scholarly journals POWDER MIXTO MANUFACTURE PELLETS AND INCREASE THE SURVIVAL LEVEL OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES (Steinernema glaseri) CONTAINED WITHIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
L.V. Bustamante-Espinosa ◽  
A. Castañeda-Ovando ◽  
J. Hernández-Ávila ◽  
M. Reyes-López ◽  
P. MontesGarcía ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Survival Level

scholarly journals Virulence of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) for the control of Diabrotica speciosa germar (coleoptera: chrysomelidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Santos ◽  
Alcides Moino Junior ◽  
Vanessa Andaló ◽  
Camila Costa Moreira ◽  
Ricardo Alves de Olinda
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Soil Insects ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa ◽  
Pupal Mortality

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are used in biological control of soil insects and show promise in the control of D. speciosa. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of native and exotic entomopathogenic nematode isolates in the control of D. speciosa under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Results showed that all of EPNs caused larval mortality. The most virulent were Heterorhabditis sp. RSC01 (94%), Steinernema glaseri (84%), Heterorhabditis sp. JPM04 (82%) and Heterorhabditis amazonensis RSC05 (78%). There was no effect of the Heterorhabditis sp. RSC01 and S. glaseri isolates on eggs. The maximum mortality of D. speciosa larvae by Heterorhabditis sp. RSC01 was observed at a concentration of 300 IJ/ insect, while by S. glaseri observed the highest mortality at the concentration of 200 IJ/ insect. The Heterorhabditis sp. RSC01 isolate caused over 80% pupal mortality at a concentration of 250 IJ/insect. The virulence of Heterorhabditis sp. RSC01 and S. glaseri was affected by temperature. The Heterorhabditis sp. RSC01 isolate caused reduction in larva survival under greenhouse conditions at all of the tested concentrations and there was no difference in mortality among different concentrations of infectid juveniles.

Laboratory Studies of the Interactions of Environmental Conditions on the Susceptibility of Green June Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Grubs to Entomopathogenic Nematodes

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica L. Townsend ◽  
Donn T. Johnson ◽  
Don C. Steinkraus
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Percentage Mortality ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Water Suspensions

In the laboratory, four nematode species differed significantly in the percentage mortality that each caused in second-instar green June beetles (grubs), Cotinis nitida (L.). Water suspensions of 1,000 infective juveniles (IJ)/one grub/Petri dish each of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema glaseri, and S. feltiae caused 34, 22 and 18% grub mortality, respectively. These values were significantly (P = 0.05) greater than the grub mortality caused by either S. carpocapsae (12%) or the water check (0%) that were similar. Several factors affected third- and fourth-instar susceptibility in the laboratory when exposed to 10,000 S. carpocapsae or H. bacteriophora IJ in 75 g of soil (133 IJ/cm3 soil)/plastic cup. Soil at 30% moisture by weight resulted in significantly more (P= 0.006) dead grubs (6.6%) than at 10% soil moisture (2.8%). Significantly more (P = 0.03) grubs died when at a grub density of 2 grubs/plastic cup (5.6%) than at 1 grub/plastic cup (3.8%). Significantly more (P = 0.01) grubs were killed by either S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora at a soil temperature of 25°C (6.5%) than at 12°C (2.8%). There was also a significant interaction of temperature and nematode species. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora killed significantly more (P= 0.02) grubs at 25°C (9.5%) than at 12°C (1.9%) and more than S. carpocapsae killed at either 12°C or 25°C (<3.9%). More virulent nematode strains or species than these four nematode species must be identified if green June beetles are to be controlled by nematodes.

Cellular reactions of the white grub larvae, Polyphylla adspersa, against entomopathogenic nematodes

Nematology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1047-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamileh Alvandi ◽  
Javad Karimi ◽  
Gary B. Dunphy
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
White Grub ◽  
Maximum Percentage ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Encapsulation Rate

The haemocyte reactions of the white grub larvae Polyphylla adspersa to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), together with the host haemocyte types, have been studied. Six types of identified haemocytes included the prohaemocytes, granulocytes, plasmatocytes, oenocytoids, coagulocytes and spherulocytes. The granulocytes were the dominant (65.2%) haemocyte type followed by the plasmatocytes (22.1%). Both haemocyte types encapsulate EPN. White grub larvae and last larval stage of Galleria mellonella were individually infected with monoxenic Heterorhabditis bacteriophora or Steinernema glaseri. The maximum total haemocyte counts (THC) level of the white grub larvae against the nematode S. glaseri occurred at 12 h post-injection. In addition, by 8 h post-injection, the granulocyte and plasmatocyte levels decreased. The cell reactions of the grubs against H. bacteriophora in terms of THC and differential haemocyte counts and the encapsulation rate started earlier and were more pronounced than those against S. glaseri. The maximum percentage of the encapsulation observed in the white grub larvae against S. glaseri (27.3 ± 0.7%) and H. bacteriophora (36.5 ± 3.5%) occurred at 12 and 8 h post-injection, respectively. EPN-triggered encapsulation in P. adspersa larvae was more extensive than in G. mellonella larvae.

scholarly journals Manufacturing of Granular Matrix with Diatomacious earth, Lime and Sugarcane Bagasse ash to Encapsulate Entomopathogenic Nematodes (Steinernema glaseri)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-22
Author(s):  
L.V. Bustamante-Espinosa ◽  
A. Casta�eda-Ovando ◽  
J. Hern�ndez-�vila ◽  
M. Reyes-P�rez ◽  
P. Montes-Garc�a ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash ◽  
Granular Matrix

Host finding behaviour as a predictor of foraging strategy in entomopathogenic nematodes

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Grewal ◽  
E. E. Lewis ◽  
R. Gaugler ◽  
J. F. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Directional Response ◽  
Sand Column ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Volatile Cues

SUMMARYForaging strategies of eight species of entomopathogenic nematodes were predicted from their response to host volatile cues and dispersal behaviour on 2-dimensional substrates. Positive directional response to chemical cues and similar distances travelled on smooth (agar) or nictation substrates (agar overlaid with sand grains) by Heterorhabditis bacterio-phora, Heterorhabditis megidis, Steinernema anomali, and Steinernema glaseri suggest their cruising approach to finding hosts. The absence of directional response and less distance travelled on nictation substrate, than on smooth agar by Steinernema carpocapsae and Steinernema scapterisci suggest their ambushing mode of foraging. Steinernema feltiae and Steinernema sp. responded directionally to host volatiles, but travelled less distance on the nictation substrate than on smooth agar; the two species also did not nictate. The cruiser species located hosts more effectively in the sand columns, whereas the ambushers were more effective at finding hosts on filter paper. Steinernema feltiae and Steinernema sp. performed equally on filter paper and in the sand column. We conclude that H. bacteriophora, H. megidis, S. anomali and S. glaseri cruise to find hosts, whereas S. carpocapsae and S. scapterisci ambush hosts. Steinernema feltiae and Steinernema sp. are intermediary in the search continuum sharing some characteristics of both ambush and cruise foragers.

scholarly journals THE CONTINUAL FORMING AND CONTRIBUTION OF INFECTIVE JUVENILES PRODUCED VIA ENDOTOKIA MATRICIDA OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES IN THE FAMILY OF STEINERNEMATIDAE AND HETERORHABDITIDAE

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliantoro Baliadi ◽  
E. Kondo ◽  
T. Yoshiga
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Insect Host ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Greater Wax Moth ◽  
The Family ◽  
Insect Cadaver ◽  
Wax Moth

The non-feeding developmentally arrested infective juveniles (IJs) of entomopathogenic nematodes in the family of Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae seek out a susceptible insect host and initiate infections. The aim of the research was to examine the continual<br />forming and contribution of IJs produced via endotokia matricida (IJs-EM) of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema glaseri, and S. carpocapsae. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Nematology of the Saga University, Japan (April 2001-April<br />2002) and the Laboratory of Nematology of the Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (June 2003-October 2004). The nematode progenies were investigated using the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, pre-inoculated with 50 IJs at 25°C.<br />Results showed that three reproductive adult generations were observed at day 18th. There were 135,000, 128,000 and 133,000 IJs per insect cadaver produced in H. bacteriophora, S. glaseri and S. carpocapsae, respectively. Endotokia matricida contributed a higher number of IJs than that of a normal mode of IJs production. The ratios are 81%, 28% and 64% for H. bacteriophora, S. glaseri, and S. carpocapsae of the IJs total production, respectively. Among the generations, the highest contribution of IJs was come from the<br />third adult generation bearing endotokia matricida, i.e., 63%, 24% and 51% for the three nematode species. Although the IJs-EM were more transparent compared to the normal IJs, they were morphologically similar. The results show that endotokia matricida has a pivotal role in a species maintenance and survival strategy of entomopathogenic nematodes in extreme environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema Glaseri (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) isolate Santa Rosa on the biological parameters of engorged nymphs of Amblyomma Cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cardoso ◽  
C. M.O. Monteiro ◽  
M.C.A. Prata ◽  
E.S.P. Batista
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Amblyomma Cajennense ◽  
Steinernema Glaseri ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Mortality Percentage

This work evaluated the in vitro effects of Steinernema glaseri on the biology of engorged Amblyomma cajennense nymphs. The ticks were exposed to infective juveniles (IJs) of S. glaseri at different concentrations. Each treatment was composed by 10 experimental units (EU = repetitions) in Petri dishes maintained at 27 ± 1º C and relative humidity (RH) > 80 ± 10% for 72 hours. Then the nymphs were transferred to Petri dishes free of nematodes for observation of the following parameters: pre-ecdysis period (PEP), ecdysis period (EP), molting period (MP), ecdysis percentage (%Ec) and mortality percentage (%Mt). The groups treated with 5,000 and 10,000 IJs/EU showed significant alterations in the PEP when compared to the control, while for the EP only the treatment with 10,000 IJs/EU produced any significant changes compared to the control. The MP did not differ significantly from the control in any of the treated groups. For the %Ec only the group treated with 10,000 IJs/EU differed significantly from the control. The greatest efficiency was obtained at the concentration of 10,000 IJs/EU, in which the mortality percentage was 13%. This demonstrates that the nematode utilized was not able to cause high mortality in engorged A. cajennense nymphs and agrees with other reports indicating that immature ticks are not highly susceptible to entomopathogenic nematodes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document