scholarly journals Significance of Internal Cash Flows on Investment of a Firm and Use of Cash Flow Sensitivity as Financial Constraints: A panel data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Cash Flow Sensitivity

Financial constraints for investment in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Lima Crisóstomo ◽  
Félix Javier López Iturriaga ◽  
Eleuterio Vallelado González
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Euler Equation ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Growth Opportunities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Cash Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Investment Models

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to verify the existence of financial constraints for investment in Brazil, an emerging market with growing international visibility. Design/methodology/approach – Using panel data methodology and generalized method of moments (GMM), the paper estimates dynamic investment models based on the Euler equation and Tobin's q for a panel data set of 199 Brazilian non-financial firms for the time period 1995-2006. Findings – Results show that Brazilian firms face financial constraints since their investments depend on internally generated funds. Results are robust to different investment models based on the Euler equation, also controlling for growth opportunities. Significant investment-cash flow sensitivity has been found for the whole sample of firms. Subsamples of firms considered as under financial constraints, according to dividend payout and equity issuance policies, have higher investment-cash flow sensitivity. Investment-cash flow sensitivity of financially constrained firms in Brazil is higher than that in the UK and in Romania, a transition economy. Originality/value – The results extend empirical evidence of financial constraints in Brazil. The paper contributes to the literature by assessing the firms’ financial constraint status on an annual basis, and by using panel data methodology and GMM to estimate dynamic models of investment that take into account the proposals of the hierarchy of finance theory. In addition, the paper controls for growth opportunities. Capital market imperfections affect firm investment in Brazil and such effects are even stronger for financially constrained firms.

Financial Development and the Cash Flow Sensitivity of Cash

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inder K. Khurana ◽  
Xiumin Martin ◽  
Raynolde Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Cash Holdings ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
External Financing ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Cash Flow Sensitivity

AbstractPrior research posits that market imperfections and the lack of institutions that protect investor interests create a divergence between the cost of internal and external funds, thereby constraining firms' ability to fund investment projects through external financing. Financial constraints force firms to manage their cash flows to finance potentially profitable projects. A related stream of research documents that financial constraints due to costly external financing are more pronounced in underdeveloped financial markets. We examine the influence of financial development on the demand for liquidity by focusing on how financial development affects the sensitivity of firms' cash holdings to their cash flows. Using firm-level data for 35 countries covering about 12,782 firms for the years 1994–2002, we find the sensitivity of cash holdings to cash flows decreases with financial development. We also consider additional implications of firms' cash flow sensitivity of cash with respect to firm size and business cycles. Overall, we provide new cross-country evidence of the role of financial development on financial constraints.

scholarly journals Are companies managed by overconfident CEO financially constraint? Investment-cash flow sensitivity approach

Equilibrium ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-131
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Bukalska
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Financing Decisions ◽  
Cash Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Internal Funds ◽  
The Impact

Research background: Overconfidence is one of the biases and fallacies that affect a cognitive process. Indeed, overconfidence has some serious consequences even in corporate finance. The literature is not consistent as for the impact of overconfidence on investment and financing decisions. Additionally, we include the issue of financial constraints to our analysis as investment-cash flow sensitivity (ICFS) is perceived as the measure of financial constraints. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to test investment-cash flow sensitivity and financial constraints under managerial overconfidence. We think that companies managed by overconfident managers show a higher relation between cash flows and investment and demonstrate bigger financial constraints. Methods: In this paper, we test investment-cash flow sensitivity and financial constraints under CEO overconfidence among panel data of Polish private firms. We collect the unique sample of 145 non-listed companies by surveying the CEOs on their overconfidence. We collect the financial data of surveyed companies covering the 2010–2016 period. Total number of observations is 1015. Findings & Value added: First, we find a positive and higher relation between the investment-cash flow sensitivity for companies managed by overconfident managers which is in line with recent research. As for the financial constraints we find lower level of financial constraints among the companies managed by overconfident man-agers. This might be evidence that despite having lower financial constraints the companies managed by overconfident managers intentionally choose internal funds as the main source of financing and refrain from using external funds. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first empirical study for Polish companies on the relation between CEO overconfidence and financial decisions.

scholarly journals Determining the Relationship between the Items of the Cash Flow Statement with Abnormal Output in the Companies Enlisted in Stock Exchange Organization

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 850-863
Author(s):  
Hassan Ghodrati ◽  
Fatemeh Haftlang Mohammadjani ◽  
Hossein Jabbari
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Random Method

The continuity of the operations, growth or decrease in the business activities of any company is in line with the on time and optimized funding of cash liquidity and suitable as well as the proper use of them in investment paths in the direction of creating output and ultimately, to increase the shareholders wealth. The goal of this research is to determine the relationship between cash liquidity and abnormal output of stocks. For this purpose, 130 companies were selected by employing simple random method among the companies were enlisted in Stock Exchange Organization. Different cash liquidities included the operational and non-operational cash flows were taken as the five main independent variables, the divisible profits, financial leverage and the size of the company were defined as other independent variables; and, the abnormal output of stock was considered as dependent variable. After analyzing the pre-hypothesis by using combined multi-variable regression and based on the panel data analysis, five linear relations were assessed. The results of the research showed positive relationship between different cash flows, except tax cash flow and the abnormal output of stock. With respect to the determining coefficients which were obtained, the assessed relationship was considered very weak linear relation. The results of T.Student and Fischer showed that the assessed relationship was not significant in the statistical society level. Analyzing the non-parametric correlation showed similar results.

Corporate cash flow and dividends smoothing: a panel data analysis at Bursa Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apedzan Emmanuel Kighir ◽  
Normah Haji Omar ◽  
Norhayati Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Payout Policy ◽  
Free Cash Flow ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate and find out the impact of cash flow on changes in dividend payout decisions among non-financial firms quoted at Bursa Malaysia as compared to earnings. There has been renewed debate in recent finance and accounting literature concerning the key determinants of changes in dividends payout policy decisions in some jurisdictions. The conclusion in some is that firms base their dividend decisions on cash flows rather than published earnings. Design/methodology/approach – The research made use of panel data from 1999 to 2012 at Bursa Malaysia, using generalized method of moments as the main method of analysis. Findings – The research finds that Malaysia non-financial firms consider current earnings more important than current cash flow while making dividends payout decisions, and prior year cash flows are considered more important in dividends decisions than prior year earnings. We also found support for Jensen (1986) in Malaysia on agency theory, that managers of firms pay dividends from free cash flow to reduce agency conflicts. Practical implications – The research concludes that Malaysian non-financial firms use current earnings and less of current cash flow in making changes in dividends policy. The policy implication is that current earnings are dividends smoothing agents, and the more they are considered in dividends payout decisions, the less of dividends smoothing. Social implications – If dividends smoothing is encouraged, it could lead to dividends-based earnings management. Originality/value – The research is our novel contribution of assisting investors and government in making informed decisions regarding dividends policy in Malaysia.

Corporate Sustainable Growth and the Financing of Innovation

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amani Kahloul ◽  
Ezzeddine Zouari
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Adjustment Costs ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Asymmetric Pattern ◽  
Cash Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Cash Flow Sensitivities ◽  
Flow Components ◽  
Transitory Component

R&D investments are a channel for growth, at the macro and micro levels. However, they are known to be characterized with high adjustment costs, therefore, it is generally admitted in the literature that firms try to smooth their R&D investments in face of shocks to internal finance, and the literature supposes that the observed investment – current cash-flow sensitivities are downward biased because R&D expenses are expected to respond to the permanent component of cash-flow but not to its transitory component. However, very few proofs, if at all, exist on the link between R&D and cash-flow components and its implications in terms of its contribution to the corporate sustainable growth. The authors decompose cash-flow into its permanent and transitory components and provide formal evidence that R&D- current cash-flow sensitivity is downward biased and that R&D- permanent cash-flow sensitivity better informs about the contribution of cash-flow to R&D smoothing, which shows a managerial commitment to sustainability. Unexpectedly, and in spite of the negligible observed sensitivities of R&D to the transitory component of cash-flow, the authors’ regressions reveal that these sensitivities have an asymmetric pattern: they are higher when cash-flow is expanding than when it is declining. This reveals a managerial preference for immediate growth, which jeopardizes sustainable growth, because of the risk of costly liquidation inherent to the reliance on the volatile transitory cash-flows.

scholarly journals Ownership Structure and Cash Flows As Determinants of Corporate Dividend Policy in Pakistan

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talat Afza ◽  
Hammad Hassan Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Cash Flow Sensitivity ◽  
Operating Cash Flow ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Individual Ownership

Dividend Policy is among the widely addressed topics in modern financial literature. The inconclusiveness of the theories on importance of dividend in determining firm’s value has made it one of the most debatable topics for the researchers (see for example, Ramcharan, 2001; Frankfurter et. al 2002; Al-Malkawi, 2007). The present study investigates the impact of firm specific characteristics on corporate dividend behavior in emerging economy of Pakistan. Three years data (2005-2007) of 100 companies listed at Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE) has been analyzed using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression. The results show that managerial and individual ownership, cash flow sensitivity, size and leverage are negatively whereas, operating cash-flow and profitability are positively related to cash dividend. Managerial ownership, individual ownership, operating cash flow and size are the most significant determinants of dividend behavior whereas, leverage and cash flow sensitivity do not contribute significantly in determining the level of corporate dividend payment in the firms studied in our sample. Estimated results are robust to alternative proxy of dividend behavior i.e. dividend intensity.

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