scholarly journals A MANIFESTATION OF GENOTYPE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS AT THE LEVEL OF INDICES VARIABILITY OF 17-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE IN THE BLOOD AND SOMATIC GROWTH OF CHILDREN DURING EARLY NEONATAL PERIOD

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
G.V. Chernova ◽  
V.V. Sidorov ◽  
M.A. Timofeeva ◽  
V.V. Petrosyan ◽  
L.V. Shiryaeva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Somatic Growth ◽  
Growth Indices ◽  
Early Neonatal Period ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

We studied manifestation peculiarities of 17-hydroxyprogestron in the morning blood of children in the early neonatal period of development. An assessment of the hormone parameters variation depending on the time of their birth in the implementation of genetic and environmental factors effects was carried out. The intergroup differences in 17-OHProgesterone concentration determined by them were not always associated with the somatic growth indices variability. We presented data indicating that this dependence was regulated at the level of growing organism integrating systems.

scholarly journals The genetic and environmental etiology of child maltreatment in a parent-based extended family design

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Pittner ◽  
Marinus H. van Ijzendoorn ◽  
Lenneke R. A. Alink ◽  
Renate S. M. Buisman ◽  
Laura H. C. G. C. Compier-de Block ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

AbstractChild maltreatment has been associated with various cumulative risk factors. However, little is known about the extent to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual differences between parents in perpetrating child maltreatment. To estimate the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to perpetrating maltreatment we used a parent-based extended family design. Child-reported perpetrated maltreatment was available for 556 parents (283 women) from 63 families. To explore reporter effects (i.e., child perspective on maltreatment), child reports were compared to multi-informant reports. Based on polygenic model analyses, most of the variance related to the perpetration of physical abuse and emotional neglect was explained by common environmental factors (physical abuse: c2 = 59%, SE = 12%, p = .006; emotional neglect: c2 = 47%, SE = 8%, p < .001) whereas genetic factors did not significantly contribute to the model. For perpetrated emotional abuse, in contrast, genetic factors did significantly contribute to perpetrated emotional abuse (h2 = 33%, SE = 8%, p < .001), whereas common environment factors did not. Multi-informant reports led to similar estimates of genetic and common environmental effects on all measures except for emotional abuse, where a multi-informant approach yielded higher estimates of the common environmental effects. Overall, estimates of unique environment, including measurement error, were lower using multi-informant reports. In conclusion, our findings suggest that genetic pathways play a significant role in perpetrating emotional abuse, while physical abuse and emotional neglect are transmitted primarily through common environmental factors. These findings imply that interventions may need to target different mechanisms dependings on maltreatment type.

Genetic opportunities for psychiatric epidemiology: on life stress and depression

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Danese
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Causal Pathways ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

SummaryAims– Genetics can offer new resources to epidemiology. This review will consider recent findings regarding the link between stress and depression as an example to illustrate the added value of employing genetics in epidemiological studies.Methods– Systematic review of medical and psychological databases.Results– Genetic and environmental factors may correlate. This suggests the potential for genetic mediation of the exposure to the environment. Gene-environment correlations can help epidemiologists to better understand causal pathways and suggest effective therapeutic strategies. Genetic and environmental factors may also interact. This suggests the potential for genetic modification of environmental effects on disease risk. Gene-environment interactions can help epidemiologists to identify vulnerable individuals and strata-specific environmental effects.Conclusions– New models of disease based on the interplay between genes and environments are providing epidemiology with a new set of testable hypotheses that will advance our understanding of mental health and illness.Declaration of Interest:Dr. Danese is holder of the Wellcome Trust Research Training Fellowship in Clinical Science.

Reductionist thinking and animal models in neuropsychiatric research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Developmental Genetic ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Plasticity

AbstractReductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.

A Case of Congenital Glucose Galactose Malabsorption with a New Mutation in the SLC5A1 Gene

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Akduman ◽  
Dilek Dilli ◽  
Serdar Ceylaner
Keyword(s):  
Mutation Analysis ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Homozygous Mutation ◽  
New Mutation ◽  
Early Neonatal Period ◽  
Sodium Dependent ◽  
Hypernatremic Dehydration

AbstractCongenital glucose-galactose malabsorption (CGGM) is an autosomal recessive disorder originating from an abnormal transporter mechanism in the intestines. It was sourced from a mutation in the SLC5A1 gene, which encodes a sodium-dependent glucose transporter. Here we report a 2-day-old girl with CGGM who presented with severe hypernatremic dehydration due to diarrhea beginning in the first hours of life. Mutation analysis revealed a novel homozygous mutation NM_000343.3 c.127G > A (p.Gly43Arg) in the SLC5A1 gene. Since CGGM can cause fatal diarrhea in the early neonatal period, timely diagnosis of the disease seems to be essential.

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