scholarly journals Gowardia zebrina sp. nov., a new species in a little-known genus of arctic-alpine lichens (Parmeliaceae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-226
Author(s):  
Trevor Goward ◽  
Leena Myllys
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Secondary Chemistry ◽  
Alpine Regions ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
Fruticose Lichen ◽  
Northwestern North America ◽  
A New Species

The fruticose lichen genus Gowardia (Parmeliaceae) was recently segregated from Alectoria based on phylogeny, morphology, secondary chemistry, ecology and distribution. As currently circumscribed, Gowardia comprises two wide-ranging species of arctic-alpine regions. Here we describe a third species, G. zebrina sp. nov., apparently endemic to subalpine regions in mountainous northwestern North America. Gowardia zebrina differs from other species in the genus by its combined subpendent habit, uniformly capillary branches, predominantly isotomic branching, pale-and-dark banding of the terminal branches, and epiphytic ecology. Morphological examination of North American herbarium specimens filed under A. nigricans suggests the existence of several additional undescribed species of Gowardia. A brief overview of morphological diversity in these species is given, shedding new light on the question of whether Gowardia should be subsumed under Alectoria, as some have suggested, or is more appropriately recognized as a distinct genus.

scholarly journals Amaioua longipedicellata (Rubiaceae, Gardenieae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic coast

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Piero G. Delprete ◽  
Jomar G. Jardim
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
A New Species

Background – Ongoing studies of Brazilian Rubiaceae revealed an undescribed species of Amaioua endemic to Atlantic Forest (Restinga and Semideciduous forest) of the state of Bahia, which is here described and illustrated, and its morphological characters are discussed and compared with those of similar species. Methods – This study is based on examinations of herbarium specimens, samples preserved in 60% ethanol, field observations, and digital images. Herbarium specimens of the CAY, CEPEC, HBR, IBGE, K, MBM, NY, RB, U, UB, UFG, and US herbaria were directly studied. Additional images of herbarium specimens were studied online. Results – Amaioua longipedicellata Delprete & J.G.Jardim is here described, illustrated and compared with the two most similar species, i.e., A. glomerulata (Lam. ex Poir.) Delprete & C.H.Perss. and A. intermedia Mart. A table comparing the morphological characters of these three species, and an appendix with selected specimens studied of A. glomerulata and A. intermedia are included.

Examining range disjunctions in Australian Terminalia (Combretaceae) with taxonomic revision of the T. canescens and T. cunninghamii species complexes

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell L. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
North And South ◽  
A New Species

Several range disjunctions have been identified in the Australian species of the genus Terminalia L. Field studies and examination of herbarium specimens of taxa with range disjunctions have demonstrated that taxonomic changes are justified. Detailed morphological studies of the Terminalia canescens (DC.) Radlk. species complex showed that four taxa should be recognised. The name Terminalia circumalata F.Muell. is resurrected as a taxon endemic to the Pilbara region, with T. canescens not occurring in that region. The distinction of Terminalia bursarina F.Muell., T. canescens and T. pterocarya F.Muell. is also supported. Terminalia cunninghamii C.A.Gardner has been considered to have a disjunct range between the far north and south-west of the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Terminalia kumpaja R.L.Barrett is described as a new species to accommodate the disjunct southern populations because morphological examination has shown them to be distinct. Terminalia kumpaja is restricted to the Dampier Botanical District. Full descriptions and illustrations of key identifying features are provided for these species. Keys to all Australian Terminalia species are presented. Additional species with disjunct distributions that warrant further study are noted. Lectotypes are selected for Terminalia circumalata and T. rogersii W.Fitzg.

Aspidistra chongzuoensis (Asparagaceae): a new species from limestone areas in Guangxi, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 208 (3) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
CHUN-RUI LIN ◽  
YU-SONG HUANG ◽  
WEI-BO ZENG ◽  
FANG ZHU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
A New Species

During our fieldwork in the southwest Guangxi, China in January 2014, we found in the White-headed Langur National Nature Reserve an unusual Aspidistra Ker-Gawler (1822: 628) specimen with fruits and dried up flowers only, so we could not identify it without fresh flowers. In November, we returned to the place for further observations of the species, and found the plants with blackish purple, bell-shaped flowers. After consulting herbarium specimens and relevant literature on Aspidistra (Liang & Tamura 2000, Li 2004, Li & Wei 2003, Tillich 2005, 2008, Lin et al. 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, Lin & Liu 2011, Liu et al. 2011, Tillich & Leong-Skornickova 2013, Hu et al. 2014, Meng et al. 2014, Vislobokov et al. 2014), it became apparent that this population is an undescribed species, and the valid name Aspidistra chongzuoensis was used, which is described below.

The genus Xylaria (Xylariaceae) in the south of China—6. A new Xylaria species based on morphological and molecular characters

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAI-XIA MA ◽  
LARISSA VASILYEVA ◽  
YU LI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Nrdna Its ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
The South ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Molecular Characters

Xylaria fusispora, an undescribed species of Xylaria (Xylariales, Xylariaceae), is described and illustrated as a new species based on collections from Guizhou Province, China. Both morphology and phylogenetic analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences support the establishment of this new species. The fungus is characterized by its fusoid-equilateral ascospores and an ascus apical ring not bluing in Melzer’s reagent. The differences between the new species and the related fungi are discussed.

Genetic and morphological diversity of the cosmopolitan chaetognath Pseudosagitta maxima (Conant, 1896) in the Atlantic Ocean and its relationship with the congeneric species

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1875-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry N. Kulagin ◽  
Tatiana V. Neretina
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
True Diversity

Abstract Until recently many oceanic zooplankton species have been considered as cosmopolitan organisms. At present it became evident that some of them comprise many distinct molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) that often are regarded as cryptic species. As they can significantly change our perceptions of large-scale biogeographic patterns, it is important to characterize the true diversity within common and ecologically important groups. We have analysed the molecular and morphological diversity of the cosmopolitan mesopelagic chaetognath Pseudosagitta maxima throughout the Atlantic Ocean from 60° S to 85° N and its position within the genus Pseudosagitta. Three distinct mitochondrial clades within P. maxima were revealed with phylogenetic analyses (Maximum Likelihood, Bayesian Inference) and were geographically separated. The subsequent analyses of nuclear markers (H3, ITS1) have shown that P. maxima most likely comprises two distinct MOTUs, tropical and bipolar, that also have some morphological differences. The latter MOTU consists of two genetically slightly divergent populations: southern and northern. The morphological examination allowed the determination of a character (type of hook coloration) that accurately distinguishes juveniles of the P. maxima complex from the other congeneric species. Molecular data have shown that evolutionary P. lyra and P. gazellae are more closely related to each other than to P. maxima. Number of hooks, number of anterior and posterior teeth and the arrangement of ova in the ovary were proposed to be the most useful morphological characters to distinguish between tropical and bipolar MOTUs within the P. maxima complex. The first three characters should be determined for each maturity stage separately.

An Electrophoretic and Morphological Examination of Bothriembyron kendricki (Pulmonata: Bulimulidae), a New Species previously Considered Conspecific with B. bulla (Menke)

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hill ◽  
MS Johnson ◽  
H Merrifield
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
A New Species

Bothriembryon bulla (Menke) has previously been thought to include pale and melanic morphs. Studies of morphology and allozymes reveal that the two forms are reproductively isolated. The melanic is herein referred to as B. kendricki, sp. nov. Both species show large amounts of variation among populations for both shell morphology and allozymes, emphasizing the need for comprehensive geographic sampling in studies of the genus Bothriembryon.

Taxonomic revision of four species of the Neotropical land planarian genera Cratera and Geoplana (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) with a description of two new species and an emendation of Cratera

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4500 (4) ◽  
pp. 517 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOMINGO LAGO-BARCIA ◽  
FERNANDO CARBAYO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Morphological Feature ◽  
Ejaculatory Duct ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Terminal Portion ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Land Planarian

The Brazilian land planarians Cratera crioula, C. joia, Geoplana hina, and G. taxiarcha (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae) are revised taxonomically from type material and additional specimens. Geoplana hina sensu Carbayo et al. (2013) was found to be an undescribed species and therefore is described and named as Cratera picuia sp. n. A new species of the genus is also described and named as Cratera arucuia sp. n. G. hina and G. taxiarcha are transferred to Cratera. The most remarkable morphological feature of Cratera—a dilated terminal portion of the ejaculatory duct—is either absent, inconspicuous, or variable in C. hina, C. joia, C. picuia sp. n., and C. arucuia sp. n. Based on the monophyletic status of Cratera inferred elsewhere, an emendation of the genus is here proposed to encompass the morphological variation observed in the genus. 

scholarly journals A new species of Cochemiea (Cactaceae, Cacteae) from Sinaloa, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leccinum Jesús García Morales ◽  
Rodrigo Homero González González ◽  
Jesús García Jiménez ◽  
Duilio Iamonico
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
The North ◽  
Hummingbird Pollination ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
A New Species

Background and Aims: Cochemiea is a genus which currently comprises five species occurring in Mexico. It is morphologically characterized by cylindrical decumbent to prostrate stems and by a long red-scarlet zygomorphic perianth, presumably specialized for hummingbird pollination. As part ofthe ongoing taxonomic studies on the North Mexican flora, a population discovered by Thomas Linzen in 2012 in central Sinaloa (Mexico), previously identified as Mammillaria sp., actually refers to a Cochemiea species and cannot be ascribed to any of the known species of that genus. As a consequence,we here propose to describe this population as a a new species for science.Methods: The work is based on field surveys (autumn 2018 and spring 2019) in central Sinaloa, examination of herbarium specimens, and analysis of relevant literature. Its conservation status was assessed following the guidelines of the IUCN; AOO and EOO were calculated with the programGeoCAT.Key results: Cochemiea thomasii is described and illustrated from Sinaloa. The new species is morphologically similar to C. halei from which it differs by the hanging stems, the larger conical tubercles, less numerous and shorter central spines, and the ovoid fruits. A diagnostic key of the knownCochemiea species is included.Conclusions: Cochemiea thomasii is endemic to the state of Sinaloa where it occupies a small area. On the basis of the criteria B2a (geographic range) and C (small population) of IUCN, the new species can be assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) or Vulnerable (VU). Adopting the precautionary approach, Cochemiea thomasii is considered as Critically Endangered (CR).

scholarly journals Adocus Kohaku, A New Species of Aquatic Turtle (Testudines: Cryptodira: Adocidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Kuji, Iwate Prefecture, Northeast Japan, with Special References to the Geological Age of the Tamagawa Formation (Kuji Group) LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:61376EEE-A386-416E-98AE-FF64FE2597A2

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Hirayama
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Geological Age ◽  
Iwate Prefecture ◽  
A New Species

A nearly complete shell of the genus Adocus (Adocidae; Pan-Trionychia; Cryptodira; Testudines) was collected from the late Cretaceous (Turonian) Tamagawa Formation of Kuji Group at Kuji City, Iwate Prefecture, northeast Japan. This turtle shows unique features such as the loss of cervical scute, extreme expansion of marginal scutes overlying costal plates, and exclusion of the humeral- pectoral sulcus from entoplastron. Thus, A. kohaku is erected as a new species. As A. kohaku shows most derived position of A. kohaku within this genus, morphological diversity of the genus Adocus seems to have occurred rather early in its evolution in Eastern Asia.

scholarly journals Hiding deep underground - two new subterranean beetle genera for Slovenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teo Delić ◽  
Andrea Colla ◽  
Maja Zagmajster
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Single Male ◽  
Narrow Endemic ◽  
Phylogenetic Framework ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
A New Species

By offsetting the discipline of speleobiology with the discovery of the first subterranean beetle Leptodirus hochenwartii, Slovenia became the country with the longest tradition of speleobiological research. Subterranean beetles have been an undepletable study subject for almost two centuries, giving the impression that not much novelty is expected in beetle fauna. However, recent discoveries of two new beetle genera for Slovenia, one of them even being a new genus for science, have put this view into a new perspective. With the development of caving techniques and growing interest for surveying deep vertical caves, also the intensity of speleobiological studies of these caves gradually increased. So, it was only in 2017, that the first specialized, hygropetric beetle, was found in Slovenia. In Southern part of the country, a sole female specimen from genus Croatodirus (fam. Leiodidae), probably belonging to a new species, was collected from a cave in Mt. Snežnik, at depth of 475 m. Second, in the same year, even more spectacular finding came from the Southern Calcareous Alps. During sampling of a cave on Mt. Raduha, a peculiar and highly troglomorphic Trechinae (fam. Carabidae) was found at depth 450 m, near the cave hygropetric. Thorough morphological examination of a single male collected revealed characters similar to the ones known in the Southern Dinaric Scotoplanetes - genus known to inhabit the cave hygropetric. However, when the newly discovered genus was put into Alpine Trechinae phylogenetic framework, its sister relation with a narrow-endemic genus Aphaenopidius was revealed. Such rare and occasional findings raise questions regarding the completeness of our knowledge on alpha taxonomy and the mechanisms underlying convergent evolution in the subterranean realm. Poster: Suppl. material 1

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