FEATURES OF TRAINING OF FUTURE INFORMATICS TEACHERS WORKING WITH THE GIT VERSION CONTROL SYSTEM GIT

Teamwork is the most important soft skill of the modern specialist, not to mention a teacher. It is also undisputed that skills development is very important to start at school, in particular at computer science lessons. Accordingly, a future teacher of computer science has to know version control systems and use one of them to organize collective student's work like in class and in the process of preparing for science competitions of the Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. This topic of the article is relevant because it doesn't fully describe in the scientific and methodological resources. The main goal of this article is to open the main features of teaching students to work with version control systems on the example of Git. The systematic approach was the methodological basis for the investigation discovery. But besides, the researcher analyzed, compared, and summarized the investigation and experience of the leading scientists. As the result of the article the author rise to the following conclusions that the knowledge of version control systems (in particular Git) is an important part of the preparation of computer science teachers; teaching students to work with such programs have to be combined with the study of programming; should be encouraged students to complete labs and case studies using Git; teachers have to demonstrate through examples the correct organization and culture of work with such programs. The writer is also considering using the GitHub Classroom service to organize the educational process subjects such as programming and page making of web pages.

MOTIVATION OF PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY PRESCHOOL AND PRIMARY EDUCATION TEACHERS

The relevance of the problem and task of modern society is to increase the motivation of teachers. Thus, the motivation of teachers' professional activity needs research. The purpose of the article is to study and compare the motivation of teachers' professional activity of preschool and primary education depending on the educational institution, its location, as well as the pedagogical experience of the respondents. Methods of the research: theoretical - in order to highlight the state of study and features of motivation of professional activity of teachers in preschool and primary education, formulation of conclusions of the study, etc. (comparison, generalization, etc.); empirical − to identify indicators of motivation (electronic survey, pedagogical observation); mathematical - to process the results using the computer program IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Results of the research: the attention of scientists (during 1970-2021, according to the Web of Science) is more focused on studying students' motivation than teachers' motivation. We conducted an online survey of 151 respondents (2019-2021). The Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient is equal to 0,830 (for the entire questionnaire). Most teachers of preschool (about 63%) and primary (about 77%) education have optimal motivational complexes, namely: internal motivation or external positive motivation prevails, or their values are the same, but greater than external negative motivation. The internal motivation of teachers prevails among other motivational complexes in the studied variants of comparison, namely depending on: the type of educational institutions of the respondents (preschool and primary education); from the pedagogical experience of the respondents, the location of educational institutions. We confirmed the formation of such (mostly optimal) motivational complexes for professional activities of teachers of preschool and primary education using the c2-criterion; did not find statistically significant differences in the studied indicators of motivation depending on the teaching experience, location of the educational institution.

THE ESSENCE AND FEATURES OF SOCIAL COMMISSIONING IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE

Relevance of the research problematics is proved by the social demand for acceleration of social commissioning implementation in Ukraine so as to respond to the ongoing pandemic COVID-19, armed conflict in Ukraine, long lasting tradition of institutional care for vulnerable people. The purpose of the article is to reveal the core of social commissioning linked to social work with families with children, to characterize dynamics of its implementation and development in Ukraine. Methods of research: the theoretical analysis of actual scientific sources, rated to the topic, is applied in the research together with desk review of a new international and national legislation. The methods of generalization and systematization were applied for definition of actual interpretation of “social commissioning” and its characteristics. The results of the research are as follows: The social commissioning is determined as an instrument for public regulation in the system of social service provision by means of contracting social service providers for satisfaction of social service needs identified within social service need assessment by entities of local self-government. Research attention is paid to the structure and key elements of social commissioning. Participants (сustomers, recipients and providers of social services), constituents (social character; contracting core and innovation value), and principles of social commissioning (result orientation; awareness; planning; priority to prevention and early intervention; partnership) are covered in the article. The procedural stages of social commissioning are also unpacked in the article (designing; implementation; monitoring and evaluation). Prospects for further research are the studies of barriers to the implementation of social commissioning and ways to overcome them, development and implementation of optimal algorithms for its implementation in a decentralized environment.

FORMATION OF SKILLS OF EFFECTIVE COOPERATION OF PARTICIPANTS DURING IMPLEMENTATION OF STEM-PROJECTS

The article is devoted to the analysis of the formation of skills of cooperation of participants of STEM-projects and the disclosure of the features of effective cooperation in order to implement an effective and high-quality STEM-project. In the era of digitalization of all spheres of life, young people need live communication and active interaction. The purpose of the article is to clarify the features of educational cooperation during the implementation of STEM-projects through the prism of personal development of each participant, analysis of ways to develop skills of effective cooperation in the implementation of STEM-projects. Applied research methods: theoretical analysis of literature sources; methods of analysis, synthesis to determine the categories of cooperation of STEM-project participants; methods of generalization and systematization in order to form their own views on the formation of skills of effective cooperation through the implementation of STEM-projects. That is why the article focuses on the educational cooperation of each participant during the implementation of STEM-projects through personal development. The specifics of the formation of student skills through cooperation in four aspects are revealed: cooperation between students; teaching; apprenticeship and teaching; apprenticeship, teaching and professionals. The development of technological skills is relevant both in professional activities and in school life. That is why the article focuses on cooperation through digital technologies. The positive aspects of the above-out cooperation are systematized and the negative ones are emphasized. The prospect of further research is the formation of technological skills and abilities of effective cooperation of students through the implementation of STEM-projects by distance learning.

FORMATION OF LITERARY COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN THE «SCHOOL COURSE OF FOREIGN LITERATURE WITH THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING IN HIGH SCHOOL»

The relevance of the problem lies in the fact that in line with the current trends in the development of society, it is necessary to state the fact of a decrease in interest in reading poetic and prose texts, even by those who choose philological specialties for training. Therefore, the question of how to interest a modern philologist student in a work of fiction is not illogical. The main task in solving this problem is to provide an opportunity to realize oneself involved in the creation of a new artistic environment and the opportunity to connect students of educational institutions to it. In this approach, it will be relevant and necessary to identify the types of artistic communication inherent in the work under study. While studying at a higher education institution, the teacher introduces students to the features of the school course of foreign literature in high school, provides a system of knowledge, professional skills and abilities necessary for practical activities in a modern school, forms the creative foundations of the personality of a word teacher. The development of professional and subject competencies will help future teachers develop flexible skills when teaching foreign literature at school. The purpose of the article is to highlight the importance of forming the literary competence of future teachers in the «school course of foreign literature with the methodology of teaching in high school» in educational institutions. As a result of the study, we note that attention should be focused on practical improvement of the learning process for the development of personal professional competence of future teachers of educational institutions. Training that is accompanied by a motivational effect is always effective. It is in the ability to interest High School students in information and communication technologies, differentiated learning, and an individual approach to the perception of both poetic, prose, and dramatic works that young people will read. Methods of research applied: analysis of psychological and pedagogical, professional literature on the research topic; empirical: generalization of pedagogical experience; observation and analysis of lessons taking into account the problem under study. In educational institutions, you can also use the cross-section method or the mass simultaneous survey method; the method of purposeful observation contributes to a detailed study of the course of the pedagogical process, in accordance with the problem and hypothesis set by researchers, the method of natural experiment (close to the method of observations); laboratory experiment, training program.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION IN THE USA

This article is devoted to the problem of alternative education. In modern society we observe really great changes in many fields: policy, economy, communication, international contacts etc. In such conditions the system of education can’t be the same as it was during the last two or three centuries. In response to the establishment of standardized and compulsory education alternative education grew up. The aim of the study is to investigate the development and to reveal the peculiarities of alternative education in the USA. Theoretical research methods have been used in this study: analysis of scientific sources for the: systematisation and generalisation of available data; defining of the essence of basic concepts; identification of the current state of the problem. The results of investigation give possibility to state that alternative school is an establishment with a curriculum and teaching methods that are unusual, nontraditional. Alternative pedagogical approaches may include different structures, as in the open classroom, different teacher-student relationship, as in the free schools and different curricula and teaching methods, as in the Waldorf and Montessori schools. Synonyms for the alternative in this context include non-traditional, non-conventional, non-standardized. In modern times the legal right to provide educational alternatives has become established in many countries. Among them such country as the United States is worth to be mentioned. In the USA a variety of educational alternatives exist at the elementary, secondary and some other levels in four categories: school choice, independent schools, home-based education or home-schooling, self-education. Some schools are based on the pedagogical approaches different from the mainstream pedagogy, while other schools are for gifted students, children with special needs, vulnerable children etc. Alternative schools appeared in the United States more than three centuries ago. They provide special educational conditions for the personal development of each pupil.

STUDENTS’ FUNDRAISING PROJECTS IN THE SYSTEM OF FUTURE SOCIAL WORKERS PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

The need for the development and content of students’ fundraising projects in the system of social workers professional training is substantiated. Based on the analysis of educational programs in the field 231 Social work (BSW and MSW), a conclusion is formulated on the lack of subjects on social fundraising in the content of social workers training. The basic principles, ethical requirements and essence of fundraising activity of social workers in the field of social protection of various groups of clients are defined. It is concluded that this activity requires specially formed professional knowledge and skills of a fundraiser, as well as developed personal qualities of a specialist capable to affect the volume, complex, algorithm of providing these resources in the planning, implementation and reporting of a social project. The content of knowledge, skills and abilities of social workers on fundraising design is clarified. The procedure and algorithm for students to develop educational projects in the process of studying the subject «Social Fundraising» (idea formulation, budget design, communication with donors, project implementation, reporting) are presented. The scope of knowledge, skills (informational, operational, design, reflective) and soft skills in the process of development of students' fundraising competence is characterized. Examples of tasks on practical classes on social fundraising are given. Tasks are aimed at forming students' theoretical knowledge of the course «Social Fundraising» (knowledge of basic concepts, principles and ethical norms of fundraising activities in the social sphere), as well as practical skills (development of fundraising projects related to socially vulnerable segments of the population; opinions on the feasibility of implementing a social project in the local or global dimension, creating a database of potential donors of a social project, developing a budget and chronology of the project, organizing appropriate communications with potential donors, etc.).

INTERCONNECTION OF INFORMATICS AND MATHEMATICS IN SCHOOL AT AN EARLY STAGE OF STUDY

The relevance of the chosen research topic is to highlight the issue related to the formation of algorithmic thinking in primary school students in computer science lessons. The aim of the article is to identify the role of computer science and mathematics in the formation of algorithmic thinking style. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: analysis, comparison, observation, synthesis. Statistical data processing was also used. The article states that the basis for algorithmic thinking is the formation of mathematical competence of junior high school students. In computer science lessons, students apply the acquired knowledge of mathematics by practical methods. Therefore, the appropriate level of students’ knowledge of mathematics is important. The article presents a table of success levels in mathematics and computer science for third and fourth graders of one of the primary schools in Uzhhorod. The level of success in studying mathematics was compared with the level of success in studying computer science by third-graders and similarly by fourth-graders. When comparing the two empirical distributions, we used the two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov agreement criterion. We have shown that the selected general populations are stochastically equivalent. Comparing the results of educational achievements in computer science and mathematics of students of 3rd and 4th grades, we came to the conclusion that the formation of mathematical competence helps in solving problems in computer science lessons that require logical thinking and algorithmic skills. We believe that more attention should be paid to the study of the basics of programming in school, the development of logical and algorithmic thinking in mathematics and computer science, as well as in elective classes.

EXPERIENCE OF ORGANIZATION OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION IN THE POLYCULTURAL ENVIRONMENT OF TRANSCARPATHIA IN 1919-1938

The transition of education from the traditional to the personality-oriented model, the introduction of the State Standard of Preschool Education challenge the training of educators for the work in new social environment in cnditions of multiculturalism, cultural diversity, bilingual education. The purpose of the article was to analyze the historical and cultural experience of the organization of preschool education in the multicultural environment of Transcarpathia in the period between the two world wars (1919−1938). Achieving the goal involved the application of various research methods: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization, systematization, classification), which were used to process archival sources, scientific and pedagogical literature and highlight the main features to characterize the process of preschool education in the study period. presentation of statistical data for a visual representation of the multicultural educational environment of preschool Transcarpathia being part of Czechoslovakia; search and bibliographic, used in the study for the interpretation of materials of archival and library collections, catalogs, descriptions, publications; system-historical − to consider the historical and cultural preconditions for the formation of theoretical foundations for the development of preschool education in Transcarpathia; historical-comparative − to compare the content, forms, methods of organization of preschool education of the studied period with the organizational and activity stage of realization of goals and objectives of preschool education in modern conditions of their modernization in the European context; interpretive − to determine the potential opportunities for the use of valuable assets of the analyzed experience of the organization of preschool education in a certain historical and cultural period in modern conditions. The results of study of experience of organizing preschool education in Transcarpathia in the Czechoslovak period make it possible to outline a range of ideas that can be implemented in the system of multicultural educational environment of modern preschool institutions.

SOCIAL VULNERABILITY OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS AS THE BASIS OF SOCIAL WORK WITH THEM

The article deals with basing of the necessity of social work with internally displaced persons (IDPs) in modern Ukraine, as not all of the problems of these people that have arisen as a result of forced resettlement have been resolved. The problem is in difference of the life trajectories of IDPs: some of migrants are in higher levels of income in the social hierarchy than residents of host communities, while others still live in collective housing in need of humanitarian assistance. Social differentiation within IDPs raises debates about the need to maintain common approaches to their social protection and social work with them. The purpose of this article is to prove the presence of signs of vulnerability in internally displaced persons, which necessitates the provision of social support by specialists working in the field of social work. To achieve this goal, the method of theoretical generalization and the method of deduction were used. The results of the study are the identification of such features of the social position of IDPs in Ukraine and features of their socio-psychological state, which evidence the presence of indicators of vulnerability, and therefore are the reason of social work with them in different areas. The presence of dual vulnerabilities in IDPs (the status of an orphan or a child deprived of parental care, a child or a person with a disability, a member of a family with many children, etc.) increases the need for social support from social services professionals.