scholarly journals Comparison of Bray Curtis and Nei’s Genetic Distance on Mantel Test for Chicken Diversity Data

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Hasan ONDER ◽  
Levent MERCAN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

scholarly journals Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) deaneorum: a new species in the albitarsis complex (Diptera: culicidae)

1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Goreti Rosa-Freitas
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Fourth Instar Larva ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) deaneorum sp. n. is described from specimens collected in Guajará-Mirim, Rondônia state and Rio Branco, Acre state, Brazil, on human and animal baits, inside dwellings and from the progenies of engorged females. A detailed description of the shape of egg, external appearance of adult female and male, genitalias, female cibarial armature and complete chaetotaxy of pupa and larva show that it can be distinguished from Anopheles albitarsis from the type-locality and other areas by the paler general external appearance of the adult, the posterolateral tufts of scales, on the female abdominal terga and the branching of the outer anterior clypeal seta (3-C) of the fourth instar larva (as shown in illustrations). If species can also be distinguished from An. albitarsis from the type locality by the allele frequencies at 11 enzymic loci as represented by Nei's Genetic Distance.

scholarly journals Genetic studies revealed differences between European and North American populations of Calypogeia azurea

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Buczkowska ◽  
Alina Bączkiewicz ◽  
Patrycja Gonera
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
North America ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Oil Bodies ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Abstract Calypogeia azurea, a widespread, subboreal-montane liverwort species, is one of a few representatives of the Calypogeia genus that are characterized by the occurrence of blue oil bodies. The aim of the study was to investigate the genetic variation and population structure of C. azurea originating from different parts of its distribution range (Europe and North America). Plants of C. azurea were compared with C. peruviana, another Calypogeia species with blue oil bodies. In general, 339 gametophytes from 15 populations of C. azurea were examined. Total gene diversity (HT) estimated on the basis of nine isozyme loci of C. azurea at the species level was 0.201. The mean Nei’s genetic distance between European populations was equal to 0.083, whereas the mean genetic distance between populations originating from Europe and North America was 0.413. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 69% of C. azurea genetic variation was distributed among regions (Europe and North America), 15% - among populations within regions, and 16% - within populations. Our study revealed that C. azurea showed genetic diversity within its geographic distribution. All examined samples classified as C. azurea differed in respect of isozyme patterns from C. peruviana.

Confirmation of a New Species of Small Dasyurid Marsupial by Electrophoretic Analysis of Enzymes and Proteins

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 743 ◽  
Author(s):  
DW Cooper ◽  
A Woolley
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Early Pliocene ◽  
Antechinus Stuartii ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Eight species of dasyurid marsupials have been typed for the electrophoretic mobility of 18 of their enzymes and proteins. The species were the Ningbing antechinus (Pseudantechinus sp.), Pseudantechinus macdonnellensis (formerly Antechinus macdonnellensis), Parantechinus apicalis (formerly Antechinus apicalis), Parantechinus bilarni (formerly Antechinus bilarni), Antechinus stuartii, Dasykaluta rosamondae (formerly Antechinus rosamondae), Dasycercus cristicauda and Planigale maculata. The results show that the Ningbing antechinus is a probable new species. The data suggest that its nearest relative is Dasycercus cristicauda. Analysis of the results by calculation of a modified x2 and an approximation to Nei's genetic distance indicates that all species have been the product of one radiation, possibly in the late Miocene or early Pliocene. Two races of P. macdonnellensis probably exist, separable by their transferrin types.

scholarly journals Population structure of the banana weevil, an introduced pest in the Canary Islands, studied by RAPD analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Magaña ◽  
B. Beroiz ◽  
P. Hernández-Crespo ◽  
M. Montes de Oca ◽  
A. Carnero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Banana Weevil ◽  
La Palma ◽  
La Gomera ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

AbstractThe banana weevil (BW), Cosmopolites sordidus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is one of the most important insect pests of bananas and plantains. The mobility and the origin of BW infestations at the Canary Islands (Tenerife, La Gomera and La Palma) have been analysed using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) as molecular markers. Populations from Costa Rica, Colombia, Uganda and Madeira were also included for comparison. One hundred and fifteen reproducible bands from eight primers were obtained. The level of polymorphism in the populations from the Canary Islands (40–62%) was in the range of those found in other populations. Nei's genetic distances, pair-wise fixation index (FST) values indicate that the closest populations are Tenerife populations among themselves (Nei's genetic distance=0.054–0.100; FST=0.091–0.157) and Costa Rica and Colombia populations (Nei's genetic distance=0.049; FST=0.113). Our results indicate the existence of BW local biotypes with limited gene flow and affected by genetic drift. These results are compatible with a unique event of colonization at Tenerife; whereas, the outbreaks in La Gomera and La Palma may come from independent introductions. The Madeira population is phylogenetically and geographically closer to the Canary Islands populations, suggesting that it is the most likely source of the insects introduced in the Canary Islands.

Population Diversity of Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki) (Termitidae, Macrotermitinae) from Different Geographic Locations in Anhui Province, China

Sociobiology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Qiu Yang ◽  
Long Jun Pu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Zhong Wang ◽  
Zheng Ping Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Odontotermes Formosanus ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Genetic differentiation, genetic exchange, and influence of natural geographic barrier on the genetic structure of 20 geo-populations of Odontotermes formosanus sampled from different regions in Anhui province, China were detected using ISSR. Seventy-nine polymorphic loci were detected with nine ISSR primers, and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 87.78%. The average number of alleles per locus was 1.8778 ± 0.3294, and the effective number of alleles was 1.4741 ± 0.3438. The Nei′s gene diversity and Shannon information index were 0.2832 ± 0.1696 and 0.4307 ± 0.2274, respectively. All the populations were divided into two groups through UPGMA clustering analysis based on Nei’s genetic distance. One group comprised geo-populations A, C, and J, and the other group consisted of the remaining clusters. Mantel test results revealed no significant correlation between genetic similarity and geographical distance, as well as between elevation. High levels of genetic diversity, genetic mutation, and genetic differentiation were also detected among the geo-populations of O. formosanus. This study revealed the gene flow and possible migration paths of O. formosanus, which are necessary for continuous monitoring and prevention of this species.

Lack of isozyme similarity between Vigna unguiculata and other species of subgenus Vigna (Leguminosae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Vaillancourt ◽  
N. F. Weeden
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
The Third ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

The cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is an important crop of tropical Africa, Asia, and South America. However, the relationship between the cowpea and other species of subg. Vigna is relatively unknown. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic distance among species of subg. Vigna using isozymes. Twenty-four populations of the cowpea species and 39 populations from 10 other species (at least one species per section of subgenus Vigna) were sampled. Nei's genetic distance was calculated from allelic frequencies at 26 isozyme loci. UPGMA cluster analysis was performed. The range of genetic distance among species of subg. Vigna (0.41 – 2.69) was greater than previously reported in most plant genera. Three clusters of species were apparent. The first cluster included three species of sect. Vigna (V. luteola, V. oblongifolia, and V. subterranea (the Bambara groundnut)). The second cluster grouped together sections Liebrechtsia and Macrodontae. The third cluster included V. unguiculata, V. reticulata, and V. vexillata. The distances between species of this cluster were large and of similar size in all combinations (range from 0.92 to 0.95). None of the species included in this survey can be called a close relative of V. unguiculata. Key words: Vigna, cowpea, isozymes, genetic distances.

scholarly journals The Genetic Diversity and Geographic Differentiation of the Wild Soybean in Northeast China Based on Nuclear Microsatellite Variation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hongkun Zhao ◽  
Yumin Wang ◽  
Fu Xing ◽  
Xiaodong Liu ◽  
Cuiping Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Microsatellite Variation ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
The Mean

In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of 205 wild soybean core collections in Northeast China from nine latitude populations and nine longitude populations were evaluated using SSR markers. A total of 973 alleles were detected by 43 SSR loci, and the average number of alleles per locus was 22.628. The mean Shannon information index (I) and the mean expected heterozygosity were 2.528 and 0.879, respectively. At the population level, the regions of 42°N and 124°E had the highest genetic diversity among all latitudes and longitudes. The greater the difference in latitude was, the greater the genetic distance was, whereas a similar trend was not found in longitude populations. Three main clusters (1N, <41°N-42°N; 2N, 43°N-44°N; and 3N, 45°N–>49°N) were assigned to populations. AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic differentiation among latitude and longitude populations was 0.088 and 0.058, respectively, and the majority of genetic variation occurred within populations. The Mantel test revealed that genetic distance was significantly correlated with geographical distance (r=0.207, p<0.05). Furthermore, spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was a spatial structure (ω=119.58, p<0.01) and the correlation coefficient (r) decreased as distance increased within a radius of 250 km.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars by RAPD Markers

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mitra ◽  
K. M. Nasiruddin ◽  
E. H. Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

RAPD assay was conducted for molecular genetic analysis of six wheat cultivars, such as, Kanchan, Sourav, Gourab, Shatabdi, Pavon and BAW-1006 to observe genetic variability and relatedness among these cultivars. Three out of 12 decamer random primers showed distinctly polymorphic bands when used to amplify genomic DNA. The primers yielded a total of 23 RAPD markers of which 14 were considered as polymorphic. The proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity (h) values were 34.78% and 0.153 for BAW-1006, 30.43% and 0.124 for Kanchan, 26.09% and 0.127 for Shatabdi, 26.09% and 0.127 for Pavon, 26.09% and 0.111 for Gourab, 21.74% and 0.098 for Sourav, respectively. The coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) and gene flow (Nm) values across all the loci were 0.50 and 0.50, respectively indicating genetic divergence among populations. The UPGMA  dendrogram  based  on Nei’s  genetic distance, grouped  six cultivars into two main clusters:  Kanchan, Sourav, Gourab  and Shatabdi  in cluster I; Pavon and BAW-1006 in cluster II. The cluster I was further separated: Kanchan alone in sub-cluster I and Sourav, Gourab, Shatabdi in sub-cluster II; furthermore, Sourab and Gourab grouped together in sub-sub-cluster I of sub-cluster II with the lowest genetic distance of 0.035. Thus, RAPD offer a potentially simple, rapid and reliable method to evaluate genetic variation and relatedness among six wheat cultivars.  Key words: RAPD, genetic diversity, polymorphic loci, wheat D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4915 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 35-44, 2009 (June)

scholarly journals Analysis of genetic diversity among Iranian populations of Ficus carica L. (Moraceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
M.R. Zolfaghari ◽  
F. Salimpour ◽  
F. Sharifnia ◽  
S.J. Marandi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Limited Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Clustering ◽  
Clustering Patterns ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Ficus carica L. is a species of Moraceae family that has been cultivated in different parts of the world from ancient time. Its fruit is eaten by human and has several medicinal properties. This species widely grows and cultivated in various parts of Iran. For this, in the current study, we investigated infraspecific genetic variation and population structure of F. carica in the country. 14 natural populations of F. carica were collected and their genomic DNA were extracted and tested with RAPD molecular technique. Parameters of population’s genetic diversity varied among the studied populations. In addition, AMOVA test revealed significant variations among the populations.  The studied populations clustered separately in UPGMA tree of RAPD data, moreover PCA and MDS plots produced similar results. STRUCTURE analysis revealed the best number of k = 9. Based on Nei’s genetic distance, we had nine distinct groups. Genetic clustering patterns according to UPGMA trees of RAPD data and Nei’s genetic distance were more similar with the results of STRUCTURE analysis. The small amount of Nm) the product of the effective size of individual populations (N) and the rate of migration among them (m) (value showed limited gene flow among the studied populations, therefore it seems that high genetic variations among these populations may be related less or few amount of gene exchange among populations.

Evaluation of the genetic diversity and population structure of five indigenous and one introduced Chinese goose breeds using microsatellite markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjun Li ◽  
Qingyuan Yuan ◽  
Junda Shen ◽  
Zhengrong Tao ◽  
Guoqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Distance Estimate ◽  
Cluster Analyses ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Li, J., Yuan, Q., Shen, J., Tao, Z., Li, G., Tian, Y., Wang, D., Chen, L. and Lu, L. 2012. Evaluation of the genetic diversity and population structure of five indigenous and one introduced Chinese goose breeds using microsatellite markers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 417–423. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships among five indigenous Chinese goose breeds and one introduced goose breed using 29 microsatellite markers. A total of 334 distinct alleles were observed across the six breeds, and 45 of the 334 alleles (13.5%) were unique to only one breed. The indigenous geese showed higher diversity in terms of the observed number of alleles per locus (4.48–5.90) and observed heterozygosity (0.46–0.53) compared with the introduced breed (3.97 and 0.29, respectively). The pairwise genetic differentiation (FST) between the six goose breeds ranged from 0.04 between Panshi Grey goose (PS) and Yongkang Grey goose to 0.47 between PS and Landes goose; similarly, Nei's genetic distance varied between 0.25 and 0.75. However, the FST between the indigenous Chinese goose breeds was very small. In addition, genetic distance estimate, phylogenic, and cluster analyses of the genetic relationships and population structure revealed that some indigenous goose breeds had hybridized more frequently, resulting in a loss of genetic distinctiveness.

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