned shelf, dark grey to black laminated lime mudstone with terrigenous mudstone interbeds – Upper Llandoverian; Samuelsen Høj Formation (new) composed of light grey to white reef limestones – uppermost Llandoverian; Harefjeld Formation (new), a faulted, folded and cleaved black lime and terrigenous mudstone unit in eastern Kronprins Christian Land – Ordovician to Silurian (Llandoverian).

Carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation in Washington Land, western North Greenland

1998 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Sven Monrad Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lower Silurian ◽  
Field Season ◽  
Platform Carbonates ◽  
Research Councils ◽  
North Greenland

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Monrad Jensen, S. (1998). Carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb-Ag mineralisation in Washington Land, western North Greenland. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 180, 67-72. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v180.5088 _______________ The multidisciplinary research project ‘Resources of the sedimentary basins of North and East Greenland’ was initiated in 1995 with financial support from the Danish Research Councils (Stemmerik et al. 1996). In 1997, North Greenland field studies under this project were carried out by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) in Washington Land. A two-week field season included sedimentological and petroleum geology-related studies, and reconnaissance exploration for economic mineral occurrences. Washington Land is made up of Cambrian – Lower Silurian carbonate platform and Lower Silurian reef belt successions of the Franklinian Basin. In northern Canada, platform carbonates of the Franklinian Basin host a major producing Zn-Pb deposit (Polaris) and several other sulphide occurrences (Kerr 1977; Gibbins 1991). The platform succession in North Greenland has received less attention from an exploration point of view, and to date only a few, scattered carbonate-hosted sulphide occurrences have been discovered (Jakobsen & Steenfelt 1985; von Guttenberg & van der Stijl 1993; Lind et al. 1994). One sulphide occurrence was known in Washington Land prior to the 1997 field work (Norford 1972; Lind et al. 1994).

scholarly journals The North Greenland fold belt between central Johannes V Jensen Land and eastern Nansen Land

1981 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
A.K Higgins ◽  
J.D Friderichsen ◽  
N.J Soper
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
Fold Belt ◽  
The West ◽  
Eastern Margin ◽  
The North ◽  
Thrust Zone ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Lower Palaeozoic ◽  
North Greenland

The part of the North Greenland fold belt mapped in 1980 includes Johannes V. Jensen Land west of Polkorridoren, the group of large islands to the west, and the eastern margin of Nansen Land (Map 2). The rocks forming the fold belt are mainly Lower Palaeozoic turbiditic sediments, deposited in an E-W trending trough which is an extension of the Hazen trough of northern Ellesmere Island, Canada. Observations on the stratigraphy, structure and metamorphism of the fold belt are given in this report. Brief descriptions of the E-W trending Harder Fjord fault zone, the Kap Cannon thrust zone, and important swarms of basic dykes are also included. A geological map covering the parts of the North Greenland fold belt mapped in both 1979 and 1980 is found in the back of this report (Map 2), and indudes all the place names mentioned in the text.

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