scholarly journals CONTRIBUTING FACTORS TO THE VIOLENT BEHAVIOUR IN VARIOUS SOCIAL CONTEXTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Mariana STANCIU ◽  
◽  
Adina MIHAILESCU ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Violent Behaviour

scholarly journals Association of Child Mental Health with Child and Family Characteristics in Rural China: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5107
Author(s):  
Huan Wang ◽  
Cody Abbey ◽  
Xinshu She ◽  
Scott Rozelle ◽  
Xiaochen Ma
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Mental Health ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Assessing the mental health problems encountered by school children and understanding the contributing factors are crucial to inform strategies aimed at improving mental health in low-resource contexts. However, few studies have investigated the mental health problems among disadvantaged children in poorer countries. This study examines the prevalence of mental health problems in rural China and their association with child and family characteristics. The study uses survey data from 9696 children in 120 rural primary schools and measures child mental health using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Overall, 17.9% of the sample children were found to be in the abnormal range of the SDQ total difficulties scores. The mean score was 12.93 (SD = 4.94). Abnormal scores were associated with child and family characteristics, including older child age (Odds Ratio, OR = 0.704, 95% CI: 0.611, 0.810; p < 0.001), gender (OR = 1.235, 95% CI: 1.112, 1.371; p < 0.001), and academic performance (OR = 0.421, 95% CI: 0.369, 0.480; p < 0.001). Reading time was found to be protective for mental health. Risk factors include excessive screen time (OR = 1.685, 95% CI: 1.409, 2.016; p < 0.001) and being bullied (OR = 3.695, 95% CI: 3.301, 4.136; p < 0.001). Our study suggests that future mental health illness prevention programs in rural China should consider targeting different aspects of children’s social contexts.

scholarly journals Influence of Long-Term Communist Confrontation on Inducing Changes in Society and Musical Culture of Hmong Ethnic Group in Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Komphorn Prachumwan ◽  
Chalermpol Ataso
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Musical Cultures ◽  
Original Musical ◽  
Culture Tradition

The ethnic group &lsquo;Hmong&rsquo;, the descendants of Chinese &lsquo;Miao&rsquo; group who migrated south to reside in Northern Thailand, is known to possess their own unique arts, culture, tradition, and music. However, the influence of social change seemed to largely affect the musical culture of Hmong ethnic, Khao Kho District, Phetchabun Province, in a multifactorial manner. Through different phases of a series of communist wars, the original musical cultures were subjected to the cumulative changes of social contexts, evolving toward modernization, at a great extent. In addition, not only the social changes have had a large impact on the Hmong ethnic&rsquo;s musical cultures, but also on their ritual performances that require music as its core. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of social changes on musical culture by identifying the key contributing factors that determined Hmong&rsquo;s musical performances and appreciation based on their historical features.

scholarly journals Stranger Under Siege

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Gordon Wilson Maples
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
State University ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Student Body ◽  
University System Of Georgia ◽  
Perceived Benefit ◽  
2016 Election ◽  
The University ◽  
Political Turmoil

This case study and analysis explores the brief, 17-month tenure of Sam Olens as President of Kennesaw State University, including his controversial appointment, leadership mis-steps, and eventual resignation. The political and social contexts of his tenure, which coincided with political turmoil in the wake of the 2016 election and a subsequent resurgence in progressive activism throughout the country, are considered as contributing factors to his downfall. Likewise, his status as an outsider to higher education at the time of his appointment, his visibility as an outspoken conservative, and his employment being the perceived benefit of political corruption are all noted as a contributing elements to his inability to earn the confidence of the faculty and student body of Kennesaw State University, along with his divisive, misguided, and ill-conceived actions while in his executive position. The role of institutional context in regards to the recent histories of Kennesaw State University, the University System of Georgia, and the state of shared governance in American higher education as a whole are respectively explored in how they set the stage for Olens’ tumultuous and temporary reign at Kennesaw State. A set of recommended courses of action are presented as counterfactual alternatives to the events as they actually occurred, based on higher education leadership literature.

scholarly journals Consideraciones teóricas y metodológicas para investigar sobre deserción escolar

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Román Hernández –Dávila ◽  
Waditt Enrique Díaz- Abdala
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
School Management ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
School Dropouts ◽  
Student Teacher Relationship ◽  
Methodological Considerations

ResumenEste trabajo ofrece un exhaustivo análisis de diferentes autores y experiencias de investigación relacionadas con criterios generales y metodológicos sobre los motivos que generan la deserción escolar, principalmente en ámbitos vulnerables, para lo cual es necesario reflexionar sobre el problema con la intención de describir las variables que lo ocasionan. En estas situaciones inciden diversos elementos que abarcan desde la organización de los sistemas educativos, la aplicación de políticas públicas, las condiciones del contexto social, la situación familiar e individual,  la salud, los efectos psicológicos y afectivos involucrados y las pautas culturales que envuelven a las familias de los menores, hasta la gestión escolar y la relación de los estudiantes con los docentes. Como aporte de esta revisión se ofrece una serie de propuestas útiles en la generación de cambios en las dinámicas educativas enfocadas en la superación de la deserción escolar. Se asume que la investigación sobre deserción se debe emprender desde una concepción cualitativa, con características hermenéuticas, que permitan interpretar con fehaciencia el fenómeno a estudiar. Esta base metodológica tiene fundamentos etnográficos, pues requiere revisar aspectos específicos propios del contexto sociocultural presentes en las variables sujetas a investigación. Los trabajos de esta naturaleza deben explicar los factores determinantes de la deserción escolar en un ámbito específico de estudio, describirlos y generar una base de datos e información que visualice los indicadores de las causas generadoras del fenómeno.Palabras clave: contextos sociales vulnerables, deserción escolar, gestión escolar, metodología cualitativa Theoretical and methodological considerations to investigate school dropoutAbstractThis work offers an exhaustive analysis of different authors and studies– falling under general and methodological criteria – of the reasons responsible for school dropouts, predominantly in vulnerable areas. To do so it is necessary to reflect on the problem with the intention of identifying the contributing factors. In these situations, various elements come into play, ranging from the organization of education systems, application of public policies, social conditions, the individual’s situation, health, the psychological and emotional impact, as well as the cultural patterns that may in compass the minor’s family, student-teacher relationship and school management. As an addition, a series of useful proposals is offered in bringing about change in the educational sector, focused on the reducing of school dropouts. It is assumed that research about dropouts should be undertaken from a qualitative concept, with hermeneutical characteristics, that allow the phenomenon under study to be interpreted reliably. This methodological basis has ethnographic foundations since it requires the reviewing of specific aspects of the socio cultural context present in the factors subject to investigation. Works of this nature should identify the determinants of school dropouts in a specific line of inquiry, describe them, and generate a database that displays the indicators of the causes that create this phenomenon.Keywords: vulnerable social contexts, school dropout, school management, qualitative methodology Considerações teóricas e metodológicas para investigar o abandono escolarResumoEste trabalho oferece uma análise exaustiva de diferentes autores e experiências de pesquisa relacionadas a critérios gerais e metodológicos sobre os motivos que levam ao abandono escolar,principalmente em áreas vulneráveis, para as quais é necessário refletir sobre o problema com a intenção de descrever as variáveis que eles causam isso. Nessas situações, vários elementos que vão desde a organização dos sistemas educacionais, a aplicação das políticas públicas, as condições do contexto social, a situação familiar e individual, a saúde, os efeitos psicológicos e afetivos envolvidos e os padrões culturais que cercam as famílias dos menores, até a gestão da escola e a relação dos alunos com os professores. Como contribuição desta revisão, uma série de propostas úteis são oferecidas na geração de mudanças nas dinâmicas educacionais voltadas para a superação de abandono escolar. Supõe-se que a pesquisa sobre deserção deve ser realizada a partir de uma concepção qualitativa, com características hermenêuticas, que permitam que o fenômeno seja estudado para ser interpretado com fé. Esta base metodológica tem fundamentos etnográficos, uma vez que requer a revisão de aspectos específicos do contexto sociocultural presente nas variáveis sujeitas à pesquisa. Os trabalhos desta natureza devem explicar os determinantes do abandono escolar em um campo de estudo específico, descrevê-los e gerar um banco de dados e informações que visualizam os indicadores das causas que geram o fenômeno.

scholarly journals Intentions with actions: The role of intentionality attribution on the vicarious sense of agency in human-robot interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Roselli ◽  
Francesca Ciardo ◽  
Agnieszka Wykowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sense Of Agency ◽  
Intentional Stance ◽  
Action Representation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Intentional Binding ◽  
Robot Interaction

Sense of Agency (SoA) is the feeling of control over one’s actions and their consequences. In social contexts, people experience a “vicarious” SoA over other humans’ actions; however, the phenomenon disappears when the other agent is a computer. The present study aimed to investigate factors that determine when humans experience vicarious SoA in human-robot interaction (HRI). To this end, in two experiments we disentangled two potential contributing factors: (1) the possibility of representing the robot’s actions, and (2) the adoption of Intentional Stance toward robots. Participants performed an Intentional Binding (IB) task reporting the time of occurrence for self- or robot-generated actions or sensory outcomes. To assess the role of action representation, the robot either performed a physical keypress (Experiment 1) or “acted” by sending a command via Bluetooth (Experiment 2). Before the experiment, attribution of intentionality to the robot was assessed. Results showed that when participants judged the occurrence of the action, vicarious SoA was predicted by the degree of attributed intentionality, but only when the robot’s action was physical. Conversely, digital actions elicited reversed effect of vicarious IB, suggesting that disembodied actions of robots are perceived as non-intentional. When participants judged the occurrence of the sensory outcome, vicarious SoA emerged only when the causing action was physical. Notably, intentionality attribution predicted vicarious SoA for sensory outcomes independently of the nature of the causing event, physical or digital. In conclusion, both intentionality attribution and action representation play a crucial role for vicarious SoA in HRI.

scholarly journals Intentions with actions: The role of intentionality attribution on the vicarious sense of agency in Human–Robot interaction

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110420
Author(s):  
Cecilia Roselli ◽  
Francesca Ciardo ◽  
Agnieszka Wykowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Contexts ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sense Of Agency ◽  
Intentional Stance ◽  
Action Representation ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Intentional Binding ◽  
Robot Interaction

Sense of Agency (SoA) is the feeling of control over one’s actions and their consequences. In social contexts, people experience a “vicarious” SoA over other humans’ actions; however, the phenomenon disappears when the other agent is a computer. This study aimed to investigate the factors that determine when humans experience vicarious SoA in Human–Robot Interaction (HRI). To this end, in two experiments, we disentangled two potential contributing factors: (1) the possibility of representing the robot’s actions and (2) the adoption of Intentional Stance towards robots. Participants performed an Intentional Binding (IB) task reporting the time of occurrence for self- or robot-generated actions or sensory outcomes. To assess the role of action representation, the robot either performed a physical keypress (Experiment 1) or “acted” by sending a command via Bluetooth (Experiment 2). Before the experiment, attribution of intentionality to the robot was assessed. Results showed that when participants judged the occurrence of the action, vicarious SoA was predicted by the degree of attributed intentionality, but only when the robot’s action was physical. Conversely, digital actions elicited the reversed effect of vicarious IB, suggesting that disembodied actions of robots are perceived as non-intentional. When participants judged the occurrence of the sensory outcome, vicarious SoA emerged only when the causing action was physical. Notably, intentionality attribution predicted vicarious SoA for sensory outcomes independently of the nature of the causing event, physical or digital. In conclusion, both intentionality attribution and action representation play a crucial role for vicarious SoA in HRI.

The Influence of Language Context on Repetitive Speech Use in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Gladfelter ◽  
Cassidy VanZuiden
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Language Context

Purpose Although repetitive speech is a hallmark characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the contributing factors that influence repetitive speech use remain unknown. The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine if the language context impacts the amount and type of repetitive speech produced by children with ASD. Method As part of a broader word-learning study, 11 school-age children with ASD participated in two different language contexts: storytelling and play. Previously collected language samples were transcribed and coded for four types of repetitive speech: immediate echolalia, delayed echolalia, verbal stereotypy, and vocal stereotypy. The rates and proportions of repetitive speech were compared across the two language contexts using Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests. Individual characteristics were further explored using Spearman correlations. Results The children produced lower rates of repetitive speech during the storytelling context than the play-based context. Only immediate echolalia differed between the two contexts based on rate and approached significance based on proportion, with more immediate echolalia produced in the play-based context than in the storytelling context. There were no significant correlations between repetitive speech and measures of social responsiveness, expressive or receptive vocabulary, or nonverbal intelligence. Conclusions The children with ASD produced less immediate echolalia in the storytelling context than in the play-based context. Immediate echolalia use was not related to social skills, vocabulary, or nonverbal IQ scores. These findings offer valuable insights into better understanding repetitive speech use in children with ASD.

Linguistic Interactions: A Therapeutic Consideration for Adults With Aphasia

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Lynn E. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Interaction Models ◽  
Social Communities ◽  
Wernicke's Aphasia ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Therapeutic Consideration ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction ◽  
Structural Language

Abstract Linguistic interaction models suggest that interrelationships arise between structural language components and between structural and pragmatic components when language is used in social contexts. The linguist, David Crystal (1986, 1987), has proposed that these relationships are central, not peripheral, to achieving desired clinical outcomes. For individuals with severe communication challenges, erratic or unpredictable relationships between structural and pragmatic components can result in atypical patterns of interaction between them and members of their social communities, which may create a perception of disablement. This paper presents a case study of a woman with fluent, Wernicke's aphasia that illustrates how attention to patterns of linguistic interaction may enhance AAC intervention for adults with aphasia.

1118: The Incidence and Duration of Postoperative Ileus in Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy. A Multivariate Analysis of Contributing Factors

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 303-303
Author(s):  
Diana Wiessner ◽  
Rainer J. Litz ◽  
Axel R. Heller ◽  
Mitko Georgiev ◽  
Oliver W. Hakenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Postoperative Ileus ◽  
Contributing Factors

Blood Pressure and Contributing Factors in Inhabitants of Estonia: 15-year Trends

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
JELENA ABINA ◽  
OLGA VOLOZH ◽  
ELEONORA SOLODKAYA ◽  
MERILEID SAAVA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Contributing Factors
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