Tax Avoidance, Tax Risk, and Corporate Governance: Evidence from Korea

This study examines the association between the effective corporate tax rate and the volatility of future effective corporate tax rates in Korean companies. We analyzed the effect of corporate governance on the association between tax avoidance and tax risk. Our sample is comprised of all the firms listed on the Korea Composite Stock Price Index market. We measure each firm’s tax avoidance as GAAP ETR, Cash ETR, and BTD, and use the corporate governance rating of the Korea Corporate Governance Service to measure corporate governance. Our results show that the volatility of the effective corporate tax rate and the effective corporate tax rate would have a significant negative association. Our results show that tax risk decreases when the corporate tax avoidance level increases and the tax risk increases when the corporate tax avoidance level decreases. In addition, we find that the better the corporate governance structure, the higher the level of supervision and control of managers, thereby mitigating the impact of tax evasion on future corporate tax risk. The findings of this study regarding tax avoidance and corporate governance are important for investors because tax risk can significantly affect investor welfare.

Association of Corporate Governance with Intellectual Capital Performance: A Study of S&P 200 Companies

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital efficiency and the attributes of corporate governance in the top 116 companies from 2012 to 2018. The VAIC has been calculated for the sample chosen, which did not include financial companies. The relationship between corporate governance structure and intellectual capital performance was investigated using panel data regression analysis. Results have shown that board size is negatively associated with intellectual capital and its components. CEO duality, on the other hand, is not found to be associated with intellectual capital performance. This study also shows that intellectual capital performance and human capital efficiency are negatively correlated with board independence, Indian promoters, institutional ownership, and foreign ownership. The components of intellectual capital performance, on the other hand, have yielded mixed results. The findings could be useful to policymakers while deciding on the composition and structure of the board.

Apakah Corporate Governance ikut Mempengaruhi Tingkat Underpricing Perusahaan?

Companies that have the potential will continue to improve by making innovations, being creative and innovating. So that it is expected to obtain qualified funding. This qualified funding will certainly be referred to by looking at the corporate governance structure and the level of underpricing for companies conducting Initial Public Offering (IPO). In achieving the company's goals, many theories put forward by experts. One of them is signaling theory. This theory explains that the existence of a good corporate governance structure, when a company conducts an IPO. This is a positive signal for investors to get involved in a company. Important points in corporate governance include the number of commissioners, dependent commissioners, ownership concentration and institutional ownership. The method used is comparative causal research using multiple regression analysis. Sample 62 observations in companies that have IPO from 2011 to 2016. The results show the number of members of the board of commissioners, the level of independence of the board of commissioners has a significant effect on underpricing. however, the concentration of ownership and institutional ownership has no significant effect on underpricing.

ESG for SMEs: Can the Proposal 2021/0104 for a European Directive Help in the Early Detection of a Crisis?

With the proposal for a European Directive 2021/0104, the number of entities who will be required to prepare a non-financial statement (NFS) has been broadened. The directive provides that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may also voluntarily opt for drawing up a non-financial statement. It is therefore important to identify reporting standards containing key performance indicators (KPIs), tailored to the characteristics and structure of SMEs. In addition to the potential advantages in terms of improvement in relationships with stakeholders, NFI could be relevant for an early diagnosis of crisis signals therefore, an early warning behavior. This paper, therefore, aims to analyze how non-financial information can be a valuable aid to all governance players in identifying those first signs of crisis. In Italy, Organismo Italiano Business Reporting (OIBR) is drafting a document that promotes the use and communication of non-financial information on the part of SMEs with the dual objective of demonstrating that corporate governance structure on the one hand, and management and accounting tools on the other should be adequately designed and functioning so as to prevent a company’s exposure to the risk of failing to operate as a going concern.

Corporate Governance Structure and Performance in the Tourism Industry in the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Study of Chinese Listed Companies in China

All industries around the world have been greatly impacted by the 2019 COVID-19 outbreak. China’s tourism market was almost suspended. Tourism enterprises generally face difficulties in the form of low capital turnover and increased operating pressure, and the overall tourism industry is showing a downturn in its development. In this study, we construct a quasi-natural experiment with the COVID-19 pandemic in public health emergencies using a propensity score matching difference in differences model (PSM-DID) to match the treatment group of tourism enterprises and the control group of non-tourism enterprises. We empirically test that the COVID-19 pandemic has produced a more severe impact on the performance of tourism enterprises than other industries. Further analysis shows that given different enterprise equity natures, the characteristics of the board, supervision, and executive salary incentive levels, the COVID-19 pandemic has a heterogeneous impact on the operating performance of tourism enterprises.

Failure of Lehman Brothers

This study assessed the failure of the Lehman brothers. The aim was to evaluate the causes of Lehman's bankruptcy and determine the strategies that could prevent bankruptcy in the banking sector going forward. Findings indicated a close relationship between regulations and the actions of management. In particular, the failure of Lehman showed that regulation and supervision are critical to the success and continuity of the banking sector. The analysis also showed that the demise of Lehman was a result of complex factors. These included unethical management practices, deregulation, excessive risk-taking, poor corporate governance structure, fraud, and lack of a robust ethics code. Keywords: Derivatives, Hedging, Subprime Mortgage, Bankruptcy.

Struktur Corporate Governance dan Ukuran Perusahaaan Mempengaruhi Kinerja Perusahaan pada Jakarta Islamic Indeks

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of institutional ownership, board of directors, and audit committee, which are proxies of corporate governance structure, and firm size on firm performance. Company performance is measured using profitability. The sample of this study, companies listed in the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) from 2017 to 2018. The ROA data in this study ignores the positive and negative ROA values. Hypothesis testing using regression analysis found empirical evidence that institutional ownership and board of directors variables do not affect ROA. While the audit committee variable has a positive effect on ROA, the firm size variable negatively impacts ROA. Keywords : Institutional Ownership; Board Of Directors; Audit Committee; Company Size; ProfitabilityCorrespondence to : [email protected] Tujuan penelitian ini menguji pengaruh kepemilikan institusional, dewan direksi, dan komite audit yang merupakan proksi struktur corporate governance, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Kinerja perusahaan diukur menggunakan profitabilitas. Sampel penelitian ini, perusahaan yang terdaftar dalam Jakarta Islamic Indeks (JII) selama periode 2017 sampai 2018. Data ROA dalam penelitian ini mengabaikan nilai ROA positif dan negatif. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi ditemukan bukti empiris bahwa variabel kepemilikan institusional dan dewan direksi tidak berpengaruh terhadap ROA. Sedangkan variabel komite audit berpengaruh positif terhadap ROA, dan variabel ukuran perusahaan berpengaruh negatif terhadap ROA.Kata kunci : Kepemilikan Institusional; Dewan Direksi; Komite Audit; Ukuran Perusahaan; Profitabilitas

ASSOCIATION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND TAX COMPLIANCE OF INDONESIA STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES

This study aims to explore the association of SOE monitoring and corporate governance variables and the tax compliance of Indonesian State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs). The samples of this study are SOEs in 2009-2018 listed on the official website of the Ministry of SOEs that have all required data. The data is analyzed using ordinary least square to test the hypothesis with STATA statistical analysis software. The results show that SOEs that receive PSO (Public Service Obligation) and listed on the stock exchange are more tax compliant compared to others. However, the study found no evidence that the governance structure of SOEs affects tax compliance. The data shows that most SOEs still do not have governance structure that comply the regulations. The findings imply that external monitoring received by PSO recipients and listed SOEs improve SOEs tax compliance. Moreover, the findings also imply that SOEs’ corporate governance structure is only a formality and does not take its functions seriously.

The Effect of Firm Size and Corporate Governance Structure on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosures

The purpose of this study is to empirically prove the effect of firm size and corporate governance structure (such as board of commissioner size, institutional ownership and managerial ownership) on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure. The samples in this study were the mining companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017-2019 using the purposive sampling method. Based on the criteria, there were 58 samples of research data. The data analysis technique used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicated that company size, institutional ownership, and managerial ownership have no effect on CSR disclosure. Meanwhile, the size of the board of commissioners has a positive effect on CSR disclosure.