scholarly journals STRATIFIKASI PENGGUNAAN TAJUK OLEH YAKI (Macaca nigra) DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO DUASUDARA SULAWESI UTARA

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Sylvia Laatung
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Local People ◽  
Habitat Condition ◽  
Hunting Pressure ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Macaca Nigra ◽  
The Future

THE USE OF SHOOT STRATIFICATION OF YAKI (Macaca nigra) at DUASUDARA TANGKOKO NATURE RESERVE NORTH SULAWESI. The Sulawesi black macaques (Macaca nigra) habitat at the Tangkoko and Duasudara Nature Reserves in North Sulawesi Indonesia has been the focus of periodic assessment since the late 1970s.  Ongoing habitat loss and hunting remain the primary threats to the macaques in these adjacent reserves.  Surveyed on habitat condition (including vegetation stratum utilization profile) and the interaction between yaki and local people around the nature reserve were conducted over a four-month period. Methods used diagram for habitat profile and interviewed for interaction between yaki and local people. They used stratum A and B frequently (65.21%) in the forest and prefer big trees, with many branch to sleep. The spread of population depends on the availability of resources in the forest. Without increased efforts to reduce hunting pressure and habitat loss, the future of this population is in question. Keywords: The use of shoot stratification, macaca nigra, nature reserve

scholarly journals LAJU DEGRADASI HABITAT MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) DI CAGAR ALAM GUNUNG DUASUDARA SULAWESI UTARA

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Hanry J. Lengkong
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Local People ◽  
Habitat Condition ◽  
Hunting Pressure ◽  
Macaca Nigra ◽  
Food And Drink

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati keadaan habitat dan penyebaran monyet hitam sulawesi di Cagar Alam Gunung Duasudara, dan aktivitas masyarakat yang terkait dengan keberadaan monyet hitam sulawesi di sekitar kawasan. Pengamatan kondisi habitat (termasuk profil penggunaan stratum vegetasi) dan interaksi antara monyet hitam sulawesi dan penduduk sekitar kawasan telah dilakukan selama 4 bulan (Mei sampai dengan Agustus 2006). Metode pengamatan habitat difokuskan pada penggunaan stratum vegetasi dan pohon tidur monyet hitam sulawesi dan hasilnya digambarkan dalam bentuk diagram profil habitat. Wawancara kepada masyarakat sekitar kawasan juga dilakukan untuk mendapatkan informasi aktivitas masyarakat yang berhubungan dengan monyet hitam sulawesi. Dua stratum yang paling banyak digunakan untuk beraktifitas adalah stratum A dan B. Persentase pemanfaatannya yaitu sebesar 65,21%. Karakteristik pohon yang digunakan sebagai pohon tidur antara lain dekat dengan sumber pakan dan minum, pohon yang tinggi dan besar, serta mempunyai percabangan yang banyak. Penyebaran populasi monyet hitam sulawesi tergantung pada ketersediaan sumber pakan dan perlindungan di dalam hutan. Tanpa usaha mengurangi perburuan dan perambahan hutan, populasi ini akan mengalami kepunahan.Kata DEGRADATION RATE OF Macaca nigra HABITATIN DUASUDARA NATURE RESERVE, NORTH SULAWESIABSTRACTThis research aimed to observe habitat condition and distribution of sulawesi-black macaques (Macaca nigra) in Duasudara Nature Reserve, and society activities that were related to existence of these macaques. A survey was conducted on the habitat condition (including utilization profile of vegetation stratum) and the interaction between macaques and local people around the nature reserve in May – Agustus 2006. Methods of observing habitat focused on using vegetation stratum and trees for sleepingly macaques. The results were presented as diagram of habitat profile. Activities of local people that were related to macaques were obtained by interviewing these people. Two stratum (A and B) were frequently used, i.e. 65,21%. For sleeping, they preferred trees which were close to source of food and drink, high and big with many branches. Population distribution of macaques depended on the availability of food resources and protected area in the forest. The efforts to reduce hunting pressure and habitat loss are required to prevent macaques extinction.

scholarly journals Changing populations of birds and mammals in North Sulawesi

Oryx ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G. O'Brien ◽  
Margaret F. Kinnaird
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Vertebrate Fauna ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Red Junglefowl ◽  
Macaca Nigra

The issues of habitat loss and hunting are of paramount importance to wildlife conservation in Asia. In Sulawesi, Indonesia, these problems are having a serious impact on the vertebrate fauna. Using line-transect methods, the densities of 11 species of large birds and mammals were compared between 1979 and 1994 in the Tangkoko-DuaSudara Nature Reserve in North Sulawesi. During those 15 years, populations ofanoa Bubalus depressicornis, bear cuscus Phalanger ursinus, crested black macaque Macaca nigra, maleo Macrocephalon maleo and red junglefowl Gallus gallus declined by 50–95 per cent while populations of Sulawesi pig Sus celebensis, Tabon scrubfowl Megapodius cumingii, Sulawesi tarictic hornbill Penelopides exarhatus and red-knobbed hornbill Aceros cassidix increased by 5–100 per cent. We considered hypotheses for these changes: habitat loss outside the reserve, habitat degradation inside the reserve, and hunting. Only hunting adequately explained the pattern of changing densities observed. Unless protection from hunting is enforced for these species, we may soon witness the demise of these unique animals in North Sulawesi and possibly throughout the island.

scholarly journals Ecotourism in the Tangkoko DuaSudara Nature Reserve: opening Pandora' box?

Oryx ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret F. Kinnaird ◽  
Timothy G. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Macaca Nigra ◽  
Visitor Numbers

Indonesia, like many other developing countries, is turning to ecotourism in an attempt to integrate the goals of development and nature conservation. Although ecotourism may be a valuable tool for preservation of biodiversity, it can have long-term negative effects on reserves, wildlife and local communities if improperly managed. In this study the authors evaluated ecotourism in the Tangkoko DuaSudara Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi, by examining trends in visitor numbers, the tourist experience, the distribution of tourist revenues, and tourist impact on the Sulawesi black macaque Macaca nigra and spectral tarsier Tarsier spectrum. The data collected showed that, although tourism is expanding rapidly, local benefits are not being fully realized, the reserve does not generate enough money to implement management, and primate behaviour is being affected. There is urgent need for a change in legal status of the reserve if ecotourism is to be managed. National park status would accommodate ecotourism planning and development, provide for greater participation by the local community, and allow for increased revenues for management.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI TINGKAH ALPHA MALE MONYET HITAM (Macaca nigra) DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Ryan G.H. Mondoringin ◽  
Rita S.H Wungow ◽  
Jantje Paath ◽  
Joice J.I Rompas
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Dominant Male ◽  
Alpha Male ◽  
Mating Activity ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Macaca Nigra ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Group 1

IDENTIFICATION OF ALPHA MALE BLACK MONKEY (Macaca nigra) BEHAVIOR IN THE NATURE RESERVE TANGKOKO. This study aims to get the latest specific data regarding behavior Alpha male / Rambo dominant male in the group 1 in the nature reserve Tangkoko. Materials used 1 Monkey Black Male Dominant (Alpha Male) in group 1 residing Rambo in Tangkoko Nature Reserve Batuangus Bitung, North Sulawesi. The data obtained are analyzed and presented descriptively in the form of graphs or histograms. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded as follows: (1) The most long-standing activity Alpha Male / Male Dominance in the morning is locomotion and foraging and agonistic. During the day are: foraging, locomotion, grooming, and inactive. (2) Activities are at least done either in the morning or during the day is the mating activity (coitus). (3) Behaviour Males Dominant Alpha Male is different from other black monkeys in one group   Keywords: Alpha Male (Macaca nigra), identification of behavior

scholarly journals Perilaku Harian Monyet Hitam Sulawesi (Macaca nigra) pada Masa Kebuntingan di Cagar Alam Tangkoko-Batuangus, Sulawesi Utara

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
ANDRE PASETHA ◽  
DYAH PERWITASARI FARAJALLAH ◽  
. GHOLIB
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
International Union ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Focal Animal ◽  
Macaca Nigra ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

Crested macaque (Macaca nigra), one of the seven endemic primates in Sulawesi is the most endangered macaque species that has been categorized as critically endangered by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, almost nothing is known about the reproductive biology in associated with the behavioral during pregnancy. The data is important to support a management and breeding programs such as pregnancy diagnostic and conservation program in this species. The research aimed was to study the behavior of the crested macaques during pregnancy. Observations were performed on the 10 adult females of the group of Rambo 1 (R1) which has been habituated at Tangkoko-Batuangus Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi. Behavioral data were collected using focal animal sampling and recorded using instantanaeous sampling on females during menstrual cycling, pregnancy, and after parturition (lactation). During five months observations, a total of 393.63 observation hours were recorded. The results showed that daily activities of the M. nigra during menstrual cycling were dominated by feeding (26.60%), foraging (15.95%), and locomotion (16.16%). Daily activities during pregnancy was dominated by feeding (27.03%), foraging (16.37%), and resting (13.45%), whereas after parturition (lactation) period is dominated by resting (26.12%), foraging (19.51%), and feeding (14.98%). The resting was the most activity in the end of pregnancy and few day after parturition. The diets were collected successfully composed of the fruits (34 species), arthropods (3 species, 2 families, 4 orders), fungi (4 genus), and plants (5 species). Climate was influenced on the composition of the diet, especially on fruit and arthropods. In conclusion, the activity budgets were different during menstrual cycling, pregnancy, and lactation, especially feeding, foraging, locomotion, and resting. 

Long-Term Population Survey of the Sulawesi Black Macaques (Macaca nigra) at Tangkoko Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
RANDALL C. KYES ◽  
ENTANG ISKANDAR ◽  
JANE ONIBALA ◽  
UMAR PAPUTUNGAN ◽  
SYLVIA LAATUNG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Survey ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Macaca Nigra

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS HARIAN DUA KELOMPOK MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO-BATUANGUS, SULAWESI UTARA

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Deidy Katili ◽  
Saroyo Saroyo
Keyword(s):  
Daily Activity ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Focal Animal ◽  
Macaca Nigra

PERBANDINGAN AKTIVITAS HARIAN DUA KELOMPOK MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO-BATUANGUS, SULAWESI UTARA Deidy Katili 1) dan Saroyo 1) 1)Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Jl. Kampus UNSRAT Manado 95115; e-mail: [email protected]   ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang perbandingan aktivitas harian dua kelompok monyet hitam Sulawesi (Macaca nigra) di Cagar Alam Tangkoko-Batuangus, Sulawesi Utara dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan frekuensi aktivitas harian pada kondisi habitat yang berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2009 pada dua kelompok Macaca nigra terhabituasi, yaitu kelompok Rambo I (KRI) dan kelompok Rambo II (KRII). KRI lebih banyak menempati hutan primer, sedangkan KRII lebih banyak menempati hutan sekunder dan semak belukar. Aktivitas harian dibedakan menjadi 5 kelas, yaitu makan (feeding), mencari makan (foraging), berpindah (moving), istirahat (resting), dan sosial (social). Data aktivitas harian diambil dengan menggunakan metode focal animal sampling dengan interval 2 menit dari jam 06.00 sampai jam 18.00. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua kelompok memiliki frekuensi aktivitas yang berbeda tetapi hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan frekuensi aktivitas makan kedua kelompok tersebut tidak berbeda nyata. Aktivitas terbanyak yang dilakukan oleh kedua kelompok tersebut adalah makan. Kata kunci: aktivitas harian, cagar alam Tangkoko-Batuangus, Macaca nigra,     COMPARISON OF DAILY ACTIVITIES BETWEEN TWO GROUPS OF SULAWESI-CRESTED-BLACK-MACAQUES (Macaca nigra) AT TANGKOKO-BATUANGUS NATURE RESERVE, NORTH SULAWESI ABSTRACTThe comparison of daily activities between two groups of Sulawesi-crested-black-macaques (Macaca nigra) was studied at Tangkoko-Batuangus Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi. This study aimed to analyze the different of daily activities frequency in the different habitat condition. This research was conducted on two habituated group in January to December 2009.  The first group was Rambi I that was accupied in the primary forest and the second group was  that was occupied in the secondary forest as well as in the shurb.  The daily activities were grouped into 5 classes, i.e. feeding, foraging, moving, resting, and social. Daily activity data were collected using focal-animal- sampling from 06.00 a.m. to 06.00 p.m with 2 minutes interval.  The results showed the different frequency of daily activities between the groups, however, the differences were not significant based on Chi-Square test.  The highest frequency of daily activity was feeding. Keywords: daily activities, Tangkoko-Batuangus Nature Reserve, Macaca nigra

scholarly journals LAMA KEBUNTINGAN MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO-BATUANGUS, SULAWESI UTARA

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroyo Saroyo
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Gestational Length ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Focal Animal ◽  
Macaca Nigra ◽  
Birth Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sulawesi Crested Black Macaque ◽  
Length Of Gestation

A research about gestational length of Sulawesi crested black macaque (Macaca nigra) has conducted to determine the length between conception and birth. Five adult females of Rambo II Group at Tangkoko-Batuangus Nature Reserve, North Sulawesi, were used as samples. Data collection used focal animal sampling to observe the sex swelling cycle and the time when they gave birth. The length of gestation was determined by counting the time duration between middle fully swollen until giving birth. Data was analyzed descriptively to count the mean and standard deviation. Result showed that the gestational length of Sulawesi crested black macaque was 183.6 ± 11.6 days. From this result can be concluded that the gestational length of this species is longer than other Macaca species.

The Existence of Geothermal Energy in Communication Perspective and Sustainable Environment in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Indriyati Kamil ◽  
Oekan S Abdoellah ◽  
Herlina Agustin ◽  
Iriana Bakti
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Nature Reserves ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Communication Models ◽  
The Government

This article highlights the dynamics of geothermal energy in the Kamojang nature reserve in Indonesia. A nature reserve is a conservation area that must be protected and preserved, because it has unique flora and fauna, and rare ecosystems whose existence is threatened with extinction. After going through a long study process by an integrated team, the government finally made a policy to change the function of the nature reserve into a Nature Tourism Park. Changes in policy changes to the function of nature reserves cause pros and cons in the community, and cause conflicts between government and environmental activists. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that cause changes in the function of nature reserves into natural tourism parks in the Kamojang conservation area of Indonesia, as well as to identify appropriate communication models in the management of geothermal energy through communication and environmentally sustainable approaches. Research findings show that the factors that cause changes in the function of nature reserves into tourist parks include; the interests of geothermal energy to meet national energy needs and electricity infrastructure, accommodate the needs of surrounding communities that utilize water resources in conservation areas, and restore ecosystems. The communication model for geothermal energy management that we propose at the same time is also a novelty namely; ecopopulism approach, negotiation approach, collaboration, and equating meaning and orientation to environmental sustainability. Type of Paper: Empirical Keywords: Geothermal Energy, Nature Reserves, Conservation Policies, Communication Models and Sustainable Development.

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