scholarly journals The architecture of the former Carmelite Monastery in the Mali Dorohostai village in Volhynia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 077-082
Author(s):  
Petro Rychkov
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
First World War ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Historic Cities ◽  
First World

Monasteries of the Roman Catholic order of the Carmelites were well-represented in the historic cities of Volhynia (e.g. Berdychiv, Dubno, Vyshnivets, Kisilin, Lutsk, etc.). One of them was built in the Mali Dorohostai village, which currently is a part of the Mlyniv district in Rivne Oblast of Ukraine. This monastery, built in the mid-18th century, was closed in the 1830s, and then adapted by the Russian Tsar for the use of Orthodox Church. During the first World War, it was completely destroyed. The architecture of this monastery is almost forgotten in modern historiography. The recently discovered archival drawings from the first half of the 19th century give a good idea of the stylistic and structural characteristics of the no longer existing monastery.

Institutional reversals and economic growth: Palestine 1516–1948

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW SCHEIN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Private Property ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The People ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First World

Abstract:This study examines the type and quality of institutions in Palestine and the correlation between the institutions and economic growth in Palestine from 1516 to 1948. Initially in the 16th century, with the Ottoman conquest of the area, institutions in Palestine involved de facto private user-rights. The level of expropriation by elites was low, and this enabled the people to develop the lands that they had acquired the right to cultivate. In the 17th and 18th centuries, with the exception of the Galilee in the middle of the 18th century, institutions became extractive due to tax farming, rapacious governors and Bedouin raids. From the middle of the 19th century until 1948, there was a second reversal back to private property institutions, first slowly until the First World War, and then more rapidly under the British Mandate after the First World War. When there were private property institutions the economy prospered, while when there were extractive institutions, the economy stagnated.

Arcybiskup generał brygady Sawa (Sowietow) 1898–1951: duszpasterz, żołnierz, obywatel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Grzybowski
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
First World War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Religious Service ◽  
World War ◽  
Military Chaplain ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

The books presents the life of archbishop brygadier general Sawa (Sowietow). The author explores its successive stages: young years during the First World War, priesthood in the Second Polish Republic, wanderings during the Second World War, service in Polish Armed Forces in the West (as the chief military chaplain of the Orthodox Church), and religious service among Polish citizens abroad after the Yalta Conference.

David Jones’ In Parenthesis as an Intercultural Space

Tekstualia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (51) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Jean Ward
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Visual Artist ◽  
In Parenthesis ◽  
First World ◽  
Poetic Work

In the epic poetic work In Parenthesis, published just before the outbreak of World War II, the forgotten British modernist David Jones, better known as a visual artist, presented a semi-fi ctional account of his experiences as a rank-and-fi le soldier in the London- Welsh Battalion of the British army during World War I. The author, like one of the heroes of his work, was at the front from December 1915 to July 2016, when he was wounded on the fi rst day of the long offensive on the Somme. By origin Jones was half- -Londoner and half-Welsh – and both of these „halves”, which were refl ected in the composition of his battalion, were important to him. He was also by upbringing an Anglican but by choice a Roman Catholic. The offi ces of the Catholic chaplain and the faith of the ordinary Catholics to which he was witness as a soldier played a considerable part in his conversion. He strove to embody in words the particular character of the speech and culture of all the members of the battalion, regardless of their origin or religious affi liation. He also showed respect and tenderness not only towards the culture of the country in which the battles were fought – France – but also even towards „the enemy front-fi ghters”, to whom, along with his friends from the British side, he dedicated In Parenthesis. Under his hand, the trenches of the First World War become a truly intercultural space.

scholarly journals THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF LEGAL AND REGULATORY LEGISLATION ON PRESERVATION OF HEALTH IN QUARANTINE CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 465-468
Author(s):  
Oksana Shukatka ◽  
Illya Kryvoruchko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
First World War ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First World

The article raises an issue of preservation and strengthening health in pandemic conditions, because self-isolation and restrictions on the movement of people cause the loss of physical activity and the emergence of chronic diseases. It is known that all quarantine restrictions and rules are being created and regulated by the state at the legislative level. We appeal to the primary sources of quarantine legislation for deeper understanding of the issue. The purpose of the article is to investigate the historical background of legal and regulatory legislation on preservation of health in quarantine conditions. The following methods of analysis have been used: comparison and synthesis of theoretical data. The period of formation of quarantine legislation is divided into 3 phases: the period of the Middle Ages, the period before the First World War (the 19th century) and the postwar period. The article investigates the history of conduction of the first quarantine measures in Europe during the Middle Ages and the history of creation of the first quarantine legislation in Venice, Hetmanshchyna and the Russian Empire during the 14th – 18th centuries. It has been revealed that the rules of the fight against the spread of epidemiological diseases were established in the 19th century, the first international sanitary conventions and medical authorities in the Russian and Ottoman Empires were created to slow the spread of such dangerous diseases as cholera, plague and yellow fever, not harming the free international trade at that time. The article analyses the results of the first (1851), the fourth (1874) and the seventh (1892) International Sanitary Conferences and the positive and negative consequences of them. It also describes the creation of the first international medical organisations, such as the Office International d'Hygiène Publique (L'Office International d'Hygiene Publique), established in 1907, the Health Organization of the League of Nations, established in 1923 after the First World War, the Hygiene Committee of the League of Nations, established in 1926, and the World Health Organisation (WHO), established in April, 7, 1948 as the medical authority of the United Nations Organisation. The article generalizes the aims of the above-mentioned organisations and their contribution to the combat against the epidemiological diseases of the first half of the 20th century. It has been concluded that we should adhere to the classical principles of the preservation of health in the conditions of coronavirus pandemic to effectively withstand the spread of this virus.

scholarly journals THE TREATIES OF POŽAREVAC AND THEIR IMPACT ON EUROPE

2019 ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
HARALD HEPPNER
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
First World War ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
The Political ◽  
World War ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Knowledge Culture ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

This article focuses on the three treaties which were signed in 1718 in Požarevac between Vienna, Constantinople and Venice. The reason for this is the large and long impact which can be observed until the present day, not only regarding these three powers or the Balkans, but the whole Europe. Although the political, juridical, economic and social consequences of these treaties ended mostly at the end of the First World War, the communication infrastructure, the knowledge culture and the mental effects have kept their actuality since the 18th century until today.

The Orthodox Church of Cyprus, Enosis politics and the British authorities during the First World War

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-153
Author(s):  
Anastasia Yiangou
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
First World War ◽  
Great War ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
State Relations ◽  
Colonial Government ◽  
The Great War ◽  
First World

This article examines relations between the Orthodox Church of Cyprus and the British colonial government during the First World War. I argue that the Great War constituted the first turning point in Church-State relations during colonial rule in Cyprus which, following other developments, finally collapsed during the 1950s. I discuss how the dynamic of the Enosis movement for the union of Cyprus with Greece was bolstered during the Great War. This in turn, the article will show, had significant repercussions on the attitudes of the Orthodox Church and the British authorities, transformed their relationship and opened the way for future developments.

Ethno-cultural Nature of the East Slavic Population of Gabsburg Empire as Covered in the “Russkaya Pravda” Journal (Chernovtsy, 1910–1913)

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 368-377
Author(s):  
Oleg G. Kazak
Keyword(s):  
Information Source ◽  
First World War ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
First World

The article examines «Russkaya Pravda» («Russian Truth») journal publications issued in Chernovtsi in 1910–1913. This periodical advocated the idea that the East Slavic population of the Habsburg monarchy (Bukovina, Galicia, Ugric Rus) belonged to the common all-Russian national-cultural community. The main issue covered in «Russkaya Pravda» publications was that of the nature of the Ukrainian national movement somewhat supported by the authorities. The periodical analyzed the main mechanisms of all-Russian movement suppression in Austria-Hungary (namely, the ban on Russophile institutions, manipulations during the 1910 population census, numerous violations and abuses during the parliamentary campaign of 1911, persecution of the Orthodox Church). «Russkaya Pravda» journal is a valuable information source on the history of the East Slavic population of the Habsburg monarchy on the verge of the First World War.

Jüdisches Leben zwischen Toleranz, Integration und Antisemitismus

2021 ◽  
pp. 523-553
Author(s):  
Christoph Lind
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Revolution Of 1848 ◽  
First World

Jewish Life between Tolerance, Integration, and Anti-Semitism. In the 18th century, Jews were strictly forbidden to settle in Lower Austria, with the exception of Vienna. Only the Toleranzpatent of 1782 made this possible, again under certain conditions. Free movement in the wake of the revolution of 1848 led to the immigration of Jews, mainly from Bohemia, Moravia and Hungary. By 1908, they had founded 15 Kultusgemeinden (Jewish communities), with the associated religious infrastructure, throughout the country. The constitution of 1867 finally made them citizens with the same rights as the majority society. However, anti-Semitism fundamentally questioned their successful integration and physical existence in Lower Austria. Jews, however, did not accept these attacks without resistance, but defended themselves with the means available under the rule of law. During the First World War, they contributed to the ultimately futile war efforts of the Monarchy. They welcomed peace in 1918, but had to look to the future with concern, faced with an anti-Semitism that was more aggressive than ever.

Two Strategies in Serbian Politics in Croatia and Hungary before the First World War

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Miller
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
First World War ◽  
The Political ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World ◽  
Recent Attention

With the recent attention given to the breakup of Yugoslavia, it is important to emphasize that the Serbs of Croatia and Hungary have always feared, rightly or wrongly, for their cultural, economic, and physical existence. The most prominent Serbian political parties in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the Habsburg monarchy staked their reputations on their ability to defend the Serbian nation from cultural assimilation. The parties examined in this article were no exception. They believed that their primary task was to assure the continued existence of a Serbian nationality in Croatia and Hungary. In this article, the politics surrounding the Serbian Orthodox church in the Habsburg monarchy will provide the framework for an analysis and comparison of the political strategies of the two largest Serbian parties in Croatia and Hungary, the Independent and Radical parties.

scholarly journals CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN GLIGORIJE JEFTANOVIĆ AND THE GREAT ADMINISTRATIVE AND EDUCATIONAL COUNCIL IN 1919

2019 ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
BOŠKO M. BRANKOVIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
First World War ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Deputy Chairman ◽  
First World

The paper follows the correspondence between Gligorije Jeftanović and the Great Administrative and Educational Council in the year 1919. The first part of the text presents the correspondence where the Great Administrative and Educational Council requests an opinion from Jeftanović about the secession of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the Constantinople Patriarchate and merging with the Serbian Patriarchate. The second part of the text presents the correspondence that concerned Jeftanović’s membership in the Great Administrative and Educational Council and his pre-war position as the Deputy Chairman of the Great Administrative and Educational Council, from which he was removed by the occupation Austro-Hungarian authorities during the First World War and, as he claimed in the correspondence, with the assistance of people from the Great Administrative and Educational Council.

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