scholarly journals Effect of Motion Intensity on Perceived Quality of Multimedia Communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-438
Keyword(s):  
Video On Demand ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Multimedia Communication ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Wireless Multimedia ◽  
Peak Period

Wireless multimedia communication facilitates the way we communicate and work. Multimedia communication has greatly changed the approach of modern world communication, especially during the peak period of coronavirus pandemic, where patterns of official meetings, business transactions and medical services shifted toward virtual approach using multimedia applications such as video conference, Skype, zoom applications and Video on Demand for personalized media consumption. Multimedia communication demands large chuck of scarced network resources to meet users’ quality performance compared to audio communication. This paper assesses the effect of motion intensity on perceived quality of multimedia communication. System simulations performed with the four different ITU-T reference sequences standard test multimedia sequences of various motion intensity characteristics shows that the perceived quality multimedia test sequences decreases with increase in motion intensity level of test multimedia samples under constraint network condition. Approximately, Akiyo test sample with significant low motion intensity recorded average Mean Opinion Score (MOS) value of 4.16 compared with 3.11 and 3.02 MOS values obtained for test samples with relative high motion intensity characteristics.

scholarly journals Multimedia Communication over Cognitive Radio Networks from QoS/QoE Perspective; A Comprehensive Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Jalil Piran
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Channel Coding ◽  
Multimedia Communication ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Multimedia Communications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wireless Multimedia ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Feasible Solutions

The stringent requirements of wireless multimedia<br>transmission lead to very high radio spectrum solicitation. Although the radio spectrum is considered as a scarce resource, the<br>issue with spectrum availability is not scarcity, but the inefficient<br>utilization. Unique characteristics of cognitive radio (CR) such<br>as flexibility, adaptability, and interoperability, particularly have<br>contributed to it being the optimum technological candidate to<br>alleviate the issue of spectrum scarcity for multimedia communications. However, multimedia communications over CR<br>networks (MCRNs) as a bandwidth-hungry, delay-sensitive, and<br>loss-tolerant service, exposes several severe challenges specially<br>to guarantee quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience<br>(QoE). As a result, to date, different schemes based on source and<br>channel coding, multicast, and distributed streaming, have been<br>examined to improve the QoS/QoE in MCRNs. In this paper,<br>we survey QoS/QoE provisioning schemes in MCRNs. We first<br>discuss the basic concepts of multimedia communication, CRNs,<br>QoS and QoE. Then, we present the advantages of utilizing CR<br>for multimedia services and outline the stringent QoS and QoE<br>requirements in MCRNs. Next, we classify the critical challenges<br>for QoS/QoE provisioning in MCRNs including spectrum sensing,<br>resource allocation management, network fluctuations management, latency management, and energy consumption management. Then, we survey the corresponding feasible solutions for<br>each challenge highlighting performance issues, strengths, and<br>weaknesses. Furthermore, we discuss several important open<br>research problems and provide some avenues for future research. <br>

scholarly journals Multimedia Communication over Cognitive Radio Networks from QoS/QoE Perspective; A Comprehensive Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Jalil Piran
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Channel Coding ◽  
Multimedia Communication ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Multimedia Communications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wireless Multimedia ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Feasible Solutions

The stringent requirements of wireless multimedia<br>transmission lead to very high radio spectrum solicitation. Although the radio spectrum is considered as a scarce resource, the<br>issue with spectrum availability is not scarcity, but the inefficient<br>utilization. Unique characteristics of cognitive radio (CR) such<br>as flexibility, adaptability, and interoperability, particularly have<br>contributed to it being the optimum technological candidate to<br>alleviate the issue of spectrum scarcity for multimedia communications. However, multimedia communications over CR<br>networks (MCRNs) as a bandwidth-hungry, delay-sensitive, and<br>loss-tolerant service, exposes several severe challenges specially<br>to guarantee quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience<br>(QoE). As a result, to date, different schemes based on source and<br>channel coding, multicast, and distributed streaming, have been<br>examined to improve the QoS/QoE in MCRNs. In this paper,<br>we survey QoS/QoE provisioning schemes in MCRNs. We first<br>discuss the basic concepts of multimedia communication, CRNs,<br>QoS and QoE. Then, we present the advantages of utilizing CR<br>for multimedia services and outline the stringent QoS and QoE<br>requirements in MCRNs. Next, we classify the critical challenges<br>for QoS/QoE provisioning in MCRNs including spectrum sensing,<br>resource allocation management, network fluctuations management, latency management, and energy consumption management. Then, we survey the corresponding feasible solutions for<br>each challenge highlighting performance issues, strengths, and<br>weaknesses. Furthermore, we discuss several important open<br>research problems and provide some avenues for future research. <br>

The relationship between followers’ perceived quality of relationship and preferred leadership style

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 605-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Notgrass
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Leaders And Followers ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – Although leaders and followers are both essential elements within the leadership process, there has been limited research regarding followers and their role in the process. The purpose of this paper is to answer specific calls for research in the studies of followership, leadership, and the follower/leader relationship through the examination of the relationship between followers’ perception of quality of relationship with their leaders and followers’ preferred leadership style from their leaders. Design/methodology/approach – The study utilized a quantitative, correlational approach using the LMX-7 questionnaire to measure followers’ perceived quality of relationship with their leader and the MLQ-5x to measure followers’ preferred leadership style from their leader. The test sample was 105 CPA's working in the USA for companies over 1,000 employees in size. Findings – The study determined positive, significant levels of relationship between follower's perceived quality of relationship and follower's preference for transformational leadership style. The study additionally determined that the level of preference for transactional leadership style, at the composite scale level, remained relatively consistent, regardless the quality of relationship. Research limitations/implications – Because of the specific characteristic of the chosen research sample, the research results may not be generalized across other populations. Recommendations for future studies across different samples are identified. Originality/value – This study is unique in that it adds to the body of knowledge of leadership studies through the perspective of the follower.

Investigating the Ease-of-Retrieval Effect in an Eyewitness Context

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Groncki ◽  
Jennifer L Beaudry ◽  
James D. Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Expected Effect ◽  
Bayesian Testing ◽  
Finding Study ◽  
Identification Confidence

The way in which individuals think about their own cognitive processes plays an important role in various domains. When eyewitnesses assess their confidence in identification decisions, they could be influenced by how easily relevant information comes to mind. This ease-of-retrieval effect has a robust influence on people’s cognitions in a variety of contexts (e.g., attitudes), but it has not yet been applied to eyewitness decisions. In three studies, we explored whether the ease with which eyewitnesses recall certain memorial information influenced their identification confidence assessments and related testimony-relevant judgements (e.g., perceived quality of view). We manipulated the number of reasons participants gave to justify their identification (Study 1; N = 343), and also the number of instances they provided of a weak or strong memory (Studies 2a &amp; 2b; Ns = 350 &amp; 312, respectively). Across the three studies, ease-of-retrieval did not affect eyewitnesses’ confidence or other testimony-relevant judgements. We then tried—and failed—to replicate Schwarz et al.’s (1991) original ease-of-retrieval finding (Study 3; N = 661). In three of the four studies, ease-of-retrieval had the expected effect on participants’ perceived task difficulty; however, frequentist and Bayesian testing showed no evidence for an effect on confidence or assertiveness ratings.

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