The Effect of U.S. Protectionist Trade Policy on Foreign Ownership: A Study of Korea’s Data Set

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Hyun-Uk Jung ◽  
Tae-Hyoung Mun
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Data Set

Protection, Trade, and Wages: Evidence from U.S. Manufacturing

ILR Review ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Gaston ◽  
Daniel Trefler
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Trade Protection ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Wage Effect ◽  
Nontariff Barriers ◽  
Antidumping Duties

This paper investigates the effects of international trade policy on wages in U.S. manufacturing industries in 1983. The data set combines micro labor market data with comprehensive data on tariffs and nontariff trade barriers such as quotas and antidumping duties. The authors find that workers in unprotected, export-oriented industries had higher wages than workers with similar observable characteristics in protected, import-competing industries; more specifically, exports had a positive wage effect and imports had a smaller negative wage effect. Other findings are that nontariff barriers had no significant effect on wages, and tariffs appear to have had a large negative wage effect, even after the authors control for the trade protection received by low-wage industries.

scholarly journals Trade Policy Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: Evidence from a New Data Set

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Evenett ◽  
Matteo Fiorini ◽  
Johannes Fritz ◽  
Bernard Hoekman ◽  
Piotr Lukaszuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Policy Responses

scholarly journals Foreign Ownership and Firm Performance - Evidence in Vietnam

2014 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 85-104
Author(s):  
Vinh Võ Xuân
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Relationship

The paper aims to investigate the relationship between foreign ownership and firm performance in Vietnam. We use a data set including market and accounting variables of firms listed on Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) for the period from 2007 to 2012. The results show a significant correlation between foreign ownership and firm performance. The regressions on each level of foreign ownership indicate that foreign ownership is found to be significantly and positively correlated with firm performance when foreigners own between 5% and 20% of shares in firms, while a negative correlation occurs where foreign holdings are more than 20%, specially and considerably negative where the level is more than 40%; and there is no significant relationship between the two variables where foreigners own less than 5% of shares.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of corporate governance structure: An alternative metric on the performance of listed Chinese companies

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Yuan George Shan ◽  
Ron P. McIver
Keyword(s):  
Governance Structure ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Set Covering ◽  
Stock Exchanges ◽  
Corporate Governance Structure ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Accounts Receivable ◽  
Stratified Sample ◽  
Bad Debt

We analyse a panel data set covering the years 2001 to 2005 and comprised of a stratified sample of A, AB and AH non financial companies listed on China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges to provide empirical evidence on the influence of corporate control and governance characteristics on the quality and independence of corporate decision making in these companies. The characteristics considered are the level of concentration in and type of ownership of the companies, particularly high levels of government and foreign ownership, and the composition (expertise) and size of the companies’ two boards. Performance outcomes, and by association the quality and independence of corporate policy decisions, are measured in the form of firm bad debt to accounts receivable ratio (BD/AR). We find that for our sample firms’ concentration of ownership, including state and foreign ownership, and board size and independence are significant factors in determining the levels of the bad debt ratio.

scholarly journals Aid for Trade and Recipient Countries’ Export Structure: Does Trade Policy Liberalisation Matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sèna Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
Export Ratio ◽  
Aid For Trade ◽  
Methods Of Moments ◽  
Positive Effect

This article investigates the effect of aid-for-trade (AfT) inflows on beneficiary-countries’ export structure. It additionally examines whether this effect depends on recipient-countries’ level of trade policy liberalisation. Export structure is measured by the ratio of exports of low-skilled and technology-intensive manufactures to total primary export products (LOW), the ratio of exports of medium-skilled and technology-intensive manufactures to total primary export products (MEDIUM) and the ratio of exports of high-skilled and technology-intensive manufactures to total primary export products (HIGH). The analysis has been carried out using an unbalanced panel data set of 121 countries (of which 41 least-developed countries [LDCs]) over the period 2002–2015. Using the two-step generalised methods of moments (GMM) approach, the empirical results show that AfT inflows exert a positive and significant impact on recipient countries’ export ratios LOW and HIGH, but not on the MEDIUM export ratio. For LDCs, AfT inflows influence positively LOW and negatively MEDIUM and HIGH. Furthermore, for both the full sample and LDCs, there is a strong positive effect of the cumulative AfT inflows on the three export ratios. Finally, the effect of AfT inflows on export ratios appears to be dependent on the degree of trade policy liberalisation. JEL: F13, F14, F35, O24

The effects of state ownership and tax rate cuts on accounting conservatism: evidence from Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Le ◽  
Paula Hearn Moore
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Joint Effects ◽  
Book To Market Ratio ◽  
The Government

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the joint effects of state ownership and tax rate cuts on accounting conservatism, considering the different levels of foreign ownership in the context of Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses ordinary least squares regressions and a data set of 405 firms covering the period 2007 to 2019. The manuscript uses three measures of accounting conservatism: Basu’s 1997 timeliness of earnings, Basu’s 1997 earnings persistence and the book-to-market ratio. Findings State-owned enterprises (SOEs) adopt less accounting conservatism than non-SOEs; however, the result is only robust in firms with foreign ownership being lower than the foreign ownership median. Firms increase accounting conservatism in the year immediately prior to the year that the tax rate cuts become effective. An SOE possesses an unusual conflict both as a taxpayer and in having its controlling interest held by the government, which is both a tax creator and a tax collector. Interestingly, the increase in accounting conservatism prior to the year of the tax rate cuts is more pronounced for non-SOEs than SOEs. Practical implications This research is beneficial to investors and policymakers where the government is both the taxpayer and tax collector and in emerging markets where foreign investment is local firms’ important financing. Originality/value To the best knowledge, this study is the first in examining the joint effects of state control and tax rate cuts on accounting conservatism.

scholarly journals Trade policy space and foreign direct investment inflows

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-343
Author(s):  
Sena Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Policy Space ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to use a quantitative measure of trade policy space to investigate empirically whether trade policy space influences foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to countries. Design/methodology/approach The empirical analysis covers an unbalanced panel data set of 158 countries, over the period 1995–2015 and uses the two-step system generalized methods of moments approach. Findings The results suggest that the impact of trade policy space on FDI inflows is positive and increases as countries enjoy greater trade policy space. Furthermore, advanced economies tend to experience a higher positive impact of trade policy space on FDI inflows than less advanced economies. Research limitations/implications These findings highlight the relevance of trade policy space for countries’ FDI inflows. Practical implications The analysis shows that non-trade related constraints to trade policy could reduce trade policy space and adversely influence FDI inflows, which are critical for countries’ economic growth and development. Originality/value To the best of the knowledge, this topic has not been addressed in the literature.

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